{ "model": { "rank": 3140, "code": "thing-q160184", "model_id": "vr.tr.flatulence", "name": "flatulence", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise reported or observed passage of intestinal gas through the anus, assess its pattern and impact, and identify appropriate recording, support or further assessment.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.KNW", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q160184/", "tier": 2, "score": 90, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "silent fart", "high-altitude flatus expulsion" ], "aliasCount": 2, "merged": 2, "knownIn": 90, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.flatulence", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q160184", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160184", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T15:05:07Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.0138771, "turns": 1, "seconds": 160.1, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 66.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c61-f6d5-7a82-8d56-a50450fcf9ca\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: flatulence\nRegistry id: vr.tr.flatulence\nPlane / domain: XCT / XCT.STA\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA V" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q160184", "registryId": "vr.tr.flatulence", "name": "flatulence", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.STA" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q160184/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.flatulence", "name": "flatulence", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise reported or observed passage of intestinal gas through the anus, assess its pattern and impact, and identify appropriate recording, support or further assessment.", "definition": "Anal expulsion of flatus: a variable mixture of swallowed nitrogen (with residual oxygen) that has reached the colon, plus hydrogen, carbon dioxide, methane and trace sulfur gases generated by colonic microbiota fermenting unabsorbed carbohydrate and protein.", "scope_statement": "This model owns flatulence as an event or recurring pattern of anal gas passage, including its evidence, timing, perceived qualities, controllability, associated context and effects on the person.", "in_scope": [ "Individual gas-passage events and recurring patterns", "Reported or observed evidence, including uncertainty about occurrence", "Frequency, timing, perceived sound and odour", "Awareness, ability to defer passage and unwanted episodes", "Associated sensations, activity disruption and social impact", "Temporal associations with intake, bowel activity and changes in routine" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Belching and other gas release through the mouth", "Bloating or abdominal distension without established anal gas passage", "Underlying digestive diseases and their diagnostic models", "Faecal incontinence and stool characteristics beyond their association with a gas event", "Food, medication and supplement models, including prescribing decisions", "Ambient odour or air-quality events without evidence of bodily gas passage" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "The reported route is through the anus; gas released through the mouth belongs to belching.", "An event concerns passage of gas; abdominal fullness or visible enlargement alone does not establish flatulence.", "Sound or odour alone is insufficient when its source cannot be established, and their absence does not exclude a reported event.", "Passage of stool or mucus is recorded separately, even when it occurs alongside gas.", "Unwanted gas passage is distinguished from deliberate passage by the person's awareness, intention and ability to defer it." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Occurrence evidence", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "person-reported | directly observed | instrument-recorded | uncertain; multiple values permitted", "why_it_matters": "Separates an established report or observation from inference based only on sound, odour or abdominal sensation." }, { "name": "Event frequency", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "events per stated observation interval, with counting method and coverage", "why_it_matters": "Supports comparison while exposing incomplete observation and inconsistent counting." }, { "name": "Pattern relative to personal baseline", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "unchanged | increased | decreased | newly noticed | unknown", "why_it_matters": "Captures meaningful change without assuming a universal normal frequency." }, { "name": "Timing and clustering", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "event timestamps, cluster duration in minutes, or approximate time windows", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes isolated passage from repeated episodes and supports contextual comparison." }, { "name": "Perceived sensory qualities", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "sound and odour each recorded as unnoticed | noticed | bothersome | unknown, with observer attribution", "why_it_matters": "Records the experience without treating subjective qualities as measured gas composition or volume." }, { "name": "Control over passage", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "deliberate | successfully deferred | unwanted despite awareness | occurred without prior awareness | unclear", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes frequency concerns from concerns about awareness or control." }, { "name": "Associated sensations", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "linked reports of pressure, bloating, pain or relief, each with timing and person attribution", "why_it_matters": "Connects gas passage with the person's experience without merging distinct symptoms." }, { "name": "Functional and social impact", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "none reported | discomfort | embarrassment | interrupted activity | avoidance; multiple values permitted", "why_it_matters": "Makes burden assessable independently of the number of events." }, { "name": "Contextual association", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "time-linked meals, drinks, medicines, supplements, bowel movements, posture or activity; causal status unestablished unless separately supported", "why_it_matters": "Supports investigation without turning coincidence into a cause." } ], "affordances": [ "Record a gas-passage event while preserving evidence, privacy preferences and uncertainty.", "Summarise frequency and clustering over a clearly defined observation period.", "Compare the current pattern, control and burden with the person's own baseline.", "Explore time-linked contexts without asserting that they caused the flatulence.", "Track the outcome of a person-chosen or clinician-directed management change.", "Prepare a symptom summary for further assessment using an external, validated clinical decision policy." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "niddk-gas", "title": "Gas in the Digestive Tract. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIH).", "url": "https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/gas-digestive-tract", "what_it_supports": "Clinical framing of intestinal gas as swallowed air plus colonic fermentation; everyday frequency and dietary triggers.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "tomlin-1991-gut", "title": "Investigation of normal flatus production in healthy volunteers. Gut (BMJ Publishing Group), 1991.", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Measured 24-hour volume and passage counts in healthy adults; basis for typical volume and frequency ranges." }, { "id": "suarez-1998-gut", "title": "Identification of gases responsible for the odour of human flatus and evaluation of a device purported to reduce this odour. Gut (BMJ Publishing Group), 1998.", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Sulfur gases as the odorants of flatus; distinction of malodorous from largely odorless nitrogen/hydrogen/methane mixtures." }, { "id": "rezaie-2017-ajg", "title": "Hydrogen and Methane-Based Breath Testing in Gastrointestinal Disorders: The North American Consensus. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2017.", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Standardized clinical measurement of the fermentative gases that make up most flatus; hydrogen versus methane producer phenotypes." }, { "id": "icd10cm-r14", "title": "ICD-10-CM R14.3 Flatulence. CDC National Center for Health Statistics.", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Official clinical classification of flatulence as a symptom code, distinct from eructation and gaseous distension." }, { "id": "wikidata-q160289", "title": "flatulence (Q160289). Wikidata.", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160289", "what_it_supports": "Canonical public identifier and crosswalks to MeSH and other catalogues.", "url_status": "live" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "gas-passage-recognition", "name": "Gas passage recognition", "description": "Establishes whether the record concerns anal gas passage and how that conclusion was reached.", "rationale": "Flatulence can be confused with abdominal sensations, belching or an unexplained sound or smell.", "layers": [ { "id": "route-and-material", "name": "Route and material", "description": "Identifies the reported exit route and distinguishes gas from accompanying material.", "findings": [ { "id": "anal-gas-event", "name": "Anal gas event", "description": "A candidate event must be characterised by reported or observed anal gas passage rather than by a nonspecific sensation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Was gas reported or observed passing through the anus, or was only pressure, sound or odour noticed?", "kind": "definition", "id": "anal-gas-event-q01" }, { "text": "Was stool, mucus or another material also passed and therefore in need of a separate linked record?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "anal-gas-event-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-event-boundaries", "name": "Evidence and event boundaries", "description": "Preserves who identified the passage and how individual releases were counted.", "findings": [ { "id": "attributed-event-record", "name": "Attributed event record", "description": "The record distinguishes direct experience, external observation and uncertain inference, and makes its event-counting convention explicit.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who reported or observed the passage, and what evidence supports identifying it as flatulence?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "attributed-event-record-q01" }, { "text": "Were closely spaced releases counted separately or as one episode, and could any records describe the same event?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "attributed-event-record-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "passage-pattern-and-qualities", "name": "Passage pattern and qualities", "description": "Describes how often gas passes, when it occurs and which qualities are actually known.", "rationale": "A useful flatulence record must separate measured patterns from impressions of amount, loudness or smell.", "layers": [ { "id": "frequency-and-baseline", "name": "Frequency and baseline", "description": "Quantifies passage within an observation window and compares it with prior experience.", "findings": [ { "id": "observed-frequency-change", "name": "Observed frequency change", "description": "Counts or estimates are interpretable only alongside observation coverage and a stated comparison period.", "questions": [ { "text": "How many events or episodes occurred during what interval, and which parts of that interval were unobserved?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "observed-frequency-change-q01" }, { "text": "How does this compare with the person's usual pattern, and when was the change first noticed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "observed-frequency-change-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "sound-odour-and-amount", "name": "Sound, odour and amount", "description": "Records perceived qualities while keeping them distinct from physical measurements.", "findings": [ { "id": "sensory-report-limits", "name": "Sensory report limits", "description": "Sound, odour and perceived amount retain their observer and measurement status rather than serving as proxies for gas composition or volume.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which qualities were noticed, by whom, and were they merely detectable or bothersome?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "sensory-report-limits-q01" }, { "text": "Is any stated gas amount directly measured, a subjective estimate or unknown?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "sensory-report-limits-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "awareness-control-and-burden", "name": "Awareness, control and burden", "description": "Captures whether passage was anticipated or wanted and what effects it had.", "rationale": "Similar passage frequencies can have different significance depending on control, discomfort and disruption.", "layers": [ { "id": "awareness-and-deferral", "name": "Awareness and deferral", "description": "Separates intention, advance awareness and the ability to postpone passage.", "findings": [ { "id": "wanted-and-unwanted-passage", "name": "Wanted and unwanted passage", "description": "An episode can be deliberate, unwanted despite awareness or noticed only after it occurred.", "questions": [ { "text": "Was the person aware that gas was about to pass, and did they intend to release it?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "wanted-and-unwanted-passage-q01" }, { "text": "If the person tried to postpone passage, were they able to do so?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "wanted-and-unwanted-passage-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "sensations-and-disruption", "name": "Sensations and disruption", "description": "Connects passage to reported sensations and consequences in daily life.", "findings": [ { "id": "experienced-burden", "name": "Experienced burden", "description": "Physical sensations and social effects are recorded as experienced, including whether passage changes discomfort.", "questions": [ { "text": "What pressure, bloating or pain was reported before and after passage, and did it improve, worsen or remain unchanged?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "experienced-burden-q01" }, { "text": "Did the episode interrupt an activity, cause embarrassment or lead the person to avoid a situation?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "experienced-burden-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context-and-response", "name": "Context and response", "description": "Links the passage pattern to relevant circumstances and supports review of possible next steps.", "rationale": "Acting on flatulence requires contextual evidence, explicit uncertainty and outcomes that reflect the person's concern.", "layers": [ { "id": "temporal-associations", "name": "Temporal associations", "description": "Records candidate associations with intake, bowel activity and routine without assigning unsupported causes.", "findings": [ { "id": "candidate-pattern-associations", "name": "Candidate pattern associations", "description": "A proposed trigger remains a hypothesis unless the available evidence supports a stronger conclusion.", "questions": [ { "text": "What meals, drinks, medicines, supplements, bowel movements or activities preceded the episodes, and by how long?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "candidate-pattern-associations-q01" }, { "text": "Does the association recur across comparable observations, and what other changes could explain it?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "candidate-pattern-associations-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "management-and-assessment", "name": "Management and assessment", "description": "Tracks authorised responses and identifies when decisions need a neighbouring clinical model.", "findings": [ { "id": "response-outcome-and-handoff", "name": "Response outcome and handoff", "description": "A response is linked to its intended benefit and observed outcome; diagnosis and clinical escalation criteria remain externally governed.", "questions": [ { "text": "What person-chosen or clinician-directed change was tried, when, and what happened to frequency, control or burden?", "kind": "action", "id": "response-outcome-and-handoff-q01" }, { "text": "Do accompanying symptoms or changes meet an applicable validated policy for further assessment, and which policy supports that decision?", "kind": "action", "id": "response-outcome-and-handoff-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Physiologic dietary-fermentation flatus from residual fibre, oligosaccharides and resistant starch", "Nitrogen-rich swallowed-air flatus from aerophagia", "Hydrogen-producer microbial phenotype", "Methane-producer phenotype (methanogen-dominant colonic gas)", "Sulfurous malodorous flatus (hydrogen sulfide, methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide)", "Carbohydrate-malabsorption flatus (lactose, fructose, polyols and other FODMAPs)", "Drug- or prebiotic-induced flatus (lactulose, acarbose, inulin and similar substrates)", "Disease-associated excess (small-intestinal bacterial overgrowth, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, celiac disease, IBS)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of flatulence this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q160289", "note": "Item for flatulence as a physiological phenomenon and symptom." }, { "scheme": "ICD-10-CM", "value_or_pattern": "R14.3", "note": "Flatulence; parent R14 covers gaseous digestive symptoms including distension (R14.0), gas pain (R14.1) and eructation (R14.2)." }, { "scheme": "ICD-10", "value_or_pattern": "R14", "note": "WHO ICD-10 block 'Flatulence and related conditions' (not split to R14.3 in all national modifications)." }, { "scheme": "MeSH", "value_or_pattern": "D005414", "note": "MeSH heading Flatulence." }, { "scheme": "UMLS CUI", "value_or_pattern": "C0016204", "note": "UMLS concept for flatulence." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of flatulence this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "ICD-10-CM R14.0-R14.3 (CDC / NCHS) - coding of gaseous digestive symptoms, with R14.3 specifically for flatulence.", "SNOMED CT (SNOMED International) - clinical findings for flatulence and excessive flatus used in EHRs.", "North American Consensus on Hydrogen and Methane-Based Breath Testing, 2017 (published in the American Journal of Gastroenterology) - protocol for measuring fermentative hydrogen and methane that constitute most flatus.", "Rome IV (Rome Foundation) - functional bloating and abdominal distension as related but separate constructs; flatulence is not a standalone Rome disorder.", "Endoscopy electrosurgery safety practice (ASGE and related GI society guidance) - combustible colonic hydrogen/methane must be evacuated before spark-gap or diathermy use." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of flatulence this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Presenting complaint and quality-of-life issue in primary care and gastroenterology, often with IBS or food-intolerance workups.", "Outcome measure in low-FODMAP, lactase and alpha-galactosidase (e.g. bean-enzyme) dietary trials.", "Indirectly assessed by hydrogen/methane breath tests for carbohydrate malabsorption and small-intestinal bacterial overgrowth.", "Managed on ostomies with charcoal or odor-filter flatus pouches.", "Social, occupational and etiquette problem; also a staple of comedy and folk medicine." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of flatulence this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "24-hour flatus volume (healthy adults)", "typical_range": "500-1500 (reported extremes about 200-2000)", "unit": "mL" }, { "quantity": "Passage frequency", "typical_range": "8-20", "unit": "expulsions per day" }, { "quantity": "Nitrogen fraction of flatus", "typical_range": "20-90", "unit": "volume percent" }, { "quantity": "Hydrogen fraction of flatus", "typical_range": "0-50", "unit": "volume percent" }, { "quantity": "Methane fraction of flatus (producers; often undetectable in non-producers)", "typical_range": "0-10", "unit": "volume percent" }, { "quantity": "Hydrogen sulfide in odorous flatus", "typical_range": "parts-per-million (odor-determining; air odor threshold ~0.5 ppb)", "unit": "ppm" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of flatulence this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Social distress, avoidance and reduced quality of life even when volumes are physiologically normal.", "Marker of underlying maldigestion, enzyme deficiency, SIBO or motility disorder when sudden, extreme or accompanied by weight loss or steatorrhea.", "Intraluminal explosion during colonoscopic or surgical electrosurgery if hydrogen or methane remains in the combustible range in an unprepared bowel.", "Flatus incontinence after anal-sphincter injury, childbirth or neuropathy, distinct from voluntary passage.", "Misattribution of obstruction, ischemia or bloating as 'just gas'." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of flatulence this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Clinical and colloquial naming: US 'gas' versus UK, Irish and Australian 'wind'; many languages separate a clinical term from a taboo colloquialism.", "Lactase non-persistence (hence lactose-related flatus) is the majority adult phenotype in East Asia, much of Africa and many Indigenous American populations, and a minority in northern Europe.", "High-legume staple diets (e.g. parts of Mexico, India and Africa) raise expected fermentation volume relative to Western low-FODMAP clinic populations.", "Strength of public taboo and willingness to report the symptom in clinic vary widely by culture." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of flatulence this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Eructation (belching)", "difference": "Gas leaves via the mouth from stomach or esophagus; not anal and not primarily colonic fermentation." }, { "name": "Bloating", "difference": "A sensation of trapped gas that need not be accompanied by expulsion; a Rome symptom, not a passage event." }, { "name": "Abdominal distension", "difference": "Objective increase in girth (ICD-10-CM R14.0); can occur with or without flatus." }, { "name": "Vaginal air expulsion", "difference": "Extra-intestinal; typically odorless and unrelated to colonic microbiota." }, { "name": "Fecal incontinence", "difference": "Passage of stool rather than gas; soiling distinguishes it from isolated flatus." }, { "name": "Pneumaturia", "difference": "Gas in urine, indicating fistula or urinary fermentation, not anal expulsion." }, { "name": "Borborygmus", "difference": "Audible movement of gas or fluid in bowel lumen without expulsion through the anus." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of flatulence this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should the registry entry own both individual gas-passage events and the recurring symptom pattern, or link these to separate event and state models?", "What observation methods and counting conventions provide sufficiently reliable frequency estimates without imposing excessive recording burden?", "Which validated measures, if any, should represent flatulence-related bother, odour perception and ability to defer passage?", "Where should ownership of recurrent involuntary gas passage sit relative to continence and pelvic-floor models?", "Which population-specific clinical policies should govern assessment handoffs, and what minimum accompanying information do they require?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 16, "questions": 24 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "discipline or field of knowledge", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a flatulence, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise reported or observed passage of intestinal gas through the anus, assess its pattern and impact, and identify appropriate recording, support or further assessment.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: silent fart, high-altitude flatus expulsion.", "2 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 90 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a flatulence, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says" ], "howItIsRecognised": [], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "silent fart", "high-altitude flatus expulsion" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 90 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 2 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one flatulence from another, and a flatulence from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a flatulence, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a flatulence, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a flatulence is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a flatulence, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a flatulence, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a flatulence is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a flatulence sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a flatulence, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a flatulence, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a flatulence is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a flatulence from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a flatulence, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a flatulence, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a flatulence is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a flatulence passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a flatulence between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a flatulence, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a flatulence, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a flatulence is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a flatulence, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a flatulence is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a flatulence, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a flatulence, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a flatulence is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a flatulence says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a flatulence contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a flatulence, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a flatulence, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a flatulence is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a flatulence and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a flatulence, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a flatulence, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a flatulence is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "subject-and-method", "name": "Subject matter and method", "description": "What flatulence studies and how it establishes anything.", "rationale": "A field is identified by its questions and its methods, and those are what distinguish it from the fields next to it.", "layers": [ { "id": "subject", "name": "Subject matter", "description": "The questions it takes as its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "subject-record", "name": "Questions and objects of study", "description": "What it is about, stated so a neighbouring field can be told apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "subject-record-q01", "text": "What questions and objects does flatulence take as its own?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "subject-record-q02", "text": "Which questions does it share with a neighbouring field, and who claims them?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "method", "name": "Method and evidence", "description": "How claims are established and what counts as evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "method-record", "name": "Methods and standards of evidence", "description": "The methods used and what they are taken to establish.", "questions": [ { "id": "method-record-q01", "text": "By what methods does flatulence establish claims, and what counts as sufficient evidence?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "method-record-q02", "text": "What kind of claim can this field not settle, and where should an agent look instead?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "institutions-and-classification", "name": "Institutions and classification", "description": "Where flatulence is practised and how catalogues place it.", "rationale": "The institutional footprint is the evidence that a field exists as a field rather than as a topic.", "layers": [ { "id": "institutions", "name": "Institutional markers", "description": "Societies, journals, degrees and departments.", "findings": [ { "id": "institution-record", "name": "Bodies and venues", "description": "Where the field organises itself.", "questions": [ { "id": "institution-record-q01", "text": "Which societies, journals or degrees mark flatulence as an established field?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "institution-record-q02", "text": "What would show that it is emerging or dissolving rather than established?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification", "name": "Classification schemes", "description": "Where library and research classifications put it.", "findings": [ { "id": "classification-record", "name": "Codes and their disagreements", "description": "The classification codes that place it, and where they differ.", "questions": [ { "id": "classification-record-q01", "text": "Which classification schemes place flatulence, under what codes?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classification-record-q02", "text": "Where do those schemes disagree about its scope?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a flatulence came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a flatulence and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a flatulence, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a flatulence, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a flatulence is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a flatulence is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a flatulence, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a flatulence, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a flatulence is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }