{ "model": { "rank": 4356, "code": "thing-q145623", "model_id": "vr.tr.molar-mass", "name": "molar mass", "purpose": "Let an agent compute and state molar masses with units and sources, and use them correctly in conversions between mass and amount.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.REL", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q145623/", "tier": 2, "score": 76, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "molar mass of solvent", "formula weight", "molar mass distribution" ], "aliasCount": 3, "merged": 3, "knownIn": 76, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q145623", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145623", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T06:00:55Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q145623", "registryId": "vr.tr.molar-mass", "name": "molar mass", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.REL" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q145623/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.molar-mass", "name": "molar mass", "purpose": "Let an agent compute and state molar masses with units and sources, and use them correctly in conversions between mass and amount.", "definition": "The mass of one mole of a substance, expressed in grams per mole, equal numerically to the relative molecular or formula mass.", "what_it_is_for": "Converting between mass and amount of substance in chemistry and industry.", "affordances": [ "calculate it from a formula", "look it up in data sources", "use it to convert grams to moles", "characterise polymers by molar mass distribution" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Mass per amount of substance", "Depends on isotopic composition", "Polymers have distributions, not single values", "Different from molecular mass in daltons, though numerically equal" ], "appearance": "A number with g/mol on data sheets and labels.", "visual_identification": [ "Values in g/mol", "Formula weight in older texts", "Distributions (Mn, Mw) for polymers" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "water", "typical_range": "18.015", "unit": "g/mol", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "carbon dioxide", "typical_range": "44.009", "unit": "g/mol", "note": "" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "molar mass of compounds", "formula weight for ionic compounds", "molar mass distributions for polymers", "molar mass of solvents" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a property of", "target": "chemical compound", "why": "substance" }, { "relation": "relates", "target": "mass and amount of substance", "why": "conversion" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "physical quantity", "why": "molar quantity" }, { "relation": "is used in", "target": "chemical reaction", "why": "stoichiometry" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "unit", "value_or_pattern": "g/mol or kg/mol", "note": "SI coherent unit is kg/mol" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "IUPAC standard atomic weights", "SI Brochure on the mole" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Using wrong formula or hydrate form", "Unit errors", "Rounding errors in precise work" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "value", "name": "Value", "description": "The molar mass.", "rationale": "Value and source.", "layers": [ { "id": "computation", "name": "Computation", "description": "From formula.", "findings": [ { "id": "computation-finding", "name": "Computation", "description": "Calculation.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is the molar mass computed from the formula?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Which atomic weights were used?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "form", "name": "Form", "description": "Hydrates and salts.", "findings": [ { "id": "form-finding", "name": "Form", "description": "Chemical form.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which form of the substance, such as a hydrate?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Does it change the value?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use", "name": "Use", "description": "Conversions.", "rationale": "Conversions are routine but error-prone.", "layers": [ { "id": "conversion", "name": "Conversion", "description": "Grams and moles.", "findings": [ { "id": "conversion-finding", "name": "Conversion", "description": "Conversion.", "questions": [ { "text": "How many moles are in this mass?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Are units consistent?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stoichiometry", "name": "Stoichiometry", "description": "Reactions.", "findings": [ { "id": "stoichiometry-finding", "name": "Stoichiometry", "description": "Stoichiometric use.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is it used in the reaction calculation?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "What is the limiting reagent?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "polymers", "name": "Polymers", "description": "Distributions.", "rationale": "Polymers have distributions.", "layers": [ { "id": "averages", "name": "Averages", "description": "Mn and Mw.", "findings": [ { "id": "averages-finding", "name": "Averages", "description": "Average molar masses.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are Mn and Mw, and the dispersity?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "By which method?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "effect", "name": "Effect", "description": "Properties.", "findings": [ { "id": "effect-finding", "name": "Effect", "description": "Effect on properties.", "questions": [ { "text": "How does molar mass affect the material properties?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "What range is specified?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "quality", "name": "Quality", "description": "Precision and sources.", "rationale": "Precision depends on use.", "layers": [ { "id": "precision", "name": "Precision", "description": "Significant figures.", "findings": [ { "id": "precision-finding", "name": "Precision", "description": "Needed precision.", "questions": [ { "text": "How precise must the value be for this use?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Which rounding is appropriate?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] }, { "id": "sources", "name": "Sources", "description": "Reference data.", "findings": [ { "id": "sources-finding", "name": "Sources", "description": "Reference sources.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which reference source gives the value?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is it current?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should molar masses be stored on compound entries?", "How should isotopic variation be recorded?", "How should polymer distributions be represented?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a molar mass, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent compute and state molar masses with units and sources, and use them correctly in conversions between mass and amount.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: molar mass of solvent, formula weight, molar mass distribution.", "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 76 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a molar mass, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "molar mass of solvent", "formula weight", "molar mass distribution" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 76 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one molar mass from another, and a molar mass from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a molar mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a molar mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a molar mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a molar mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a molar mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a molar mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a molar mass sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a molar mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a molar mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a molar mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a molar mass from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a molar mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a molar mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a molar mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a molar mass passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a molar mass between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a molar mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a molar mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a molar mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a molar mass, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a molar mass is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a molar mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a molar mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a molar mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What molar mass is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of molar mass are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is molar mass operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of molar mass and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of molar mass?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as molar mass?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a molar mass came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a molar mass and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a molar mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a molar mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a molar mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a molar mass is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a molar mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a molar mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a molar mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }