{ "model": { "rank": 4186, "code": "thing-q159774", "model_id": "vr.tr.cappuccino", "name": "cappuccino", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a cappuccino, assess its composition and serving condition, and decide whether to serve, adjust, remake or discard it.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q159774/", "tier": 2, "score": 77, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "freddo cappuccino", "cafe breva" ], "aliasCount": 2, "merged": 2, "knownIn": 77, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q159774", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159774", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T19:39:53Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 17.7, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087ae-2435-78b1-a2c3-9162ebe4ea32\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: cappuccino\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.MAT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 regis", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 61.7, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087ae-2443-7ad1-a873-52673357c648\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: cappuccino\nRegistry id: vr.tr.cappuccino\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nCo" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q159774", "registryId": "vr.tr.cappuccino", "name": "cappuccino", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q159774/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.cappuccino", "name": "cappuccino", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a cappuccino, assess its composition and serving condition, and decide whether to serve, adjust, remake or discard it.", "definition": "Cappuccino is an espresso-based beverage prepared with steamed milk and milk foam, conventionally served hot, whose composition and serving size vary by preparation tradition.", "scope_statement": "This model owns cappuccino as a prepared espresso-based beverage combining a milk component and milk foam, including declared variants, recipe conformance and the changing condition of an individual serving; it does not prescribe one universal ratio or serving size.", "in_scope": [ "Identity of the serving as cappuccino under a declared recipe or preparation tradition", "Espresso, dairy milk or declared substitute, and optional additions present in the beverage", "Relative amounts and integration of coffee, liquid milk and foam", "Foam texture, stability and beverage sensory condition", "Preparation history, serving temperature and suitability for the intended recipient" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Coffee cultivation, processing and roasting as independent activities", "Milk production and plant-based beverage manufacture", "Espresso machines, grinders and steam wands as equipment", "Café operations, pricing and menu management", "The drinking vessel as a manufactured object", "Individual medical conditions and dietary treatment plans" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Check that the coffee component is espresso; instant cappuccino mixes or similarly named products require an explicit boundary decision.", "Assess milk quantity and foam prominence against the declared cappuccino recipe when distinguishing it from a latte or flat white; the menu name alone is insufficient.", "Check that milk and foam form substantial components of the serving rather than merely marking an espresso, as in an espresso macchiato.", "Distinguish foam made from the milk component from a topping of whipped cream that may indicate another beverage or a named variant.", "Separate a prepared cappuccino serving from dry powders, bottled products and flavourings sold with the cappuccino name." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Declared recipe or tradition", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Named recipe, venue specification or preparation tradition, with version where available", "why_it_matters": "Provides the reference for judging identity and conformance without assuming universal proportions." }, { "name": "Coffee component", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Espresso; other coffee preparation; unknown, with regular or decaffeinated declaration", "why_it_matters": "Establishes the beverage base and identifies departures requiring clarification." }, { "name": "Espresso amount", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "g of extracted beverage; shot count only with its recipe definition", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of coffee-to-milk balance without treating every shot as equivalent." }, { "name": "Milk component", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Dairy milk type or named plant-based substitute, product identity and declared blend", "why_it_matters": "Affects taste, foaming behaviour and recipient suitability." }, { "name": "Milk input amount", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "g or mL before aeration, with measurement basis recorded", "why_it_matters": "Allows recipe comparison without confusing introduced air with added milk." }, { "name": "Finished serving quantity", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "g net beverage mass or mL occupied volume, with method and observation time", "why_it_matters": "Separates actual portion size from cup capacity and time-dependent foam volume." }, { "name": "Foam condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Fine or coarse visible bubbles; integrated or separated; stable or collapsing, with observation time", "why_it_matters": "Captures a defining part of cappuccino texture and its deterioration." }, { "name": "Foam depth", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mm, with vessel geometry, method and time after preparation", "why_it_matters": "Supports comparison with the chosen recipe while acknowledging that depth alone does not establish foam quality." }, { "name": "Beverage temperature", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "°C at a recorded location and time", "why_it_matters": "Informs serving readiness, thermal exposure and comparison with the requested temperature." }, { "name": "Preparation and holding history", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Linked preparation time, milk handling record and subsequent holding events", "why_it_matters": "Supports decisions about freshness and food handling that appearance cannot settle." }, { "name": "Additions and allergen evidence", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Ingredient declarations for milk, substitutes, toppings and sweeteners, plus known cross-contact information", "why_it_matters": "Prevents an agent from inferring dietary suitability from the beverage name." } ], "affordances": [ "Compare a serving with its declared cappuccino recipe and identify deviations.", "Select and record an appropriate milk component for an explicit recipient request.", "Assess coffee-to-milk balance and foam condition to guide a permitted adjustment or remake.", "Determine serving readiness using measured temperature and preparation history.", "Communicate ingredients, additions and unresolved cross-contact information.", "Withhold or discard a serving when applicable handling rules or recipient requirements are not met." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "cappuccino-identity", "name": "Cappuccino identity", "description": "Establishes which cappuccino interpretation governs the serving and where neighbouring beverage identities begin.", "rationale": "Cappuccino recognition requires both observable composition and a declared reference for variable preparation conventions.", "layers": [ { "id": "recipe-reference", "name": "Recipe reference", "description": "Connects the serving to the recipe or tradition used to judge it.", "findings": [ { "id": "declared-cappuccino-profile", "name": "Declared cappuccino profile", "description": "Record the intended espresso, milk and foam profile without treating a proposed ratio as universal.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which recipe or preparation tradition defines cappuccino for this serving?", "kind": "definition", "id": "declared-cappuccino-profile-q01" }, { "text": "Where does that reference specify portion size, milk amount and expected foam character?