{ "model": { "rank": 5056, "code": "thing-q155890", "model_id": "vr.tr.heavy-water", "name": "heavy water", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise heavy water, assess its isotopic and chemical condition, and determine its suitability for a specified use.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q155890/", "tier": 2, "score": 70, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Doubly labeled water" ], "aliasCount": 1, "merged": 1, "knownIn": 70, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q155890", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155890", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T21:34:18Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 20.4, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08816-dfa7-7a23-a67c-05bf51645be9\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: heavy water\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.MAT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 reg", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 62.9, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08816-df91-7c22-80a2-8c68825da36a\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: heavy water\nRegistry id: vr.tr.heavy-water\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\n" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q155890", "registryId": "vr.tr.heavy-water", "name": "heavy water", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q155890/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.heavy-water", "name": "heavy water", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise heavy water, assess its isotopic and chemical condition, and determine its suitability for a specified use.", "definition": "Heavy water is water enriched in deuterium, the stable hydrogen isotope with one proton and one neutron, conventionally referring to deuterium oxide (D₂O), in which both hydrogen atoms are deuterium.", "scope_statement": "This model owns heavy water as a deuterium-enriched water substance or material lot, centred on D2O identity, isotopic composition, physical state, purity and use-dependent acceptance; it distinguishes the molecular species from mixtures sold or handled as heavy water.", "in_scope": [ "D2O identity and the boundary between heavy water and other deuterium-enriched water mixtures", "Deuterium abundance, D2O/HDO/H2O composition and the reporting basis of isotopic purity", "Chemical impurities, dissolved gases and separately assessed radioactive contamination", "Phase, thermophysical properties and the conditions under which they were measured", "Material-grade suitability, storage condition and changes caused by handling or use", "Substance identifiers and applicable safety or transfer requirements supported by current sources" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Ordinary water properties except where they establish a relevant comparison or inherited behaviour", "Deuterium gas, tritiated water and other isotope-labelled substances as independent materials", "Heavy-water production plants and detailed enrichment processes", "Reactor design, operation and nuclear-material systems", "Spectrometers, experimental protocols and finished products containing heavy water" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Establish whether the name denotes the D2O molecular species or a material lot containing D2O, HDO and H2O.", "Distinguish heavy water from ordinary water through measured isotopic composition rather than appearance or density alone.", "Distinguish isotopic purity from chemical purity: a chemically clean lot can still contain more protium than its intended use permits.", "Distinguish deuterium enrichment from tritium content or measured radioactivity; neither a heavy-water label nor a deuterium assay establishes radiological status.", "Distinguish an accepted heavy-water grade from a nominally similar lot through application-specific limits and documented measurement conditions." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Material identity and designation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "D2O molecular species; deuterium-enriched water mixture; declared commercial grade", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a molecular name from being treated as a complete description of a supplied material." }, { "name": "Deuterium atom fraction", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "atom % D among hydrogen isotopes, with denominator, method and uncertainty stated", "why_it_matters": "Provides a comparable enrichment measure when labels use different purity conventions." }, { "name": "Water isotopologue composition", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mole fractions of D2O, HDO and H2O; measured or inferred status", "why_it_matters": "Describes molecular composition without equating atom % D with mole % D2O." }, { "name": "Chemical impurity profile", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Analyte-specific concentrations in mg/kg, µg/L or mol/L, with detection limits", "why_it_matters": "Identifies contamination that may compromise an application independently of isotope enrichment." }, { "name": "Radiological condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Unassessed; assayed with radionuclide-specific activity in Bq/L or Bq/kg and detection limits", "why_it_matters": "Separates stable-isotope identity from contamination associated with a material's history." }, { "name": "Phase and observation conditions", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Solid, liquid, vapour or multiphase; temperature in K or °C and pressure in Pa", "why_it_matters": "Makes state descriptions and property comparisons interpretable." }, { "name": "Thermophysical property set", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Density in kg/m³, viscosity in Pa·s, transition temperatures in K or °C; composition and pressure specified", "why_it_matters": "Supports handling and calculations using values applicable to the actual material." }, { "name": "Acidity measurement basis", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Reported pH reading or pD estimate, dimensionless, with calibration and conversion convention", "why_it_matters": "Prevents unqualified comparison of readings taken in different isotopic solvent compositions." }, { "name": "Exposure and storage condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Seal status, opening history, moisture exposure, container compatibility and sampling date", "why_it_matters": "Helps determine whether an earlier composition certificate still represents the lot." }, { "name": "Application qualification", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Lot linked to a named specification, version, test results and acceptance decision", "why_it_matters": "Makes suitability a supported decision for a particular use." } ], "affordances": [ "Compare supplier labels and certificates after reconciling their isotopic-purity reporting bases.", "Request or interpret isotope, chemical and radiological assays appropriate to the lot's intended use and history.", "Select measured physical properties applicable to the lot's temperature, pressure and composition.", "Qualify, reject or quarantine a lot against documented application requirements.", "Identify when handling or moisture exposure requires resampling and requalification.", "Route storage, transfer, recovery or disposal decisions to the applicable documented requirements." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "heavy-water-identity", "name": "Heavy-water identity", "description": "Establish what the heavy-water designation refers to and how its identity is evidenced.", "rationale": "The D2O species, an enriched-water mixture and a commercial grade require different identity statements.", "layers": [ { "id": "species-and-material-boundary", "name": "Species and material boundary", "description": "Separate molecular identity from the composition of a physical lot.", "findings": [ { "id": "meaning-of-heavy-water", "name": "Meaning of heavy water", "description": "Record the intended sense of the name and any enrichment criterion used to apply it.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this record describe D2O as a molecular species or a material containing multiple water isotopologues?", "kind": "definition", "id": "meaning-of-heavy-water-q01" }, { "text": "What documented convention determines whether this enriched-water mixture is called heavy water?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "meaning-of-heavy-water-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "identity-evidence", "name": "Identity evidence", "description": "Connect identifiers and supplier declarations to the substance and lot they actually describe.", "findings": [ { "id": "identifier-and-certificate-scope", "name": "Identifier and certificate scope", "description": "Record verified registry identifiers, grade names and certificate provenance without treating them as interchangeable evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which CAS, PubChem and EC records were checked, and do they identify D2O or the supplied mixture?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "identifier-and-certificate-scope-q01" }, { "text": "Which supplier certificate identifies this lot, its declared grade and the date of its composition measurements?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "identifier-and-certificate-scope-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "isotopic-and-chemical-composition", "name": "Isotopic and chemical composition", "description": "Describe enrichment and contamination using explicit measurement bases.", "rationale": "Heavy-water suitability depends on isotope composition as well as conventional chemical purity.", "layers": [ { "id": "enrichment-accounting", "name": "Enrichment accounting", "description": "Make isotope assays and isotopologue estimates comparable.", "findings": [ { "id": "purity-basis-and-isotopologues", "name": "Purity basis and isotopologues", "description": "Record what a purity percentage counts and distinguish measured species fractions from calculated ones.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the reported enrichment atom % D, mole % D2O, a mass fraction or another quantity, and what is its denominator?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "purity-basis-and-isotopologues-q01" }, { "text": "Were D2O, HDO and H2O fractions measured separately or inferred, and what assumptions and uncertainties support any inference?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "purity-basis-and-isotopologues-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "non-water-constituents", "name": "Non-water constituents", "description": "Identify impurities and additives that an isotope assay does not resolve.", "findings": [ { "id": "chemical-purity-evidence", "name": "Chemical purity evidence", "description": "Record relevant ions, organics, dissolved gases and deliberately added substances.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which impurities or additives have been assayed, in what units and with what detection limits?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "chemical-purity-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Does the material remain a heavy-water lot, or should a formulated solution containing heavy water be represented by a neighbouring model?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "chemical-purity-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "physical-and-solvent-state", "name": "Physical and solvent state", "description": "Represent phase, measurable properties and solvent measurements under stated conditions.", "rationale": "Values for ordinary water or idealised D2O cannot automatically describe every enriched-water lot.", "layers": [ { "id": "phase-and-thermophysical-properties", "name": "Phase and thermophysical properties", "description": "Attach state and property observations to pressure, temperature and composition.", "findings": [ { "id": "conditioned-property-values", "name": "Conditioned property values", "description": "Record applicable density, viscosity and phase-transition data with their provenance.", "questions": [ { "text": "What phase is present at the recorded temperature, pressure and isotopic composition?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "conditioned-property-values-q01" }, { "text": "Which measured or reference density, viscosity, melting and boiling values apply, and what conditions and uncertainties accompany them?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "conditioned-property-values-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "isotopic-solvent-behaviour", "name": "Isotopic solvent behaviour", "description": "Capture solvent observations whose interpretation depends on hydrogen-isotope composition.", "findings": [ { "id": "acidity-and-exchange-context", "name": "Acidity and exchange context", "description": "Record acidity conventions and contact with exchangeable hydrogen when these affect use.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is acidity reported as an electrode pH reading or a pD estimate, and which calibration or conversion convention was used?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "acidity-and-exchange-context-q01" }, { "text": "Which contacting solvents, solutes or surfaces could alter the relevant isotope composition through hydrogen exchange?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "acidity-and-exchange-context-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-use-qualification", "name": "Grade and use qualification", "description": "Connect a lot's demonstrated properties to a specific intended application.", "rationale": "An acceptable spectroscopic solvent, tracer material and reactor-associated material need not satisfy the same requirements.", "layers": [ { "id": "application-requirements", "name": "Application requirements", "description": "Define acceptance criteria without modelling the equipment or process that consumes the material.", "findings": [ { "id": "use-specific-acceptance", "name": "Use-specific acceptance", "description": "Associate intended use with explicit enrichment, impurity and other material limits.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the proposed use spectroscopy, isotope tracing, neutron moderation or another application, and which material specification governs it?", "kind": "definition", "id": "use-specific-acceptance-q01" }, { "text": "Which isotope, chemical and radiological criteria must the lot satisfy before that use is authorised?", "kind": "action", "id": "use-specific-acceptance-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "qualification-status", "name": "Qualification status", "description": "Distinguish declared grade from demonstrated current suitability.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-for-release", "name": "Evidence for release", "description": "Record acceptance evidence, unresolved deviations and triggers for renewed testing.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which current lot-specific results support acceptance, and which required properties remain untested?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "evidence-for-release-q01" }, { "text": "What exposure, reuse or composition change would require the lot to be quarantined or requalified?", "kind": "action", "id": "evidence-for-release-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-control", "name": "Handling and control", "description": "Preserve composition and establish the requirements applicable to the actual lot.", "rationale": "Moisture contact, service history and jurisdiction can change how heavy water must be assessed and handled.", "layers": [ { "id": "composition-preservation", "name": "Composition preservation", "description": "Track storage and handling conditions relevant to retained enrichment and cleanliness.", "findings": [ { "id": "container-and-exposure-history", "name": "Container and exposure history", "description": "Record containment, opening and transfer history alongside the most recent representative assay.", "questions": [ { "text": "What container, seal and handling history support the claim that the recorded enrichment still represents this lot?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "container-and-exposure-history-q01" }, { "text": "After suspected moisture ingress or contact with ordinary water, what sampling and assay are required before further use?", "kind": "action", "id": "container-and-exposure-history-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "radiological-and-regulatory-status", "name": "Radiological and regulatory status", "description": "Determine hazard and transfer requirements from documented identity, composition, history and jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "lot-specific-controls", "name": "Lot-specific controls", "description": "Separate chemical classification, radionuclide assessment and applicable material controls.", "questions": [ { "text": "What service history or assay establishes tritium and other radionuclide status, including any detection limits or unresolved assessment need?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "lot-specific-controls-q01" }, { "text": "Which current safety data and jurisdictional sources establish applicable GHS classification, exposure limits if any, and storage, transfer or disposal requirements?", "kind": "action", "id": "lot-specific-controls-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This is recalled knowledge, not a researched or source-verified record.", "Check supplier specifications for isotopic abundance, chemical purity and grade; atom % D is distinct from the percentage of molecules that are D₂O.", "Verify current jurisdiction-specific nuclear controls, transport requirements and product hazard classifications before operational use." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of heavy water this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "High-isotopic-purity deuterium oxide", "Reactor-grade heavy water", "Laboratory-grade heavy water", "Partially deuterium-enriched water" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of heavy water this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "CAS Registry Number", "value_or_pattern": "7789-20-0", "note": "Identifies deuterium oxide." }, { "scheme": "Chemical formula", "value_or_pattern": "D₂O or ²H₂O", "note": "D denotes deuterium; an enriched bulk sample can also contain HDO and H₂O." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of heavy water this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Neutron moderator in heavy-water nuclear reactors.", "Coolant in some nuclear reactor designs.", "Deuterated solvent for nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.", "Isotopic tracer in chemical and biological research.", "Isotopic contrast medium in neutron scattering experiments." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of heavy water this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Molar mass of D₂O", "typical_range": "Approximately 20.03", "unit": "g/mol" }, { "quantity": "Density of nearly pure liquid D₂O at 20 °C", "typical_range": "Approximately 1.106", "unit": "g/cm³" }, { "quantity": "Melting point of nearly pure D₂O at atmospheric pressure", "typical_range": "Approximately 3.82", "unit": "°C" }, { "quantity": "Normal boiling point of nearly pure D₂O", "typical_range": "Approximately 101.4", "unit": "°C" }, { "quantity": "Deuterium isotopic abundance in high-purity laboratory material", "typical_range": "Commonly 99.8-99.9; product-dependent", "unit": "atom % D" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of heavy water this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Substantial replacement of body water with heavy water disrupts biological processes through isotope effects.", "Exchange with ordinary water or atmospheric moisture reduces isotopic purity and can compromise experiments or reactor performance.", "Chemical impurities can impair suitability for nuclear or analytical applications independently of isotopic purity.", "Heavy water exposed to neutron irradiation can accumulate radioactive tritium; deuterium oxide itself is not intrinsically radioactive.", "Substituting heavy water for ordinary water can change reaction rates, equilibria and biological behavior." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of heavy water this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Ordinary water", "difference": "Its hydrogen is predominantly protium, whereas heavy water is enriched in deuterium." }, { "name": "Semiheavy water", "difference": "HDO has one protium and one deuterium atom per molecule; D₂O has two deuterium atoms." }, { "name": "Tritiated water", "difference": "Contains radioactive tritium rather than only stable hydrogen isotopes." }, { "name": "Oxygen-18-enriched water", "difference": "Its isotopic enrichment concerns oxygen rather than necessarily deuterium." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of heavy water this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which authoritative definition and enrichment convention should delimit heavy water from more broadly deuterium-enriched water in this registry?", "Which verified identifiers and reference thermophysical values should be adopted, with what composition, temperature and pressure qualifications?", "Which assay methods and conversion assumptions adequately relate atom % D to D2O/HDO/H2O fractions for the grades this catalogue will represent?", "Which application specifications should define supported grades, acceptance limits and requalification triggers?", "Which current jurisdiction-specific sources establish safety classifications, any exposure limits and transfer controls, and how do these differ for unused and reactor-exposed lots?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 17, "questions": 27 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a heavy water, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise heavy water, assess its isotopic and chemical condition, and determine its suitability for a specified use.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Doubly labeled water.", "1 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 70 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a heavy water, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Doubly labeled water" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 70 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 1 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one heavy water from another, and a heavy water from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a heavy water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a heavy water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a heavy water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a heavy water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a heavy water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a heavy water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a heavy water sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a heavy water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a heavy water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a heavy water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a heavy water from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a heavy water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a heavy water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a heavy water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a heavy water is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a heavy water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a heavy water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a heavy water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a heavy water is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a heavy water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a heavy water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a heavy water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a heavy water is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a heavy water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a heavy water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a heavy water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a heavy water is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a heavy water is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a heavy water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a heavy water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a heavy water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a heavy water is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a heavy water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a heavy water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a heavy water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a heavy water passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a heavy water between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a heavy water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a heavy water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a heavy water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a heavy water, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a heavy water is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a heavy water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a heavy water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a heavy water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a heavy water and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a heavy water is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a heavy water performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a heavy water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a heavy water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a heavy water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a heavy water.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a heavy water at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a heavy water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a heavy water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a heavy water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a heavy water there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a heavy water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a heavy water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a heavy water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What heavy water is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name heavy water unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of heavy water exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How heavy water behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of heavy water, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is heavy water incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How heavy water can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is heavy water classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover heavy water, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a heavy water came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a heavy water and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a heavy water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a heavy water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a heavy water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a heavy water is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a heavy water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a heavy water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a heavy water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }