heresy
Let an agent explain heresy as a concept defined relative to religious authority, describe historical movements and their treatment with attribution, present the perspectives of the judged groups as well as the judging authorities, and distinguish heresy from schism, apostasy and blasphemy.
Bundle → Layer → Finding → Questions Filled
4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions
Concept What heresy means.
Definition
Definition and relativity.
Definition
Definition.
- What is heresy, and why is it defined relative to a judging authority? definition
- Is the question about heresy, schism, apostasy or blasphemy? boundary
Traditions
Across religions.
Traditions
Traditions.
- How do Christianity, Islam and other religions conceive of heresy, in their own terms and with attribution? provenance
- Which entry fits the specific tradition? action
History Historical movements.
Movements
Movements.
Movements
Movements.
- What were the major movements judged heretical, and how did they understand themselves, with attribution? provenance
- Are both the authority and the judged group perspectives presented? boundary
Prosecution
Prosecution.
Prosecution
Prosecution.
- How was heresy prosecuted through councils, inquisitions and secular penalties, as historians describe? provenance
- Which references are standard? provenance
Interpret Interpretation.
Historiography
Historiography.
Historiography
Historiography.
- How have historians reinterpreted heresy and orthodoxy, with positions attributed? provenance
- Is the presentation neutral? boundary
Figurative
Figurative uses.
Figurative
Figurative.
- How is heresy used figuratively, including thoughtcrime in Orwell? provenance
- Which entry fits the specific work or concept? action
Today Modern context.
Law
Law and rights.
Law
Law.
- How do freedom of religion and remaining religious laws treat heresy today, with attribution? provenance
- Which sources are cited? provenance
Communities
Living communities.
Communities
Communities.
- How do communities once judged heretical, such as the Old Believers, exist today? provenance
- Which entry fits the specific community? action
Classifiers Filled
- Family
- Thing Registry
- Category
- Information and virtual systems
- Entry kind
- thing
- Plane
- INF
- Domain
- INF.KNW
- Other names and narrower kinds
- Old Belief, Medieval heretical movements, Wycliffism, Acefalism, thoughtcrime, ilhad, heresy in the Catholic Church, monopsychism, Docetism, heresy in Christianity, Fraticelli, Tirthika
What it is Filled
A belief or doctrine held to contradict the established teaching of a religious community, as judged by its authorities, and the act of holding it, historically prosecuted in Christianity through councils, inquisitions and secular penalties, with movements such as Wycliffism and the medieval heretical movements and, in Eastern Christianity, the Old Believer schism, and with analogues in Islam as ilhad and in other religions; the term is applied from the perspective of the judging authority and is used figuratively for dissent from any orthodoxy, as in the Orwellian thoughtcrime.
Why it exists Filled
Let an agent explain heresy as a concept defined relative to religious authority, describe historical movements and their treatment with attribution, present the perspectives of the judged groups as well as the judging authorities, and distinguish heresy from schism, apostasy and blasphemy.
Distinguishing features Filled
- Relative to an orthodoxy
- Historically prosecuted
- Many named movements
- Figurative modern use
What robots and AI may and may not do Filled
Must not
- Label a living person or group heretical as if it were neutral fact.
- Adopt the judging authority's view as the neutral account.
- Produce content that encourages persecution of people for their beliefs.
- Present contested history as settled.
Only with a human decision
- Publishing content about present-day heresy accusations against named people.
May
- Explain heresy as a judgement made by a religious authority, naming the authority and period.
- Describe how judged groups understood their own beliefs, with sources.
- Distinguish heresy from schism, apostasy and blasphemy.
Moral aspects Filled
- Heresy charges led to torture and execution; accounts must not excuse persecution.
- Religious communities deserve a fair account of their own beliefs.
Who is affected
- Religious minorities
- People accused of heresy
- Believers
Owners Filled
Steward
Nobody owns the concept; each religious community answers for its own judgements.
Links to other meta-models Filled
parent
- Q117850 - registry parent class
- Q124457721 - registry parent class
- Q7311342 - registry parent class
related
- doctrine - in registry terms, as judged
- religious controversy - in registry terms
- religious authority - the orthodoxy
- schism - separation rather than doctrine
What else AI and robots need to interact with it Filled
Identity and identifiers required Filled
- Vercy registry: vr.tr.heresy
- Wikidata: Q160598 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160598)
Direct properties not applicable Not applicable
Not applicable
Plane INF: no invented physical properties.
Recognition optional Filled
- Doctrine judged to contradict established teaching
- Defined from the judging authority perspective
- Schism is separation; apostasy is leaving; blasphemy is insult
- Not a visible object; doctrines, trials and movements recorded in history.
Capabilities and actions required Filled
- explain the concept and its relativity
- describe historical movements with attribution
- present perspectives of all parties
- distinguish from related concepts
Hazards and failure modes required Filled
- Adopting the judging authority perspective as neutral fact
- Ignoring the self-understanding of judged groups
- Conflating heresy with schism, apostasy or blasphemy
- Presenting contested history as settled
Standards and interfaces required Filled
- Canon law and religious law on doctrine
- Historical secular laws against heresy, now abolished in most states
- Freedom of religion protections
Context of use required Filled
- Not applicable; a religious and historical concept.
- early Christian heresies as defined by councils
- medieval heretical movements such as Cathars, Waldensians and Wycliffism
- the Old Believers in Russian Orthodoxy
- heresy concepts in Islam such as ilhad
- heresy in other religions
- figurative heresy and thoughtcrime
Sources Filled
- Wikidata item Q160598: heresy - identity and sense of the item
- Wikipedia: Heresy - general description of the item
Open questions
- Should each movement be a separate entry?
- How should historical sources be linked?
- The registry entry has merged aliases naming movements and a fictional concept; should they be split off?
Machine files
Provenance
thing registry research (pass 2) · unreviewed
Built from: models/things/publications/thing-q160598/spec.json