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "declared-cappuccino-profile-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "neighbouring-beverages", "name": "Neighbouring beverages", "description": "Tests the boundary against other espresso-and-milk drinks and cappuccino-labelled products.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-boundary-tests", "name": "Identity boundary tests", "description": "Use the preparation method and milk-foam profile to distinguish the serving from nearby beverage types.", "questions": [ { "text": "Under the selected reference, what observable differences separate this serving from a latte, flat white or espresso macchiato?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "identity-boundary-tests-q01" }, { "text": "Does a cold, instant, bottled or cream-topped version remain a cappuccino variant under this model, or require a neighbouring product model?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "identity-boundary-tests-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "espresso-milk-composition", "name": "Espresso and milk composition", "description": "Describes the actual coffee base, milk component and additions in the serving.", "rationale": "A cappuccino is a prepared food mixture whose composition cannot be represented adequately by a single chemical identity or the drink name.", "layers": [ { "id": "coffee-base", "name": "Coffee base", "description": "Identifies the espresso portion and the evidence supporting its recorded amount.", "findings": [ { "id": "espresso-contribution", "name": "Espresso contribution", "description": "Record the espresso preparation reference, extracted amount and regular or decaffeinated declaration.", "questions": [ { "text": "What espresso preparation record establishes the coffee base used in this serving?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "espresso-contribution-q01" }, { "text": "What mass of espresso entered the cup, and how does it compare with the intended recipe?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "espresso-contribution-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "milk-and-additions", "name": "Milk and additions", "description": "Tracks the milk or substitute and any ingredients added beyond the basic coffee-and-milk preparation.", "findings": [ { "id": "milk-mixture-record", "name": "Milk mixture record", "description": "Identify the milk product, its introduced quantity and all toppings or sweeteners that change the serving.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which dairy milk or substitute product was used, and what ingredient declaration supports that identification?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "milk-mixture-record-q01" }, { "text": "How much milk entered the drink, and was that quantity measured before or after aeration?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "milk-mixture-record-q02" }, { "text": "Which sweeteners, cocoa, spices or other additions are present, and were they requested?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "milk-mixture-record-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "foam-and-sensory-condition", "name": "Foam and sensory condition", "description": "Captures the foam structure and drinking qualities of the finished cappuccino as they change after preparation.", "rationale": "Ingredient quantities alone cannot establish whether the cappuccino has the intended texture and coffee-milk balance.", "layers": [ { "id": "foam-structure", "name": "Foam structure", "description": "Assesses bubble texture, foam prominence and separation using time-specific observations.", "findings": [ { "id": "foam-profile", "name": "Foam profile", "description": "Record foam observations relative to the intended style and elapsed time since preparation.", "questions": [ { "text": "At what time after preparation were foam depth, visible bubble size and separation assessed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "foam-profile-q01" }, { "text": "Does the observed foam match the intended cappuccino profile, and what evidence would justify a remake?", "kind": "action", "id": "foam-profile-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "drinking-quality", "name": "Drinking quality", "description": "Evaluates the combined beverage rather than assuming that acceptable ingredients guarantee an acceptable result.", "findings": [ { "id": "coffee-milk-balance", "name": "Coffee-milk balance", "description": "Record assessed coffee prominence, sweetness, bitterness and mouthfeel against the recipe and recipient request.", "questions": [ { "text": "How does the observed coffee prominence and milk texture compare with the stated target, and who made the assessment?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "coffee-milk-balance-q01" }, { "text": "Do reported defects call for a permitted adjustment, a new serving or investigation of the espresso or milk preparation?", "kind": "action", "id": "coffee-milk-balance-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "serving-and-recipient-fit", "name": "Serving and recipient fit", "description": "Combines temperature, handling evidence and recipient requirements to determine whether the serving may be handed over.", "rationale": "A cappuccino can match its recipe yet be unsuitable because of its temperature, handling history or ingredients.", "layers": [ { "id": "temperature-and-holding", "name": "Temperature and holding", "description": "Records the current temperature and the preparation history needed for serving decisions.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-readiness", "name": "Service readiness", "description": "Evaluate the beverage against the requested serving condition and applicable milk-handling rules.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is the measured beverage temperature at the decision time, and where was it measured?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "service-readiness-q01" }, { "text": "What milk handling, preparation and holding evidence supports serving or discarding this cappuccino under the applicable rules?", "kind": "action", "id": "service-readiness-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "recipient-requirements", "name": "Recipient requirements", "description": "Checks the actual ingredients and preparation against explicit dietary and ingredient requests.", "findings": [ { "id": "order-and-ingredient-fit", "name": "Order and ingredient fit", "description": "Verify milk choice, coffee declaration, additions and cross-contact evidence without inferring suitability from labels alone.", "questions": [ { "text": "Do the recorded milk component, regular or decaffeinated coffee and additions match the recipient's explicit order?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "order-and-ingredient-fit-q01" }, { "text": "What ingredient and shared-equipment evidence supports any allergen-related statement about this serving?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "order-and-ingredient-fit-q02" }, { "text": "If a requirement cannot be verified, should the agent clarify it, remake the drink or withhold the serving?", "kind": "action", "id": "order-and-ingredient-fit-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This describes the prepared beverage, a variable mixture, rather than a pure chemical substance with a single chemical identifier.", "Serving volume, milk temperature and foam proportions are customary ranges, not universal specifications; the equal-thirds recipe is a simplification.", "No sources were consulted; any formal certification requirements, nutritional values or jurisdiction-specific food rules need verification." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of cappuccino this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Traditional hot cappuccino", "Dry cappuccino, with more foam and less liquid milk", "Wet cappuccino, with more liquid milk and less foam" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of cappuccino this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Prepared to order in cafés and restaurants", "Prepared at home using espresso and milk-steaming equipment", "Consumed as a breakfast beverage or during coffee breaks" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of cappuccino this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Traditional serving volume, including foam", "typical_range": "Approximately 150-180", "unit": "mL" }, { "quantity": "Milk temperature at completion of steaming", "typical_range": "Approximately 55-65", "unit": "°C" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of cappuccino this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Hot liquid can cause scalding.", "Dairy versions contain milk allergens; alternative ingredients may introduce other allergens.", "Caffeine content varies with the coffee dose and preparation.", "Inadequate refrigeration or unhygienic handling of milk can allow microbial growth.", "Overheating milk or producing coarse, unstable foam can impair flavour and texture." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of cappuccino this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Italian service commonly uses a relatively small cup and associates cappuccino with breakfast.", "International café chains often offer larger servings and flavoured versions.", "Some markets use the name for instant mixes or cold beverages that differ from the conventional espresso-and-steamed-milk preparation." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of cappuccino this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Caffè latte", "difference": "Typically contains more milk relative to espresso and a thinner foam layer." }, { "name": "Flat white", "difference": "Typically has a thinner layer of fine milk foam; serving sizes and recipes overlap." }, { "name": "Espresso macchiato", "difference": "Espresso marked with a small amount of milk or foam rather than the larger milk component of cappuccino." }, { "name": "Espresso", "difference": "Contains no added milk or milk foam." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of cappuccino this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which documented cappuccino traditions or standards should serve as reference profiles, and where do their portion and foam requirements differ?", "Should plant-based, iced, instant and packaged cappuccino-labelled products be variants within this entry or linked neighbouring concepts?", "Which practical measurement methods can reliably compare milk amount and foam prominence across different vessels and observation times?", "Which jurisdictional and venue-specific rules govern milk handling, holding, reuse and discard for the intended deployment?", "Does the existing Vercy catalogue already contain a cappuccino world model or a broader espresso-and-milk beverage model that this entry must link to or specialise?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 15, "questions": 25 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a cappuccino, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise a cappuccino, assess its composition and serving condition, and decide whether to serve, adjust, remake or discard it.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: freddo cappuccino, cafe breva.", "2 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 77 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a cappuccino, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "freddo cappuccino", "cafe breva" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 77 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 2 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one cappuccino from another, and a cappuccino from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a cappuccino, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a cappuccino, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a cappuccino is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a cappuccino, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a cappuccino, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a cappuccino is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a cappuccino sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a cappuccino, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a cappuccino, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a cappuccino is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a cappuccino from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a cappuccino, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a cappuccino, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a cappuccino is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a cappuccino is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a cappuccino, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a cappuccino, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a cappuccino is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a cappuccino is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a cappuccino, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a cappuccino, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a cappuccino is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a cappuccino is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a cappuccino, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a cappuccino, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a cappuccino is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a cappuccino is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a cappuccino is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a cappuccino, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a cappuccino, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a cappuccino is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a cappuccino is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a cappuccino, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a cappuccino, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a cappuccino is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a cappuccino passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a cappuccino between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a cappuccino, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a cappuccino, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a cappuccino is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a cappuccino, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a cappuccino is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a cappuccino, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a cappuccino, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a cappuccino is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a cappuccino and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a cappuccino is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a cappuccino performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a cappuccino, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a cappuccino, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a cappuccino is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a cappuccino.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a cappuccino at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a cappuccino, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a cappuccino, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a cappuccino is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a cappuccino there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a cappuccino, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a cappuccino, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a cappuccino is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What cappuccino is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name cappuccino unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of cappuccino exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How cappuccino behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of cappuccino, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is cappuccino incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How cappuccino can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is cappuccino classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover cappuccino, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a cappuccino came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a cappuccino and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a cappuccino, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a cappuccino, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a cappuccino is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a cappuccino is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a cappuccino, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a cappuccino, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a cappuccino is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }