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Research draft

Tibetic

vr.tr.tibetic · INF.MED

Let an agent explain the Tibetic languages and their classification, relay branches, features and status from linguistic sources with attribution, describe scripts and literary tradition, and distinguish Tibetic from other Bodish and Tibeto-Burman languages.

Thing Registry Information and virtual systems

Research draft, second pass

A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.

written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify

Researched by: Claude

Purpose and description

Let an agent explain the Tibetic languages and their classification, relay branches, features and status from linguistic sources with attribution, describe scripts and literary tradition, and distinguish Tibetic from other Bodish and Tibeto-Burman languages.

A cluster of Tibeto-Burman languages descended from Old Tibetan and spoken by about six million people across the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas in China, India, Nepal, Bhutan and Pakistan, including Central Tibetan and Lhasa Tibetan, Khams and Amdo in the east and north, Ladakhi and Balti in the west, Dzongkha in Bhutan, Sherpa and smaller varieties such as Tseku, Mugom-Karmarong and mDungnag; the languages share Classical Tibetan as a literary standard and the Tibetan script, but many are not mutually intelligible.

What it is for: Not applicable; a language cluster.

It can be explain classification; relay branches and features; describe scripts and literature; distinguish from related languages.

Distinguishing features

Old Tibetan descent

Shared literary standard

Low mutual intelligibility

Tibetan script

What it looks like

Not a visible object; languages written in Tibetan script.

Physical character

speakers: about 6 million - estimates

varieties: about 50 count - estimates

Tibetan script created: 7th century period

How it is recognised

Languages descended from Old Tibetan

Central, Khams, Amdo, Ladakhi-Balti, Dzongkha, Sherpa, Tseku, Mugom-Karmarong, mDungnag; Eastern and Northern groupings

Other Bodish languages such as Tamangic are related but not Tibetic; Tibeto-Burman is the wider family

Related models

is a kind of - in registry terms

Bodish

descends from - attested from the 7th century

Old Tibetan

includes - based on Lhasa

Standard Tibetan

uses - for writing

Tibetan script

In practice

Families and kinds

Central Tibetan including Lhasa Tibetan

Eastern Tibetic including Khams

Northern Tibetic including Amdo

Western Tibetic including Ladakhi and Balti

Southern Tibetic including Dzongkha and Sherpa

small varieties such as Tseku, Mugom-Karmarong and mDungnag

Identifiers

Glottolog tibe1272 Tibetic

Standards and regulation

Language policy in China, India, Nepal and Bhutan

ISO 639 codes for individual languages

Endangered language documentation efforts

Failure modes and hazards

Treating Tibetic as a single language

Political framing of language and dialect status

Endangerment of small varieties

Also called

TsekuMugom-KarmarongmDungnagEastern TibeticNorthern TibeticLadakhi–BaltiKhambaLowaLhomiSouthern TibeticDrugchuGserpaZhongu TibetanWalunggeBhoti KinnauriThrogpägolaLadakhiSherpaShigatseCentral TibetanClassical TibetanDongwang TibetanAmdo TibetanKhams TibetanBrokkatJirelKhalong TibetanKyirong–KagateBaimaOld TibetanZitsadeguShamskatStöd Ngari TibetanDolpoKyirongPanangThemchen TibetanGyalsumdo

Where this came from

wikidata · CC0 1.0

Drafted structure

Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.

Understand What Tibetic languages are.

Attribution.

Definition

Definition and classification.

Definition

Definition.

  1. What are the Tibetic languages, and how are they classified into Central, Eastern, Northern, Western and Southern groups, as linguists such as Tournadre propose? definition
  2. Is the question about the cluster, a specific language or the wider Tibeto-Burman family? boundary

Features

Features.

Features

Features.

  1. What features do Tibetic languages share, and how do tone and conservative phonology vary? definition
  2. Which entry fits the specific language? action
Script Script and literature.

Sources.

Script

Tibetan script.

Script

Script.

  1. How does the Tibetan script work, and how does Classical Tibetan serve as a literary standard? provenance
  2. Which references are standard? provenance

Literature

Literature.

Literature

Literature.

  1. What literary and religious traditions exist in Tibetic languages? provenance
  2. Which sources are cited? provenance
Today Languages today.

Attribution.

Status

Status and policy.

Status

Status.

  1. What is the status of Tibetic languages in China, India, Nepal, Bhutan and Pakistan, with positions attributed? provenance
  2. Is the presentation neutral? boundary

Endangered

Endangered varieties.

Endangered

Endangered.

  1. Which varieties such as Tseku, Mugom-Karmarong and mDungnag are endangered, and what documentation exists? provenance
  2. Which entry fits language endangerment? action
Context History and study.

Context.

History

History.

History

History.

  1. How did Tibetic languages diversify from Old Tibetan? provenance
  2. Which entry fits Old Tibetan? action

Study

Study.

Study

Study.

  1. How are Tibetic languages studied and learned, and what resources exist? provenance
  2. Which entry fits Tibetan studies? action

What the second pass must settle

  • Should Standard Tibetan, Ladakhi and Dzongkha be separate primary entries?
  • How should linguistic sources be linked?
  • The registry entry has merged aliases naming small varieties; should they be split off?