{ "model": { "rank": 4667, "code": "thing-q161210", "model_id": "vr.tr.formaldehyde", "name": "formaldehyde", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise formaldehyde, assess its chemical form and condition, and determine which uses or handling actions require further evidence or controls.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q161210/", "tier": 2, "score": 73, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "formaldehyde in textile", "Formaldehyde-(14)C" ], "aliasCount": 2, "merged": 2, "knownIn": 73, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.formaldehyde", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q161210", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161210", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:44:59Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 27.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087e9-ae3e-7ae2-a55b-293bcffe2dec\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: formaldehyde\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.MAT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 re", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 66.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087e9-ae4f-7550-9aa8-cafe9d9c54fd\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: formaldehyde\nRegistry id: vr.tr.formaldehyde\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q161210", "registryId": "vr.tr.formaldehyde", "name": "formaldehyde", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q161210/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.formaldehyde", "name": "formaldehyde", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise formaldehyde, assess its chemical form and condition, and determine which uses or handling actions require further evidence or controls.", "definition": "Formaldehyde (methanal, CH₂O) is the simplest aldehyde, a reactive, colourless gas at ordinary room temperature and pressure that readily hydrates in water and forms oligomers and polymers.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the identity and material state of formaldehyde (methanal, CH2O), registered as vr.tr.formaldehyde in PHY / PHY.MAT, including composition, speciation, reactivity, exposure potential and applicable substance-level constraints.", "in_scope": [ "Molecular identity and authoritative chemical identifiers", "Formaldehyde content, purity, water content, stabilisers and impurities", "Phase, solution speciation and physical properties under stated conditions", "Reactivity, stability and suitability for a specified use", "Exposure potential, hazard evidence and jurisdiction-specific restrictions", "Release, transformation and substance-level disposal considerations" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Complete formulations and commercial products containing formaldehyde", "Paraformaldehyde and trioxane as independently identified substances", "Manufacturing plants and formaldehyde production processes", "Finished resins, treated articles and their overall performance", "Clinical diagnosis or treatment of exposed people", "Facility-wide ventilation, monitoring and waste-management systems" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Require the molecular identity H2C=O; distinguish formaldehyde from methanol and formic acid despite their possible presence in related mixtures.", "Distinguish formaldehyde as a substance from formalin as an aqueous preparation whose concentration and stabiliser content must be specified.", "Distinguish measured free molecular formaldehyde from hydrated, oligomeric or otherwise releasable formaldehyde reported by an assay.", "Distinguish formaldehyde from paraformaldehyde and trioxane while recording their relevant precursor or release relationships.", "Treat a formaldehyde-containing resin or an emitting article as a related material, not as an instance of pure formaldehyde." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Chemical identity", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Methanal; CH2O; authoritative CAS, PubChem CID and EC identifiers to verify", "why_it_matters": "Prevents confusion between the molecular substance, solutions and related formaldehyde-releasing substances." }, { "name": "Material presentation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Gas; aqueous preparation; other characterised mixture; temperature and pressure specified", "why_it_matters": "Determines which composition, containment and property evidence applies." }, { "name": "Formaldehyde content", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass fraction %, mol/L or another explicitly defined basis; assay method required", "why_it_matters": "A concentration is meaningful only when its basis and measured chemical pool are known." }, { "name": "Speciation and analytical basis", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Free molecular; hydrated; oligomeric; total assay-equivalent; releasable under specified conditions", "why_it_matters": "These quantities cannot automatically substitute for one another in reactivity or exposure decisions." }, { "name": "Stabiliser and impurity profile", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Methanol, water, formic acid and other identified constituents in mass % or mg/kg", "why_it_matters": "Composition affects stability, suitability and preparation-specific hazards." }, { "name": "Temperature and pressure", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "°C and kPa, with absolute or gauge pressure identified", "why_it_matters": "Provides the conditions needed to interpret phase, volatility and stability." }, { "name": "Physical-property evidence", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Melting and boiling points in °C; vapour pressure in kPa; density in kg/m³; composition and conditions attached", "why_it_matters": "Avoids applying pure-substance constants to an aqueous preparation." }, { "name": "Storage condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Within specification; precipitated; composition drift suspected; degraded; uncharacterised", "why_it_matters": "Supports a decision to use, reassess or quarantine stored material." }, { "name": "Airborne formaldehyde concentration", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "ppm or mg/m³, with temperature, pressure, sampling location, method and averaging time", "why_it_matters": "Allows exposure evidence to be interpreted against an applicable benchmark." }, { "name": "Hazard and exposure-limit applicability", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Classification or limit linked to authority, jurisdiction, date, material composition and averaging period", "why_it_matters": "Prevents an agent from treating one classification or exposure limit as universally applicable." }, { "name": "Use-specific acceptance", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Material lot linked to intended use, required grade, composition tolerances and acceptance evidence", "why_it_matters": "Suitability for synthesis, fixation or another use depends on more than the substance name." } ], "affordances": [ "Resolve substance identity and distinguish formaldehyde from a named preparation or emitting material.", "Compare a characterised lot with the composition and grade required for a proposed use.", "Identify missing evidence before accepting material whose concentration or storage condition has changed.", "Interpret assay and air-monitoring results using their measured chemical pool, units and conditions.", "Retrieve applicable hazard classifications, exposure limits and restrictions for the actual preparation and jurisdiction.", "Route a release or waste stream to an appropriate assessment using its formaldehyde content and accompanying constituents." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-substance-boundaries", "name": "Identity and substance boundaries", "description": "Establish what counts as formaldehyde and how related names and materials connect to it.", "rationale": "Methanal, formalin and formaldehyde-releasing materials must not become interchangeable identities.", "layers": [ { "id": "molecular-and-regulatory-identity", "name": "Molecular and regulatory identity", "description": "Connect the molecular substance to verified names and registry identifiers.", "findings": [ { "id": "methanal-identity", "name": "Methanal identity", "description": "Record the identity H2C=O and verify identifier mappings against authoritative records.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which authoritative records establish the CAS number, PubChem CID and EC number for molecular formaldehyde?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "methanal-identity-q01" }, { "text": "Does each supplied name or identifier denote formaldehyde itself or a preparation containing it?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "methanal-identity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "related-material-boundaries", "name": "Related material boundaries", "description": "Separate the substance from solutions, cyclic or polymeric relatives and emitting articles.", "findings": [ { "id": "formalin-and-releaser-relations", "name": "Formalin and releaser relations", "description": "Represent formalin as a preparation and paraformaldehyde, trioxane and emitting materials through explicit relationships.", "questions": [ { "text": "When a record says formalin, which composition and stabiliser specification does it actually designate?", "kind": "definition", "id": "formalin-and-releaser-relations-q01" }, { "text": "Does the material contain formaldehyde, generate it under specified conditions or merely have a historical association with it?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "formalin-and-releaser-relations-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-speciation", "name": "Composition and speciation", "description": "Describe what a formaldehyde preparation contains and what its analytical results mean.", "rationale": "Reported formaldehyde content can describe different chemical pools, while water and stabilisers affect behaviour.", "layers": [ { "id": "concentration-grade-and-additives", "name": "Concentration, grade and additives", "description": "Characterise the actual preparation rather than relying on its label.", "findings": [ { "id": "composition-basis", "name": "Composition basis", "description": "Record concentration basis, grade, stabilisers and relevant impurities with lot-specific evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "What formaldehyde concentration is reported, on what mass or volume basis, and by which assay?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "composition-basis-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence establishes methanol, water, acidity and other impurity levels for this lot?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "composition-basis-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "aqueous-species-and-assay-meaning", "name": "Aqueous species and assay meaning", "description": "Distinguish molecular formaldehyde from hydrated and oligomeric forms and operationally defined totals.", "findings": [ { "id": "measured-formaldehyde-pool", "name": "Measured formaldehyde pool", "description": "Attach each result to the species or formaldehyde-equivalent pool that its method measures.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the method quantify free molecular formaldehyde, a total equivalent or material released during sample preparation?", "kind": "definition", "id": "measured-formaldehyde-pool-q01" }, { "text": "How do temperature, concentration, pH and equilibration time affect the interpretation of this result?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "measured-formaldehyde-pool-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "physical-state-and-chemical-stability", "name": "Physical state and chemical stability", "description": "Relate phase, volatility and chemical change to the material's composition and conditions.", "rationale": "Formaldehyde gas, aqueous preparations and altered stored solutions require different property interpretations.", "layers": [ { "id": "phase-and-volatility", "name": "Phase and volatility", "description": "Keep pure-substance properties separate from mixture behaviour and headspace measurements.", "findings": [ { "id": "conditioned-property-values", "name": "Conditioned property values", "description": "Require composition, temperature, pressure and method with physical-property evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which verified melting point, boiling point and vapour-pressure data apply to pure formaldehyde, and under what conditions?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "conditioned-property-values-q01" }, { "text": "What measured or validated relationship connects this preparation's composition and temperature to formaldehyde in its headspace?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "conditioned-property-values-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "storage-change-and-reactivity", "name": "Storage change and reactivity", "description": "Assess changes relevant to precipitation, polymerisation, oxidation and chemical compatibility.", "findings": [ { "id": "stability-and-compatibility-evidence", "name": "Stability and compatibility evidence", "description": "Use preparation-specific evidence to assess storage drift and proposed chemical contact.", "questions": [ { "text": "What observations and analyses distinguish precipitation, polymerisation or oxidation from an unchanged acceptable preparation?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "stability-and-compatibility-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which storage conditions and proposed contact materials are supported by compatibility evidence for this composition?", "kind": "action", "id": "stability-and-compatibility-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-exposure-and-applicable-controls", "name": "Hazard, exposure and applicable controls", "description": "Connect hazard evidence and measured exposure to the preparation and governing context.", "rationale": "An agent must resolve substance hazards, mixture classifications and exposure benchmarks before judging a proposed activity.", "layers": [ { "id": "classification-and-restrictions", "name": "Classification and restrictions", "description": "Record authoritative hazard determinations and restrictions with their applicability.", "findings": [ { "id": "applicable-hazard-record", "name": "Applicable hazard record", "description": "Verify relevant toxicity, irritation, sensitisation, carcinogenicity and physical-hazard classifications without assuming universal category assignments.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which current authority establishes the applicable hazard classes and categories for formaldehyde in this jurisdiction?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "applicable-hazard-record-q01" }, { "text": "How do formaldehyde concentration, methanol content and intended use change the preparation's classification or restrictions?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "applicable-hazard-record-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "exposure-measurement-and-response", "name": "Exposure measurement and response", "description": "Interpret air monitoring and contact scenarios against current, context-specific requirements.", "findings": [ { "id": "exposure-comparison", "name": "Exposure comparison", "description": "Preserve sampling context and benchmark definitions before determining whether further controls are needed.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the measured airborne concentration, sampling method, duration and uncertainty, including potential analytical interference?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "exposure-comparison-q01" }, { "text": "Which applicable time-weighted, short-term or ceiling limit governs the activity, and what response does the relevant procedure require?", "kind": "action", "id": "exposure-comparison-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-fitness-release-and-fate", "name": "Use fitness, release and fate", "description": "Judge fitness for a declared use and follow formaldehyde when it reacts, escapes or enters waste.", "rationale": "The same reported concentration does not establish suitability, residual exposure or an acceptable waste route.", "layers": [ { "id": "use-specific-material-acceptance", "name": "Use-specific material acceptance", "description": "Connect composition and condition to a defined synthesis, fixation or other authorised application.", "findings": [ { "id": "grade-and-reaction-role", "name": "Grade and reaction role", "description": "Record the required reactive role and material acceptance criteria without modelling the entire downstream process.", "questions": [ { "text": "What role must formaldehyde perform, and which concentration, stabiliser, acidity and impurity tolerances does that use require?", "kind": "definition", "id": "grade-and-reaction-role-q01" }, { "text": "Does the available lot evidence justify acceptance, or is additional analysis required before use?", "kind": "action", "id": "grade-and-reaction-role-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "residual-release-and-transformation", "name": "Residual release and transformation", "description": "Distinguish free residual formaldehyde, condition-dependent release and transformation in a specified receiving medium.", "findings": [ { "id": "release-and-disposition-evidence", "name": "Release and disposition evidence", "description": "Track the measured or estimated formaldehyde load with the conditions and constituents relevant to its disposition.", "questions": [ { "text": "How much formaldehyde remains or is released, over what time and under which temperature, humidity or chemical conditions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "release-and-disposition-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence about the receiving medium, accompanying constituents and local requirements supports the proposed treatment or disposal route?", "kind": "action", "id": "release-and-disposition-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This is recall-based information; no sources were consulted.", "Verify current jurisdiction-specific exposure limits, hazard classifications and product restrictions before regulatory use.", "Verify solution concentration conventions, stabiliser content and grade; pure-substance phase constants do not describe formalin." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of formaldehyde this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Anhydrous formaldehyde", "Methanol-stabilised aqueous formaldehyde solution", "Low-methanol aqueous formaldehyde solution" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of formaldehyde this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "CAS Registry Number", "value_or_pattern": "50-00-0", "note": "Identifies formaldehyde; solutions and formulated products require additional composition information." }, { "scheme": "PubChem CID", "value_or_pattern": "712", "note": "Compound identifier for formaldehyde." }, { "scheme": "EC number", "value_or_pattern": "200-001-8", "note": "European inventory identifier for formaldehyde." }, { "scheme": "IUPAC nomenclature", "value_or_pattern": "methanal", "note": "Systematic name; formaldehyde is the widely used retained name." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of formaldehyde this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS): framework for communicating chemical hazards.", "US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA): Formaldehyde Standard, 29 CFR 1910.1048.", "European Union: REACH and CLP regulations govern relevant registration, restriction, classification and labelling obligations.", "US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): TSCA Title VI addresses formaldehyde emissions from composite wood products." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of formaldehyde this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Manufacture of urea-formaldehyde, phenol-formaldehyde and melamine-formaldehyde resins.", "Production of chemical intermediates and polymer feedstocks.", "Tissue fixation and preservation using formulated aqueous solutions.", "Cross-linking of proteins and nucleic acids in laboratory methods.", "Disinfection and preservation in applications subject to use-specific controls." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of formaldehyde this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Molar mass", "typical_range": "30.03", "unit": "g/mol" }, { "quantity": "Melting point of pure formaldehyde", "typical_range": "approximately -92", "unit": "°C" }, { "quantity": "Boiling point of pure formaldehyde at approximately 1 atm", "typical_range": "approximately -19", "unit": "°C" }, { "quantity": "Formaldehyde content of common commercial concentrated aqueous solutions", "typical_range": "approximately 37", "unit": "% by mass" }, { "quantity": "Formaldehyde content of conventional 10% neutral buffered formalin", "typical_range": "approximately 4", "unit": "%, nominal formulation concentration" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of formaldehyde this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Recognised human carcinogen; inhalation exposure is a central occupational concern.", "Vapour irritates the eyes and respiratory tract; concentrated solutions can cause severe skin and eye injury.", "Can cause allergic skin sensitisation.", "Uncontrolled polymerisation or precipitation can alter composition and impair storage or processing.", "Gas is flammable; solution flammability and toxicity also depend on formaldehyde concentration and stabilisers such as methanol." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of formaldehyde this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Occupational exposure limits and averaging periods differ by jurisdiction and issuing body.", "Requirements for emissions from composite wood and other consumer products differ across markets.", "Permitted disinfectant, preservative and other product uses depend on local authorisation and formulation." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of formaldehyde this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "formalin", "difference": "An aqueous preparation of formaldehyde, often stabilised with methanol, rather than the pure molecular substance." }, { "name": "methanediol", "difference": "The hydrated molecule CH₂(OH)₂, which predominates over free molecular formaldehyde in dilute aqueous solution." }, { "name": "paraformaldehyde", "difference": "A solid mixture of short formaldehyde polymer chains that can release formaldehyde upon depolymerisation." }, { "name": "1,3,5-trioxane", "difference": "A discrete cyclic trimer of formaldehyde with its own molecular structure and substance identity." }, { "name": "acetaldehyde", "difference": "An aldehyde with two carbon atoms, CH₃CHO, whereas formaldehyde has one." }, { "name": "formaldehyde resin", "difference": "A reaction product incorporating formaldehyde-derived units, rather than formaldehyde itself; residual or released formaldehyde is a separate measurement." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of formaldehyde this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which authoritative identifier records and existing Vercy models should be linked to establish one source of truth for vr.tr.formaldehyde?", "Which reference datasets reliably separate pure-formaldehyde physical constants from aqueous-preparation properties and document their conditions?", "Which assay conventions permit meaningful comparison of free, total and releasable formaldehyde across the intended applications?", "Which current jurisdictions and use contexts must the initial publication cover for hazard classifications, exposure limits and restrictions?", "What evidence supports preparation-specific stability limits, material compatibility and use-acceptance criteria across concentration and stabiliser ranges?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 29 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a formaldehyde, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise formaldehyde, assess its chemical form and condition, and determine which uses or handling actions require further evidence or controls.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: formaldehyde in textile, Formaldehyde-(14)C.", "2 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 73 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a formaldehyde, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "formaldehyde in textile", "Formaldehyde-(14)C" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 73 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 2 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one formaldehyde from another, and a formaldehyde from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a formaldehyde, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a formaldehyde, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a formaldehyde is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a formaldehyde, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a formaldehyde, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a formaldehyde is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a formaldehyde sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a formaldehyde, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a formaldehyde, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a formaldehyde is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a formaldehyde from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a formaldehyde, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a formaldehyde, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a formaldehyde is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a formaldehyde is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a formaldehyde, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a formaldehyde, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a formaldehyde is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a formaldehyde is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a formaldehyde, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a formaldehyde, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a formaldehyde is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a formaldehyde is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a formaldehyde, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a formaldehyde, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a formaldehyde is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a formaldehyde is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a formaldehyde is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a formaldehyde, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a formaldehyde, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a formaldehyde is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a formaldehyde is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a formaldehyde, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a formaldehyde, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a formaldehyde is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a formaldehyde passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a formaldehyde between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a formaldehyde, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a formaldehyde, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a formaldehyde is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a formaldehyde, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a formaldehyde is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a formaldehyde, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a formaldehyde, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a formaldehyde is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a formaldehyde and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a formaldehyde is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a formaldehyde performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a formaldehyde, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a formaldehyde, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a formaldehyde is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a formaldehyde.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a formaldehyde at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a formaldehyde, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a formaldehyde, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a formaldehyde is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a formaldehyde there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a formaldehyde, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a formaldehyde, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a formaldehyde is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What formaldehyde is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name formaldehyde unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of formaldehyde exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How formaldehyde behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of formaldehyde, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is formaldehyde incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How formaldehyde can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is formaldehyde classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover formaldehyde, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a formaldehyde came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a formaldehyde and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a formaldehyde, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a formaldehyde, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a formaldehyde is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a formaldehyde is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a formaldehyde, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a formaldehyde, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a formaldehyde is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }