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Research draft

negligence

vr.tr.negligence · XCT.TME

Let an agent explain negligence, relay elements, forms, defences and differences between legal systems from legal sources, describe the named forms, route individual cases to qualified lawyers, and distinguish negligence from intentional torts, strict liability, recklessness and professional malpractice as a subtype, without giving legal advice.

Thing Registry Cross-cutting context

Research draft, second pass

A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.

written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify

Researched by: Claude

Purpose and description

Let an agent explain negligence, relay elements, forms, defences and differences between legal systems from legal sources, describe the named forms, route individual cases to qualified lawyers, and distinguish negligence from intentional torts, strict liability, recklessness and professional malpractice as a subtype, without giving legal advice.

A failure to take the care that a reasonable person would take in the circumstances, a central concept in tort law, where a negligence claim usually requires a duty of care, breach, causation and damage, and also relevant in criminal law, where gross or criminal negligence causing serious harm or death can be prosecuted; forms the registry aliases name include gross negligence, a serious departure from reasonable care, and mala praxis, the Spanish and Latin term for professional malpractice. Defences and doctrines such as contributory and comparative negligence and vicarious liability differ between common law and civil law systems, and specific cases need advice from a qualified lawyer.

What it is for: Allocating responsibility for careless harm.

It can be explain elements; relay forms and defences; describe named forms; route individual cases.

Distinguishing features

Reasonable person standard

Fault-based liability

Civil and criminal forms

System-specific doctrines

What it looks like

Not a physical object; arises in court judgments, claims and insurance.

Physical character

Donoghue v Stevenson: 1932 year - UK duty of care case

Palsgraf v Long Island Railroad: 1928 year - US proximate cause case

elements: duty, breach, causation, damage list - common law

How it is recognised

Failure to take reasonable care

Gross negligence, mala praxis

Intentional torts involve intent; strict liability needs no fault; recklessness is conscious risk-taking; malpractice is professional negligence

Related models

is a kind of - related

tort

includes -

medical malpractice

is contrasted with -

strict liability

is contrasted with -

recklessness

In practice

Families and kinds

ordinary negligence

gross negligence

professional negligence or malpractice

criminal negligence

contributory and comparative negligence

Standards and regulation

National tort and civil codes

Criminal codes on negligent homicide

Professional regulation for malpractice

Failure modes and hazards

Giving legal advice

Mixing jurisdictions

Missing limitation periods

Also called

gross negligenceMala Praxis

Where this came from

wikidata · CC0 1.0

Also registered as vr.tr.negligence-attribute

Drafted structure

Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.

Understand What negligence is.

Regulation.

Definition

Definition.

Definition

Definition.

  1. What is negligence, and how does it differ from intentional torts, strict liability, recklessness and malpractice? definition
  2. Does someone have a potential claim or charge, in which case a qualified lawyer should advise promptly because time limits apply? boundary

Forms

Named forms.

Forms

Forms.

  1. What are gross negligence and mala praxis? definition
  2. Which entry fits the specific form? action
Elements Elements.

Regulation.

Duty

Duty and breach.

Duty

Duty.

  1. How do courts decide whether a duty of care exists and was breached? provenance
  2. Which references are standard? provenance

Causation

Causation and damage.

Causation

Causation.

  1. How are causation and remoteness of damage assessed? provenance
  2. Which sources are cited? provenance
Systems Legal systems.

Regulation.

Defences

Defences.

Defences

Defences.

  1. How do contributory and comparative negligence differ between jurisdictions? provenance
  2. Is the information current? boundary

Civil law

Civil law systems.

Civil law

Civil law.

  1. How do civil codes such as the French Civil Code handle fault liability? provenance
  2. Which entry fits civil code? action
Context Debates.

Attribution.

Tort reform

Tort reform debate.

Tort reform

Tort reform.

  1. What do supporters and critics of tort reform argue, with positions attributed? provenance
  2. Is the presentation neutral and attributed? boundary

Medical malpractice

Medical negligence.

Medical malpractice

Medical malpractice.

  1. How are medical negligence claims handled, in general terms? provenance
  2. Which entry fits medical malpractice? action

What the second pass must settle

  • Should malpractice be a separate entry?
  • How should civil law equivalents be linked?
  • Should criminal negligence be a separate entry?