{ "model": { "rank": 3937, "code": "thing-q16370", "model_id": "vr.tr.mandible", "name": "mandible", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a mandible, record its anatomical and functional state, and identify appropriate examination or intervention constraints.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q16370/", "tier": 2, "score": 80, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 80, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q16370", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16370", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T19:06:39Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 20.5, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0878f-b7d2-78b3-a0d3-5272e6f00db2\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: mandible\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.LIV\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 registe", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 61.7, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0878f-b7db-74b0-9e23-216c0fdc49f1\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: mandible\nRegistry id: vr.tr.mandible\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.LIV\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContex" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q16370", "registryId": "vr.tr.mandible", "name": "mandible", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.LIV" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q16370/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.mandible", "name": "mandible", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a mandible, record its anatomical and functional state, and identify appropriate examination or intervention constraints.", "definition": "In vertebrate anatomy, the mandible is the skeletal structure forming the lower jaw, consisting of a single bone in adult humans and varying in composition and articulation across vertebrate groups.", "scope_statement": "This model provisionally covers the vertebrate lower-jaw skeletal structure called the mandible, including its constituent elements, dentition interfaces, articulations and condition in a specified organism or specimen; the registry's intended taxonomic scope remains unresolved.", "in_scope": [ "Identification of a mandible by organism, taxon, anatomical position and specimen context", "Taxon-specific mandibular elements, landmarks and developmental configuration", "Interfaces with teeth, jaw joints, muscles and associated neurovascular pathways", "Geometry, structural integrity and contribution to jaw movement", "Observed alterations, reconstruction and constraints on examination or use" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Arthropod mouthparts also called mandibles, pending registry sense clarification", "The organism, population or taxon as a whole", "The maxilla and other upper-jaw structures", "Individual teeth and their internal anatomy", "Complete models of jaw joints, chewing muscles and oral soft tissues", "Standalone models of diseases, surgical procedures or dental appliances" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Confirm that the structure occupies the lower-jaw position in the identified taxon, rather than identifying it solely from shape or the presence of teeth.", "Distinguish it from an upper-jaw element by its anatomical relationships and articulation context.", "Distinguish mandibular skeletal tissue from teeth attached to it; tooth absence does not by itself exclude mandibular identity.", "Determine whether the record describes a complete mandibular structure, a constituent element, one side or a fragment.", "Resolve whether 'mandible' denotes a vertebrate skeletal structure or an arthropod mouthpart before applying this model." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Organism and taxonomic context", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Organism or specimen identifier; taxon identifier; identification confidence", "why_it_matters": "Determines which anatomical vocabulary, expected elements and comparisons are applicable." }, { "name": "Anatomical extent and laterality", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Complete structure, constituent element or fragment; left, right, bilateral, midline or indeterminate", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a partial specimen from being treated as a complete lower jaw." }, { "name": "Developmental configuration", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Recorded life stage; observed element separation or union; dentition stage where applicable; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Supports interpretation of age-related morphology without assuming adult human anatomy." }, { "name": "Mandibular geometry", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Lengths and thicknesses in mm; angles in degrees; named landmarks, coordinate frame and method required", "why_it_matters": "Makes comparisons, asymmetry assessments and reconstruction measurements interpretable." }, { "name": "Dentition interface", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Tooth-bearing regions and attachment pattern; teeth present or absent; cause of absence known or unresolved; not applicable", "why_it_matters": "Separates expected anatomy from tooth loss, damage and incomplete preservation." }, { "name": "Articulation and movement", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Articulating structures; side; observed movement and examination conditions; unavailable", "why_it_matters": "Connects mandibular form to jaw function without treating the entire joint as part of the mandible." }, { "name": "Structural integrity", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Intact, fractured, defective, remodelled, reconstructed or indeterminate; location and evidence", "why_it_matters": "Identifies discontinuities and alterations that affect interpretation and handling." }, { "name": "Observation context", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "In vivo, cadaveric, isolated specimen, fossil, image-derived representation or replica", "why_it_matters": "Determines which measurements, functional claims and actions the evidence can support." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify and annotate mandibular elements and landmarks using a taxon-appropriate reference.", "Measure mandibular dimensions and asymmetry with explicit landmarks and uncertainty.", "Map interfaces with teeth, articulating structures and attachment sites.", "Compare observed integrity and development with an appropriate reference while flagging unresolved differences.", "Track mandibular changes across examinations, preservation events or reconstruction.", "Identify missing evidence and professional review needed before an invasive or destructive action." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "mandibular-identity", "name": "Mandibular identity", "description": "Establishes which anatomical sense and physical extent the record represents.", "rationale": "The word mandible alone does not establish taxonomic scope, anatomical composition or specimen completeness.", "layers": [ { "id": "anatomical-sense", "name": "Anatomical sense", "description": "Resolves terminology against the organism and anatomical context.", "findings": [ { "id": "taxon-grounded-identification", "name": "Taxon-grounded identification", "description": "Record the evidence needed to identify a vertebrate lower-jaw structure and the reference vocabulary used.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which organism or taxon does this mandible belong to, and how was that identification established?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "taxon-grounded-identification-q01" }, { "text": "Does the source use mandible for the vertebrate lower jaw, a particular constituent element or an arthropod mouthpart?", "kind": "definition", "id": "taxon-grounded-identification-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "represented-extent", "name": "Represented extent", "description": "Separates the whole mandibular structure from sides, elements and fragments.", "findings": [ { "id": "extent-and-laterality", "name": "Extent and laterality", "description": "Record what is physically present and which portions are inferred or missing.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this record represent the whole mandible, one side, a named element or a fragment?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "extent-and-laterality-q01" }, { "text": "Which landmarks support the assigned side and anatomical location, and which expected regions cannot be assessed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "extent-and-laterality-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "mandibular-form-and-development", "name": "Mandibular form and development", "description": "Describes mandibular architecture using explicit taxonomic and developmental context.", "rationale": "Geometry and element configuration cannot be interpreted reliably through an unstated adult human reference.", "layers": [ { "id": "elements-and-landmarks", "name": "Elements and landmarks", "description": "Defines the anatomical features used to describe and measure this mandible.", "findings": [ { "id": "landmark-based-geometry", "name": "Landmark-based geometry", "description": "Record applicable elements, landmarks and reproducible dimensions rather than relying on generic jaw size.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which mandibular elements, processes and landmarks are recognised in the selected taxonomic reference?", "kind": "definition", "id": "landmark-based-geometry-q01" }, { "text": "What lengths, thicknesses, angles or bilateral differences were measured, using which landmarks, scale and uncertainty?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "landmark-based-geometry-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "developmental-configuration", "name": "Developmental configuration", "description": "Places observed form within the organism's recorded developmental stage.", "findings": [ { "id": "maturation-and-union", "name": "Maturation and union", "description": "Record life-stage evidence and the observed separation, connection or union of mandibular components.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence supports the assigned developmental stage independently of mandibular size?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "maturation-and-union-q01" }, { "text": "Which connections between mandibular components are present, and does an appropriate reference establish whether their condition is expected at this stage?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "maturation-and-union-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "mandibular-interfaces", "name": "Mandibular interfaces", "description": "Maps the mandible's connections to dentition and adjacent functional structures.", "rationale": "Recognition and action depend on these interfaces, while teeth, muscles and complete joints retain separate model boundaries.", "layers": [ { "id": "dentition-support", "name": "Dentition support", "description": "Records whether and how mandibular regions support teeth.", "findings": [ { "id": "tooth-bearing-regions", "name": "Tooth-bearing regions", "description": "Describe tooth attachment and absence without assuming that every mandible has the same dental arrangement.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which regions bear teeth in this taxon, and what attachment structures are actually observed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "tooth-bearing-regions-q01" }, { "text": "Where teeth are absent, what evidence distinguishes expected anatomy, developmental state, loss during life and loss after collection?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "tooth-bearing-regions-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "articulation-and-attachment", "name": "Articulation and attachment", "description": "Locates jaw articulations, muscle attachment regions and relevant passages.", "findings": [ { "id": "adjacent-structure-map", "name": "Adjacent structure map", "description": "Record mandibular surfaces and pathways in relation to separately identified neighbouring structures.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which structures articulate with or attach to this mandible, and which observed surfaces establish those relationships?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "adjacent-structure-map-q01" }, { "text": "Which canals, foramina or adjacent neurovascular structures need localisation for the proposed examination or intervention?", "kind": "action", "id": "adjacent-structure-map-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "mandibular-function-and-integrity", "name": "Mandibular function and integrity", "description": "Separates observed jaw performance from the mandible's structural condition.", "rationale": "An intact-looking mandible does not establish normal function, and impaired jaw function does not by itself locate a mandibular defect.", "layers": [ { "id": "movement-and-loading", "name": "Movement and loading", "description": "Records functional observations with the conditions and structures that influence them.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-functional-assessment", "name": "Supported functional assessment", "description": "Distinguish directly observed motion and loading from estimates based on skeletal form.", "questions": [ { "text": "What mandibular movement, alignment or loading was observed or measured, and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "supported-functional-assessment-q01" }, { "text": "Which conclusions concern the mandible itself, and which depend on teeth, muscles, joints or other unassessed structures?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "supported-functional-assessment-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "continuity-and-alteration", "name": "Continuity and alteration", "description": "Locates discontinuities, deformation and other changes in mandibular tissue.", "findings": [ { "id": "localised-integrity-assessment", "name": "Localised integrity assessment", "description": "Record the site, extent and evidential status of fractures, defects, remodelling or reconstruction.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where are discontinuities, displacement, tissue loss or altered contours, and how were their extent and uncertainty assessed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "localised-integrity-assessment-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes developmental variation, changes during life, treatment effects and damage after death or collection?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "localised-integrity-assessment-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "mandibular-evidence-and-actions", "name": "Mandibular evidence and actions", "description": "Connects mandibular observations to appropriate comparisons, handling and intervention decisions.", "rationale": "An isolated fragment, an imaging reconstruction and a living patient's mandible support different conclusions and actions.", "layers": [ { "id": "representation-and-comparison", "name": "Representation and comparison", "description": "Establishes how the mandible was observed and whether comparisons are anatomically valid.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-fidelity", "name": "Observation fidelity", "description": "Record acquisition, preservation and reconstruction factors that affect apparent mandibular form.", "questions": [ { "text": "Was the mandible assessed directly or through imaging, segmentation, a cast or another representation, and which regions were reconstructed?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "observation-fidelity-q01" }, { "text": "Are comparative measurements matched for taxon, developmental stage, anatomical extent and landmark definitions?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "observation-fidelity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-intervention", "name": "Handling and intervention", "description": "Identifies prerequisites for actions that could alter the mandible or its interpretation.", "findings": [ { "id": "action-specific-prerequisites", "name": "Action-specific prerequisites", "description": "Link each proposed action to the mandibular features, uncertainties and permissions relevant to that action.", "questions": [ { "text": "Before sampling, repositioning, fixation or reconstruction, which mandibular interfaces and areas of uncertain integrity require assessment?", "kind": "action", "id": "action-specific-prerequisites-q01" }, { "text": "What clinical authority or specimen permission is required, and how will the mandibular condition before and after the action be recorded?", "kind": "action", "id": "action-specific-prerequisites-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "No sense is recorded: confirm whether the registry intends the human lower-jaw bone, vertebrate lower jaws generally, or arthropod mouthparts.", "The mandible is an anatomical structure, not an organism; species-level identifiers and conservation status do not apply.", "No numerical dimensions are supplied because meaningful reference ranges require a species, age group and defined measurement landmarks." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of mandible this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Human mandible", "Non-human mammalian mandible", "Non-mammalian vertebrate mandible" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of mandible this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Terminologia Anatomica", "value_or_pattern": "Mandibula", "note": "Latin anatomical name for the human mandible." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of mandible this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Terminologia Anatomica, maintained by the Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology (FIPAT), provides standardized human anatomical terminology." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of mandible this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Forms the lower jaw and, in toothed mammals, supports the lower teeth.", "Provides attachment sites for muscles involved in chewing and other jaw movements.", "Contributes to speech articulation in humans.", "Provides anatomical landmarks for dentistry, orthodontics and maxillofacial surgery.", "Supports comparative anatomical, archaeological and forensic examination." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of mandible this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Fractures can disrupt bite alignment, chewing and jaw stability.", "Severe mandibular injury can compromise the airway.", "Injury to the inferior alveolar nerve can cause altered sensation in the lower teeth, lower lip and chin.", "Osteomyelitis or osteonecrosis can damage mandibular bone.", "Developmental abnormalities or asymmetric growth can impair dental occlusion and jaw function." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of mandible this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Human mandibular dimensions vary within and among populations; geographic origin alone does not determine an individual's jaw form." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of mandible this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "maxilla", "difference": "The maxilla forms part of the upper jaw; the mandible forms the lower jaw." }, { "name": "temporomandibular joint", "difference": "This is the articulation between the mandible and temporal bone in mammals, rather than the mandibular bone itself." }, { "name": "dentary", "difference": "The dentary constitutes each half of the mammalian mandible but is one of several lower-jaw bones in many non-mammalian vertebrates." }, { "name": "arthropod mandible", "difference": "An arthropod mandible is a paired feeding appendage, not the vertebrate lower-jaw skeletal structure." }, { "name": "teeth", "difference": "Teeth are distinct mineralized organs supported by the jaw; they are not parts of the mandibular bone." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of mandible this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does vr.tr.mandible intend the human mandible, vertebrate mandibular structures broadly, arthropod mandibles or multiple senses?", "Does an existing Vercy world model already own this concept or its intended taxonomic sense?", "Which authoritative comparative anatomical references should establish element names and whole-versus-part boundaries across the included taxa?", "Which mandibular measurements and reference populations are validated for the intended recognition, functional or intervention tasks?", "What evidence standards should distinguish developmental variation, pathology, treatment effects and preservation damage in the intended specimen contexts?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a mandible, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a mandible, record its anatomical and functional state, and identify appropriate examination or intervention constraints.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 80 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a mandible, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 80 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one mandible from another, and a mandible from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a mandible, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a mandible, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a mandible is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a mandible, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a mandible, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a mandible is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a mandible sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a mandible, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a mandible, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a mandible is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a mandible from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a mandible, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a mandible, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a mandible is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a mandible is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a mandible, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a mandible, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a mandible is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a mandible is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a mandible, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a mandible, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a mandible is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a mandible is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a mandible, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a mandible, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a mandible is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a mandible is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a mandible is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a mandible, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a mandible, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a mandible is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a mandible is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a mandible, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a mandible, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a mandible is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a mandible passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a mandible between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a mandible, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a mandible, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a mandible is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a mandible, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a mandible is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a mandible, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a mandible, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a mandible is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a mandible and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a mandible is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a mandible performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a mandible, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a mandible, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a mandible is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a mandible.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a mandible at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a mandible, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a mandible, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a mandible is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a mandible there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a mandible, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a mandible, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a mandible is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What mandible is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name mandible unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of mandible exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How mandible behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of mandible, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is mandible incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How mandible can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is mandible classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover mandible, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a mandible came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a mandible and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a mandible, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a mandible, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a mandible is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a mandible is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a mandible, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a mandible, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a mandible is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }