{ "model": { "rank": 4235, "code": "thing-q145665", "model_id": "vr.tr.manchu-q145665", "name": "Manchu", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise Manchu as an ethnocultural people, assess evidence about its communities and cultural continuity, and identify appropriate consultation without assuming a single representative organisation.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Society, people and institutions", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "SOC", "domain": "SOC.ORG", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q145665/", "tier": 2, "score": 77, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Manchu people in Taiwan" ], "aliasCount": 1, "merged": 1, "knownIn": 77, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q145665", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145665", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T19:46:29Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 14.6, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087b4-3143-7972-bc53-72703e1e350e\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Manchu\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: SOC.ORG\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 registere", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 61, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087b4-3135-7ee1-8bdc-65ca9ec15790\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Manchu\nRegistry id: vr.tr.manchu\nPlane / domain: SOC / SOC.ORG\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext fo" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q145665", "registryId": "vr.tr.manchu", "name": "Manchu", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "SOC.ORG" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q145665/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.manchu", "name": "Manchu", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise Manchu as an ethnocultural people, assess evidence about its communities and cultural continuity, and identify appropriate consultation without assuming a single representative organisation.", "definition": "The Manchu are an ethnic group originating in northeastern Asia, historically associated with the Jurchens and the founding of the Qing dynasty, and recognized as one of China's officially designated ethnic groups.", "scope_statement": "This draft interprets vr.tr.manchu as the Manchu people and owns their collective identification, community diversity, historical continuity and relationships to language, heritage and institutions; the intended referent requires confirmation because the registry provides no definition and assigns SOC.ORG.", "in_scope": [ "Manchu collective identity, self-designations and externally applied classifications", "Community membership and the distinctions among self-identification, ancestry and official classification", "Historical relationships involving Jurchen identities, Qing institutions and Manchu identity formation", "Present and historical community distribution, language relationships and cultural transmission", "Named organisations and individuals representing particular Manchu constituencies" ], "out_of_scope": [ "The Manchu language as a linguistic system", "The Qing state, imperial offices and individual rulers as independently modelled entities", "Manchuria as a geographic region and its changing political boundaries", "Individual biographies, genealogical records and personal ethnicity determinations", "Legal identity and governance of particular Manchu associations", "Biological or genetic definitions of ethnic membership" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "The referent is a people or community identity rather than an incorporated organisation with one founding instrument and governing body.", "Manchu identity and Manchu-language proficiency require separate evidence; neither should be inferred automatically from the other.", "Residence in, or origin from, Manchuria does not by itself establish Manchu identification.", "A relationship to the Qing dynasty or Eight Banners must identify the specific institution, period and population rather than treating institutional affiliation as proof of ethnicity.", "Historical Jurchen and Manchu labels require dated contextual interpretation rather than unconditional synonym matching." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Referent and classification fit", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "ethnocultural people | particular community | named organisation | unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether the SOC.ORG assignment is suitable and prevents institutional assumptions from defining the people." }, { "name": "Basis of identity attribution", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "self-identification | community recognition | official classification | historical attribution | unresolved; multiple bases possible", "why_it_matters": "Preserves differences between how people identify and how institutions or researchers classify them." }, { "name": "Population estimate", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "persons, accompanied by date, geography, counting definition, source and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Makes counts comparable only when their membership criteria and coverage align." }, { "name": "Community distribution", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "named community linked to locality, period and evidence of residence or association", "why_it_matters": "Separates current communities, historical settlement and symbolic geographic attachment." }, { "name": "Relationship to Manchu language", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "first-language use | additional-language use | heritage learning | ceremonial or textual use | no reported use | unknown", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of language transmission without making proficiency a membership requirement." }, { "name": "Transmission of a specified cultural practice", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "documented ongoing transmission | interrupted transmission | revival activity | archival attestation only | unknown", "why_it_matters": "Locates continuity and change in particular practices and communities instead of assigning one condition to all Manchu people." }, { "name": "Representative mandate", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "actor linked to named constituency, subject, authorisation basis and validity period", "why_it_matters": "Prevents an association, official or scholar from being presumed to speak for the entire people." } ], "affordances": [ "Disambiguate references to Manchu people, language, historical institutions and named organisations.", "Compare population and language-use evidence after checking dates, geography and classification criteria.", "Trace historical identity claims through dated sources while preserving contested interpretations.", "Identify community-specific language and heritage initiatives and their stated needs.", "Locate appropriate consultees for a proposed activity and verify the scope of their mandate.", "Flag unsupported ethnic attribution, population-wide generalisation or disclosure of sensitive community information." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "manchu-identity-and-boundaries", "name": "Manchu identity and boundaries", "description": "Establishes the intended referent and the evidence used to describe Manchu identification.", "rationale": "The missing definition and SOC.ORG assignment could otherwise turn a people into a fictitious unitary institution.", "layers": [ { "id": "referent-and-names", "name": "Referent and names", "description": "Distinguishes the people from linguistic, geographic and organisational uses of related names.", "findings": [ { "id": "intended-manchu-referent", "name": "Intended Manchu referent", "description": "Record evidence for interpreting this registry entry as the people and qualify alternative readings.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the originating registry record identify an ethnic people, the Manchu language or a particular organisation?", "kind": "definition", "id": "intended-manchu-referent-q01" }, { "text": "Which self-designations, translated names and historical labels refer to the same people in each documented context?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "intended-manchu-referent-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "identity-attribution", "name": "Identity attribution", "description": "Keeps personal identification, communal belonging and administrative classification distinct.", "findings": [ { "id": "membership-evidence-and-limits", "name": "Membership evidence and limits", "description": "Document the basis and limits of membership descriptions without inventing an ethnic eligibility test.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does a claim of Manchu membership come from self-identification, community recognition, an administrative record or retrospective scholarship?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "membership-evidence-and-limits-q01" }, { "text": "How should differing accounts of ancestry, identification and official classification be recorded without resolving them by assumption?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "membership-evidence-and-limits-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "historical-formation-and-institutions", "name": "Historical formation and institutions", "description": "Connects Manchu identity to documented historical changes and institutions without collapsing those entities together.", "rationale": "Jurchen terminology, Qing history and banner affiliation require distinctions that a generic organisation model would miss.", "layers": [ { "id": "historical-names-and-continuity", "name": "Historical names and continuity", "description": "Examines when identity labels were used and what continuity claims they support.", "findings": [ { "id": "jurchen-manchu-relationship", "name": "Jurchen-Manchu relationship", "description": "Treat relationships between historical Jurchen populations and Manchu identity as dated, sourced claims.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which sources establish the adoption and use of the Manchu designation, and whose populations do they describe?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "jurchen-manchu-relationship-q01" }, { "text": "Where do those sources support continuity with Jurchen identities, and where would equating the labels erase historical differences?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "jurchen-manchu-relationship-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "qing-and-banner-affiliations", "name": "Qing and banner affiliations", "description": "Separates ethnic identification from state service, status and institutional membership.", "findings": [ { "id": "institutional-affiliation-versus-identity", "name": "Institutional affiliation versus identity", "description": "Record specific links to Qing and Eight Banners institutions without using affiliation as an automatic ethnic classification.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which Qing or banner institution, membership category and period does a historical affiliation claim concern?", "kind": "definition", "id": "institutional-affiliation-versus-identity-q01" }, { "text": "What independent evidence supports describing the affiliated person or population as Manchu?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "institutional-affiliation-versus-identity-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "communities-and-population-evidence", "name": "Communities and population evidence", "description": "Describes where particular Manchu communities are situated and what population evidence actually measures.", "rationale": "Geographic association and census classification can obscure variation among communities and counting methods.", "layers": [ { "id": "settlement-and-geographic-association", "name": "Settlement and geographic association", "description": "Distinguishes documented residence from historical homeland narratives and regional labels.", "findings": [ { "id": "community-place-relationships", "name": "Community-place relationships", "description": "Attach geographic claims to named communities, periods and types of association.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which places have documented Manchu communities, and does the evidence concern current residence, historical settlement or ancestral association?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "community-place-relationships-q01" }, { "text": "How is a claimed relationship to Manchuria distinguished from a claim that its residents are Manchu?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "community-place-relationships-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "population-and-official-classification", "name": "Population and official classification", "description": "Interprets counts through the categories, jurisdictions and methods that produced them.", "findings": [ { "id": "comparable-manchu-population-counts", "name": "Comparable Manchu population counts", "description": "Retain counting definitions and uncertainty alongside every population figure.", "questions": [ { "text": "What date, territory, enumeration method and definition of Manchu membership underlie each count?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "comparable-manchu-population-counts-q01" }, { "text": "Do differences between counts reflect population change, altered classification rules, changed coverage or unresolved methodological differences?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "comparable-manchu-population-counts-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "cultural-transmission-and-representation", "name": "Cultural transmission and representation", "description": "Relates language and heritage activity to the communities sustaining it and the actors authorised to participate.", "rationale": "Cultural continuity cannot be reduced to speaker totals, and permission to act cannot be inferred from ethnic affiliation.", "layers": [ { "id": "language-and-heritage-continuity", "name": "Language and heritage continuity", "description": "Assesses particular transmission practices while recognising variation in language use and cultural participation.", "findings": [ { "id": "manchu-language-relationships", "name": "Manchu language relationships", "description": "Record community relationships to the language separately from the linguistic model and ethnic population counts.", "questions": [ { "text": "How many people in the specified community use or learn Manchu, under which proficiency definitions and in which settings?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "manchu-language-relationships-q01" }, { "text": "Which community-led teaching or transmission activities are documented, and what outcomes do their participants seek?", "kind": "action", "id": "manchu-language-relationships-q02" } ] }, { "id": "specific-heritage-practices", "name": "Specific heritage practices", "description": "Identify practices through community attribution and evidence of transmission rather than presenting a fixed list of universal ethnic traits.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which practices do named Manchu communities identify as their heritage, and what evidence documents their transmission or revival?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "specific-heritage-practices-q01" }, { "text": "Which practices are locally specific, shared with neighbouring communities or contested as markers of Manchu identity?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "specific-heritage-practices-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "representation-and-permitted-participation", "name": "Representation and permitted participation", "description": "Determines whom an agent should consult and what a representative can authorise.", "findings": [ { "id": "community-specific-mandates", "name": "Community-specific mandates", "description": "Scope representative claims to an evidenced constituency and subject, including conditions on heritage access or reuse.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which Manchu community or constituency authorises this actor to speak, and for which matters?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "community-specific-mandates-q01" }, { "text": "Whose permission is needed before recording, translating, publishing or reusing the specified community's cultural material?", "kind": "action", "id": "community-specific-mandates-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The intended sense is inferred to be the ethnic group; no sense was recorded.", "SOC.ORG is a questionable classification: an ethnic group is not itself an organization or institution.", "This is recall only; population totals, language vitality and formal classification identifiers require verification." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of Manchu this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Ethnic identification in Chinese population censuses and administrative records.", "Historical research on the Qing dynasty and northeastern Asia.", "Community activities preserving Manchu language and cultural heritage." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Manchu this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Confusing the Manchu people with the Manchu language.", "Treating an ethnic group as a single organization with unified governance or legal identity.", "Equating Manchu ethnicity with Manchu-language proficiency.", "Assuming all Qing banner members were ethnically Manchu." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Manchu this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Manchu communities have historical roots in northeastern China and also developed elsewhere through Qing military and administrative settlement.", "Language use and cultural practices vary between communities and generations." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Manchu this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Manchu language", "difference": "A Tungusic language associated with the Manchu people, rather than the ethnic group itself." }, { "name": "Jurchens", "difference": "Historical populations ancestral to the Manchu; the names belong to different historical contexts and are not universally interchangeable." }, { "name": "Qing dynasty", "difference": "A ruling dynasty founded by Manchu leaders, rather than the Manchu population." }, { "name": "Eight Banners", "difference": "A military and social organizational system that included Manchu, Mongol and Han Chinese members." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Manchu this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the originating record confirm the Manchu people as the referent, and should SOC.ORG accommodate an ethnocultural collective or be corrected?", "Does an existing Vercy world model already cover this concept and therefore provide the authoritative publication to link?", "Which primary and community-authored sources best establish historical naming and the relationships among Jurchen identities, Manchu identification and banner categories?", "Which current population and language-use sources offer compatible definitions, geographic coverage and explicit uncertainty?", "Which present-day Manchu communities and organisations can document their representative mandates and preferred conditions for heritage research and reuse?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 14, "questions": 23 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "organisation or institution", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Manchu, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise Manchu as an ethnocultural people, assess evidence about its communities and cultural continuity, and identify appropriate consultation without assuming a single representative organisation.", "characteristics": { "substance": "social", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "collective" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Manchu people in Taiwan.", "1 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 77 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Manchu, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a social arrangement between people", "physicalCharacter": [ "Acts through people, and only through them.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. Recognised by name, register entry and the people acting in its name, and those change while it stays the same body." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Manchu people in Taiwan" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 77 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 1 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Manchu from another, and a Manchu from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Manchu, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Manchu, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Manchu is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Manchu, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Manchu, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Manchu is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Manchu sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Manchu, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Manchu, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Manchu is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Manchu from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Manchu, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Manchu, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Manchu is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Manchu passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Manchu between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Manchu, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Manchu, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Manchu is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Manchu, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Manchu is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Manchu, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Manchu, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Manchu is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "people-and-responsibility", "name": "People, roles and responsibility", "description": "Who stands in what relation to a Manchu.", "rationale": "Social things are defined by the relations people hold to them, and those relations change without the thing changing.", "layers": [ { "id": "roles-and-parties", "name": "Roles and parties", "description": "The roles that exist around a Manchu and who fills them.", "findings": [ { "id": "role-assignments", "name": "Role assignments and their validity", "description": "Who holds which role over a Manchu, from when, and on whose authority.", "questions": [ { "id": "role-assignments-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a role over a Manchu, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "role-assignments-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a role over a Manchu, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "role-assignments-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a role over a Manchu is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "ownership-and-accountability", "name": "Ownership and accountability", "description": "Who answers for a Manchu and who may decide about it.", "findings": [ { "id": "accountability", "name": "Accountability and decision rights", "description": "Where responsibility for a Manchu sits when something goes wrong.", "questions": [ { "id": "accountability-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes responsibility for a Manchu, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "accountability-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about responsibility for a Manchu, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "accountability-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once responsibility for a Manchu is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "legal-identity", "name": "Legal identity and mandate", "description": "What Manchu is in law and what it exists to do.", "rationale": "Legal identity survives changes of name, address, staff and premises, which is exactly why it must be recorded separately from all of them.", "layers": [ { "id": "registration", "name": "Legal form and registration", "description": "Form, register, identifiers and jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "registration-record", "name": "Registration and identifiers", "description": "What names this body unambiguously in law.", "questions": [ { "id": "registration-record-q01", "text": "What legal form does Manchu take, in which register, under which identifier?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "registration-record-q02", "text": "What survives a rename, a merger or a move of premises, and what does not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "mandate", "name": "Mandate and governing instrument", "description": "The purpose it is bound to and the document that binds it.", "findings": [ { "id": "mandate-record", "name": "Mandate and its source", "description": "What it may do, and the instrument that says so.", "questions": [ { "id": "mandate-record-q01", "text": "What is the mandate of Manchu, and which founding or governing instrument grants it?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "mandate-record-q02", "text": "What lies outside the mandate, and what should an agent do when asked for it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "governance-and-membership", "name": "Governance, membership and decision rights", "description": "Who decides in Manchu and who belongs to it.", "rationale": "Authority inside an organisation is held by roles, not people, and an agent needs to know which role can commit it.", "layers": [ { "id": "decision-rights", "name": "Decision rights", "description": "Bodies, offices and what each may bind.", "findings": [ { "id": "authority-map", "name": "Who may bind the organisation", "description": "The offices that can commit it and their limits.", "questions": [ { "id": "authority-map-q01", "text": "Which bodies or offices of Manchu may take which decisions, and up to what limit?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "authority-map-q02", "text": "What evidence shows that a given person currently holds that office?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "membership", "name": "Membership and affiliation", "description": "Who counts as part of it and on what terms.", "findings": [ { "id": "membership-rules", "name": "Membership and its evidence", "description": "Classes of member, how membership starts and ends.", "questions": [ { "id": "membership-rules-q01", "text": "What kinds of membership or affiliation does Manchu have, and how does each begin and end?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "membership-rules-q02", "text": "What may a member do in its name, and what may they not?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Manchu came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Manchu and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Manchu, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Manchu, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Manchu is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Manchu is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Manchu, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Manchu, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Manchu is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }