{ "model": { "rank": 4528, "code": "thing-q154865", "model_id": "vr.tr.botulism", "name": "botulism", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a possible botulism episode, record its evidence and progression, and support timely clinical and public-health escalation.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.KNW", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q154865/", "tier": 2, "score": 74, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "iatrogenic botulism", "avian botulism", "foodborne botulism", "toxin-mediated infectious botulism", "inhalational botulism" ], "aliasCount": 5, "merged": 5, "knownIn": 74, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.botulism", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q154865", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154865", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:26:41Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 19.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087d8-d7f7-79b2-acd4-af70e035011b\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: botulism\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: INF.KNW\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 regist", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 71.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087d8-d7ef-7f00-b2f6-e18782ae555d\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: botulism\nRegistry id: vr.tr.botulism\nPlane / domain: INF / INF.KNW\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContex" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q154865", "registryId": "vr.tr.botulism", "name": "botulism", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.KNW" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q154865/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.botulism", "name": "botulism", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a possible botulism episode, record its evidence and progression, and support timely clinical and public-health escalation.", "definition": "Botulism is a potentially fatal neuroparalytic disease caused by botulinum neurotoxins, produced chiefly by Clostridium botulinum, which inhibit acetylcholine release at peripheral cholinergic nerve terminals and typically cause descending flaccid paralysis.", "scope_statement": "This draft models vr.tr.botulism as the human disease caused by botulinum neurotoxin, including its clinical forms and episode-level assessment; INF / INF.KNW is retained as registry placement, not interpreted as making botulism a discipline.", "in_scope": [ "Botulism disease identity and boundaries with other causes of paralysis", "Exposure route and clinical form, with uncertainty preserved", "Neurological presentation, respiratory risk and progression", "Diagnostic evidence and separate clinical and surveillance classifications", "Treatment decisions, recovery and links to source investigations" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Taxonomy and cultivation of toxin-producing bacteria", "Botulinum toxin manufacture, purification and molecular engineering", "Routine cosmetic or therapeutic injection practice", "General food-processing specifications and recall administration", "Full models of differential diagnoses such as myasthenia gravis", "Animal botulism and veterinary management" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "A compatible neuroparalytic syndrome distinguishes suspected botulism from gastrointestinal illness alone; gastrointestinal symptoms do not establish the diagnosis.", "Cranial nerve involvement followed by symmetric descending flaccid weakness supports recognition; assess sensory findings and alternative diagnoses rather than treating the pattern as a standalone diagnostic test. [CDC clinical overview](https://www.cdc.gov/botulism/hcp/clinical-overview/index.html)", "Distinguish disease in a patient from toxin or bacterial detection in an environmental or food sample.", "Infant botulism involves intestinal colonization and toxin production, so an infant's exposure history must distinguish swallowed spores from preformed toxin. [CDC infant overview](https://www.cdc.gov/botulism/hcp/clinical-overview/infant-botulism.html)", "Following botulinum toxin injection, distinguish localized effects from findings supporting systemic botulism. [CDC injection-related guidance](https://www.cdc.gov/botulism/hcp/diy-botox/index.html)" ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Clinical form", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Foodborne; wound; infant intestinal; adult intestinal colonization; iatrogenic; other documented route; undetermined", "why_it_matters": "Organizes exposure assessment, specialist consultation and source-control questions without forcing an unsupported assignment." }, { "name": "Clinical assessment", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Suspected; clinically supported; alternative diagnosis favored; unresolved, with assessor and timestamp", "why_it_matters": "Keeps clinical urgency separate from laboratory completion." }, { "name": "Surveillance classification", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Label under a named jurisdictional case definition and version; unclassified", "why_it_matters": "Prevents surveillance eligibility from becoming a diagnostic gate." }, { "name": "Neurological distribution", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Cranial, bulbar, limb and autonomic findings; symmetry; direction of progression; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Makes the pattern and its changes assessable." }, { "name": "Respiratory assessment", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Clinician-selected measures with units, method, time and reliability; support status recorded separately", "why_it_matters": "Supports interpretation of trends instead of relying on one undocumented severity label." }, { "name": "Episode timing", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Exposure, symptom onset, consultation and treatment timestamps; intervals in hours or days; uncertainty ranges", "why_it_matters": "Supports exposure attribution and review of treatment delays." }, { "name": "Diagnostic evidence", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Links to patient specimens, implicated-source specimens, assay reports and expert interpretations", "why_it_matters": "Preserves the distinction between evidence of illness and evidence about its source." }, { "name": "Functional recovery", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Breathing, swallowing, feeding, mobility and communication status relative to baseline", "why_it_matters": "Makes continuing care needs visible after acute treatment." } ], "affordances": [ "Flag a compatible presentation for urgent clinician assessment and botulism consultation.", "Build a timed exposure and symptom history while preserving competing explanations.", "Prepare a diagnostic-evidence summary that distinguishes pending tests from negative results.", "Track clinician-directed antitoxin access, respiratory support and form-specific management.", "Link potentially shared exposures for authorized public-health investigation.", "Track recovery and unresolved neurological or functional limitations." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "disease-identity-and-form", "name": "Disease identity and form", "description": "Establish what counts as botulism and which clinical form is being considered.", "rationale": "The disease, its causative toxin and its bacterial producers require separate identities.", "layers": [ { "id": "toxin-mediated-disease", "name": "Toxin-mediated disease", "description": "Define the patient illness and its causal attribution.", "findings": [ { "id": "illness-versus-hazard", "name": "Illness versus hazard", "description": "Record whether the assertion concerns patient disease, exposure alone or detection in a possible source.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence supports botulinum neurotoxin-mediated illness in this patient?", "kind": "definition", "id": "illness-versus-hazard-q01" }, { "text": "Does the available evidence establish illness, exposure, or only contamination of a possible source?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "illness-versus-hazard-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-assignment", "name": "Form assignment", "description": "Relate the illness to a documented or hypothesized route.", "findings": [ { "id": "route-and-toxin-origin", "name": "Route and toxin origin", "description": "Separate preformed toxin exposure from toxin production within the patient, retaining an undetermined category.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which clinical form is supported, and what evidence distinguishes it from the other forms?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "route-and-toxin-origin-q01" }, { "text": "Who assigned the form, using which history, investigation or laboratory evidence?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "route-and-toxin-origin-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "presentation-and-progression", "name": "Presentation and progression", "description": "Represent the neurological pattern and changes that affect urgency.", "rationale": "Recognition depends on the distribution and evolution of impairment, including age-dependent presentation.", "layers": [ { "id": "neurological-pattern", "name": "Neurological pattern", "description": "Organize serial cranial, bulbar and limb examinations.", "findings": [ { "id": "pattern-and-age-context", "name": "Pattern and age context", "description": "Record observed findings, absent findings and examination limitations; infant observations include feeding, cry and tone.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which cranial, swallowing and limb findings occurred first, and how have they progressed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "pattern-and-age-context-q01" }, { "text": "For an infant, what changes in feeding, cry, stooling and muscle tone were observed relative to baseline?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "pattern-and-age-context-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "breathing-and-swallowing", "name": "Breathing and swallowing", "description": "Track threats to ventilation and airway protection.", "findings": [ { "id": "respiratory-risk-trajectory", "name": "Respiratory risk trajectory", "description": "Preserve serial respiratory and bulbar assessments with the responsible clinician's escalation decision.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do serial breathing, cough, secretion-management and swallowing assessments show?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "respiratory-risk-trajectory-q01" }, { "text": "What findings require immediate escalation under the treating team's applicable protocol?", "kind": "action", "id": "respiratory-risk-trajectory-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "diagnostic-evidence", "name": "Diagnostic evidence", "description": "Make diagnostic confidence and competing explanations inspectable.", "rationale": "Urgent clinical decisions and formal confirmation operate on different timelines.", "layers": [ { "id": "clinical-differentiation", "name": "Clinical differentiation", "description": "Compare botulism with plausible causes of weakness or cranial neuropathy.", "findings": [ { "id": "competing-explanations", "name": "Competing explanations", "description": "Record positive and conflicting evidence for botulism, Guillain-Barré variants, myasthenia gravis and relevant central lesions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which examination or investigation findings favor each competing explanation?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "competing-explanations-q01" }, { "text": "Which atypical findings require specialist reassessment without prematurely excluding botulism?", "kind": "action", "id": "competing-explanations-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "confirmation-and-classification", "name": "Confirmation and classification", "description": "Connect laboratory reports to clinical interpretation and surveillance rules.", "findings": [ { "id": "specimen-meaning", "name": "Specimen meaning", "description": "Record specimen origin, collection timing, assay and interpretation; keep surveillance classification distinct from diagnosis. [CDC case-definition boundary](https://ndc.services.cdc.gov/case-definitions/botulism-2011/)", "questions": [ { "text": "Which patient or source specimen was tested, by which laboratory and method, and when relative to onset and treatment?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "specimen-meaning-q01" }, { "text": "How does the specialist interpret a positive, negative or inconclusive result in this episode?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "specimen-meaning-q02" }, { "text": "Which named surveillance definition and version supports the recorded classification?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "specimen-meaning-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "urgent-care-and-recovery", "name": "Urgent care and recovery", "description": "Track time-sensitive consultation, treatment and continuing disability.", "rationale": "The model must distinguish limiting further toxin injury from recovery of existing impairment.", "layers": [ { "id": "consultation-and-antitoxin", "name": "Consultation and antitoxin", "description": "Represent expert assessment and access to the appropriate treatment pathway.", "findings": [ { "id": "treatment-without-confirmation-delay", "name": "Treatment without confirmation delay", "description": "When expert clinical consultation supports botulism, treatment should begin promptly without waiting for laboratory confirmation. [CDC clinical overview](https://www.cdc.gov/botulism/hcp/clinical-overview/index.html)", "questions": [ { "text": "When was botulism suspected, when was expert consultation reached, and what decision followed?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "treatment-without-confirmation-delay-q01" }, { "text": "Which infant or non-infant treatment pathway applies, and what access barriers remain?", "kind": "action", "id": "treatment-without-confirmation-delay-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "support-and-functional-return", "name": "Support and functional return", "description": "Track supportive care, form-specific interventions and recovery.", "findings": [ { "id": "ongoing-impairment", "name": "Ongoing impairment", "description": "Antitoxin limits further injury but does not reverse established paralysis; record respiratory support, wound management where indicated and rehabilitation needs. [CDC treatment](https://www.cdc.gov/botulism/treatment/index.html)", "questions": [ { "text": "Which respiratory, nutritional, communication and mobility supports are currently required?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "ongoing-impairment-q01" }, { "text": "What form-specific interventions and rehabilitation milestones has the treating team documented?", "kind": "action", "id": "ongoing-impairment-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "exposure-and-public-health", "name": "Exposure and public health", "description": "Connect individual illness to possible sources and jurisdiction-specific response.", "rationale": "A clinical episode may reveal an exposure affecting additional people, while source attribution can remain uncertain.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-attribution", "name": "Source attribution", "description": "Keep candidate exposures and their evidential strength separate.", "findings": [ { "id": "exposure-link-strength", "name": "Exposure link strength", "description": "Record relevant foods, wounds, injection histories or intestinal exposure hypotheses without treating temporal association as proof.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which candidate exposures fit the episode timeline and proposed clinical form?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "exposure-link-strength-q01" }, { "text": "What corroborates each link: patient history, shared exposure, source testing or an investigator's assessment?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "exposure-link-strength-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "notification-and-shared-exposure", "name": "Notification and shared exposure", "description": "Identify the responsible authority and preserve investigation links.", "findings": [ { "id": "authorized-response", "name": "Authorized response", "description": "Record applicable notification requirements, authority contact and source-control decisions rather than assuming one jurisdiction's rules apply everywhere.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which jurisdiction and current reporting rule apply, and has the responsible authority received the report?", "kind": "action", "id": "authorized-response-q01" }, { "text": "Are other illnesses or exposed people linked, and what investigation or source-control action has the authority directed?", "kind": "action", "id": "authorized-response-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This describes the disease, not a discipline or field of knowledge; the supplied INF.KNW domain assignment warrants review.", "The content is recalled knowledge without source verification; jurisdiction-specific coding and regulation require checking.", "Inhalational botulism is a recognized but exceptionally rare exposure category; the listed forms are not equally common." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of botulism this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Foodborne botulism", "Infant botulism", "Wound botulism", "Adult intestinal colonization botulism", "Iatrogenic botulism", "Inhalational botulism" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of botulism this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "ICD-10", "value_or_pattern": "A05.1", "note": "Botulism is classified within bacterial foodborne intoxications; coding of particular forms should be checked against the applicable national modification." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of botulism this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Clinical recognition and differential diagnosis of acute flaccid paralysis", "Public-health surveillance and investigation of foodborne outbreaks", "Food-preservation safety assessment and control of botulinum toxin formation", "Safety monitoring of therapeutic and cosmetic botulinum toxin administration" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of botulism this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Respiratory muscle paralysis can cause fatal respiratory failure.", "Impaired swallowing can cause aspiration.", "Improperly preserved foods can permit toxin formation without reliably detectable changes in appearance, smell or taste.", "Intestinal colonization by toxin-producing organisms can cause infant botulism; honey is a recognized avoidable exposure source.", "Delayed recognition can occur because early cranial nerve symptoms resemble other neurological disorders." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of botulism this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Foodborne exposure patterns vary with local preservation methods and consumption of home-canned, fermented or preserved foods.", "Reporting requirements, laboratory capacity and access to antitoxin vary between jurisdictions." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of botulism this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Clostridium botulinum", "difference": "The bacterium is a principal producer of the toxin; botulism is the disease caused by toxin activity." }, { "name": "Botulinum toxin", "difference": "The toxin is the causative substance and can also be used medicinally; botulism is the resulting clinical disease." }, { "name": "Tetanus", "difference": "Tetanus typically causes rigidity and painful spasms, whereas botulism typically causes flaccid paralysis." }, { "name": "Myasthenia gravis", "difference": "Myasthenia gravis usually involves autoimmune impairment of postsynaptic neuromuscular transmission; botulism impairs presynaptic acetylcholine release through toxin action." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of botulism this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does an existing Vercy world model already own botulism or an encompassing disease concept that this registry entry should reference?", "Should INF / INF.KNW remain solely the registry placement, or does the catalogue require a separate relation identifying the disease sense?", "Which jurisdiction-specific case definitions, reporting pathways and antitoxin-access arrangements should the first researched publication support?", "Which specialist criteria should distinguish systemic iatrogenic botulism from localized injection effects and other adverse reactions?", "Which age-appropriate respiratory and functional measures should be standardized, and how should unreliable or unobtainable measurements be represented?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 17, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "discipline or field of knowledge", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a botulism, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise a possible botulism episode, record its evidence and progression, and support timely clinical and public-health escalation.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: iatrogenic botulism, avian botulism, foodborne botulism, toxin-mediated infectious botulism, inhalational botulism.", "5 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 74 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a botulism, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says" ], "howItIsRecognised": [], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "iatrogenic botulism", "avian botulism", "foodborne botulism", "toxin-mediated infectious botulism", "inhalational botulism" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 74 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 5 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one botulism from another, and a botulism from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a botulism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a botulism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a botulism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a botulism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a botulism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a botulism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a botulism sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a botulism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a botulism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a botulism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a botulism from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a botulism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a botulism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a botulism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a botulism passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a botulism between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a botulism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a botulism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a botulism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a botulism, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a botulism is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a botulism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a botulism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a botulism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a botulism says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a botulism contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a botulism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a botulism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a botulism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a botulism and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a botulism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a botulism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a botulism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "subject-and-method", "name": "Subject matter and method", "description": "What botulism studies and how it establishes anything.", "rationale": "A field is identified by its questions and its methods, and those are what distinguish it from the fields next to it.", "layers": [ { "id": "subject", "name": "Subject matter", "description": "The questions it takes as its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "subject-record", "name": "Questions and objects of study", "description": "What it is about, stated so a neighbouring field can be told apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "subject-record-q01", "text": "What questions and objects does botulism take as its own?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "subject-record-q02", "text": "Which questions does it share with a neighbouring field, and who claims them?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "method", "name": "Method and evidence", "description": "How claims are established and what counts as evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "method-record", "name": "Methods and standards of evidence", "description": "The methods used and what they are taken to establish.", "questions": [ { "id": "method-record-q01", "text": "By what methods does botulism establish claims, and what counts as sufficient evidence?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "method-record-q02", "text": "What kind of claim can this field not settle, and where should an agent look instead?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "institutions-and-classification", "name": "Institutions and classification", "description": "Where botulism is practised and how catalogues place it.", "rationale": "The institutional footprint is the evidence that a field exists as a field rather than as a topic.", "layers": [ { "id": "institutions", "name": "Institutional markers", "description": "Societies, journals, degrees and departments.", "findings": [ { "id": "institution-record", "name": "Bodies and venues", "description": "Where the field organises itself.", "questions": [ { "id": "institution-record-q01", "text": "Which societies, journals or degrees mark botulism as an established field?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "institution-record-q02", "text": "What would show that it is emerging or dissolving rather than established?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification", "name": "Classification schemes", "description": "Where library and research classifications put it.", "findings": [ { "id": "classification-record", "name": "Codes and their disagreements", "description": "The classification codes that place it, and where they differ.", "questions": [ { "id": "classification-record-q01", "text": "Which classification schemes place botulism, under what codes?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classification-record-q02", "text": "Where do those schemes disagree about its scope?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a botulism came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a botulism and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a botulism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a botulism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a botulism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a botulism is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a botulism, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a botulism, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a botulism is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }