{ "model": { "rank": 3979, "code": "thing-q164399", "model_id": "vr.tr.capacitance", "name": "capacitance", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise, quantify and compare capacitance under stated electrical conditions and judge which calculations or interventions its characterisation supports.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QLT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q164399/", "tier": 2, "score": 79, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Crystal load capacitance", "parasitic capacitance" ], "aliasCount": 2, "merged": 2, "knownIn": 79, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.capacitance", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q164399", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q164399", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T19:12:32Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 24.6, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08795-0261-7110-9494-8833a2077c63\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: capacitance\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: XCT.QLT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 regi", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 68, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08795-0272-7113-b87c-d5f013e24429\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: capacitance\nRegistry id: vr.tr.capacitance\nPlane / domain: XCT / XCT.QLT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\n" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q164399", "registryId": "vr.tr.capacitance", "name": "capacitance", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QLT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q164399/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.capacitance", "name": "capacitance", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise, quantify and compare capacitance under stated electrical conditions and judge which calculations or interventions its characterisation supports.", "definition": "Capacitance is the electrical quantity relating stored charge to electric potential, expressed as C = Q/V for a linear system with a specified reference and as differential capacitance dQ/dV when the charge-voltage relation is nonlinear.", "scope_statement": "This model owns capacitance as the electrical quantity relating conductor charge or charge change to electric potential difference or its change, including the reference conductors, constitutive definition and conditions needed to interpret a value; it does not own the capacitor or other physical system that exhibits it.", "in_scope": [ "Charge-to-voltage and differential definitions of capacitance, with their validity conditions", "Self-capacitance, two-terminal capacitance and capacitance coefficients for multiple conductors", "Dependence on geometry, dielectric response, surroundings and electrical operating conditions", "Measurement, extraction and uncertainty of capacitance values", "Use of capacitance in charge, energy, transient and coupling calculations within justified models" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Capacitor construction, procurement, maintenance and component lifecycle", "Permittivity and dielectric materials as independently characterised properties", "Electric charge, potential, current and electric field as general physical quantities", "Resistance, inductance, conductance and impedance except where needed to distinguish or extract capacitance", "Complete circuit behaviour, device reliability and electrical safety assessments" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "A capacitance value expresses a charge-potential relationship and has SI unit farad, equivalent to coulomb per volt; charge alone is measured in coulombs.", "Capacitance characterises a specified conductor arrangement and reference; permittivity characterises material response and does not by itself determine that arrangement's capacitance.", "Capacitance is a quantity that a capacitor, cable, junction or other arrangement can exhibit; it is not the physical component called a capacitor.", "For an ideal constant capacitance, current follows i = C dV/dt; resistance instead relates voltage to conduction current.", "A reported Q/V value and a local dQ/dV value describe the same constant only when the adopted charge-voltage relation and charge reference justify that equivalence." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Capacitance value", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "F, commonly expressed with SI prefixes", "why_it_matters": "Quantifies the selected charge-potential relationship and supports dimensionally correct comparison and calculation." }, { "name": "Constitutive definition", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Q/V; differential dQ/dV; finite-change ΔQ/ΔV; equivalent AC capacitance", "why_it_matters": "Prevents values obtained under different definitions from being treated as interchangeable." }, { "name": "Conductor and potential reference", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Named terminals or conductors; reference conductor or infinity; grounded, floating or guarded surrounding conductors", "why_it_matters": "A capacitance is not fully specified without the electrical boundaries that define its charge and voltage." }, { "name": "Representation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Self-capacitance; two-terminal scalar; capacitance matrix; circuit equivalent", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether one scalar is sufficient and how coupling or signed coefficients must be interpreted." }, { "name": "Charge-voltage behaviour", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Approximately linear; nonlinear; history-dependent; unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether a constant capacitance or a state-dependent relationship is needed." }, { "name": "Electrical operating conditions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "DC bias in V; AC amplitude in V with amplitude convention; frequency in Hz", "why_it_matters": "Values may vary with bias, excitation size and frequency." }, { "name": "Physical configuration", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Conductor geometry, spacing, dielectric regions and surrounding boundaries", "why_it_matters": "Connects a value to the arrangement that produces it and identifies changes that require recalculation." }, { "name": "Environmental conditions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Temperature in K or °C; humidity or other environmental variables where relevant", "why_it_matters": "Supports reproducibility and identifies environmental dependence." }, { "name": "Uncertainty and validity range", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Absolute uncertainty in F or relative uncertainty in %; stated coverage and operating intervals", "why_it_matters": "Limits the precision and operating range of conclusions drawn from the value." } ], "affordances": [ "Select a capacitance definition and conductor reference appropriate to a charge-storage or coupling question.", "Estimate capacitance from a supported geometric model and identify assumptions requiring verification.", "Extract capacitance from measured electrical response using an explicit equivalent circuit and uncertainty assessment.", "Compare reported values after reconciling bias, frequency, temperature, terminal conditions and extraction conventions.", "Calculate charge change, idealised stored energy or circuit response when the constitutive relationship supports the calculation.", "Identify configuration or operating changes that require a new capacitance measurement or model." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "charge-potential-meaning", "name": "Charge-potential meaning", "description": "Establishes what the reported capacitance relates and which mathematical definition is being used.", "rationale": "A number in farads can represent different relationships, especially for nonlinear or coupled systems.", "layers": [ { "id": "constitutive-definition", "name": "Constitutive definition", "description": "Separates constant, ratio and incremental descriptions.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratio-versus-incremental", "name": "Ratio versus incremental capacitance", "description": "Record whether the value represents Q/V, ΔQ/ΔV or dQ/dV, including the charge reference and operating point.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which charge-voltage definition does this capacitance value use?", "kind": "definition", "id": "ratio-versus-incremental-q01" }, { "text": "Over what voltage interval, or around what bias point, is that definition applicable?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "ratio-versus-incremental-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "electrical-reference", "name": "Electrical reference", "description": "Identifies the conductors and potential constraints needed to make the quantity unambiguous.", "findings": [ { "id": "terminals-and-coefficients", "name": "Terminals and coefficients", "description": "Distinguish a scalar terminal capacitance from self-capacitance or a coefficient in a multi-conductor charge-potential relation; record the convention for signed coefficients.", "questions": [ { "text": "Whose charge is related to which potential or potential difference, relative to what reference?", "kind": "definition", "id": "terminals-and-coefficients-q01" }, { "text": "Which other conductors are grounded, floating or held at specified potentials?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "terminals-and-coefficients-q02" }, { "text": "If a capacitance matrix is used, what coefficient and sign convention does the source define?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "terminals-and-coefficients-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "physical-determinants", "name": "Physical determinants", "description": "Connects capacitance to conductor configuration, dielectric regions and surrounding boundaries.", "rationale": "Capacitance depends on an arrangement, so transferring a value requires checking what physically determines it.", "layers": [ { "id": "geometry-and-fields", "name": "Geometry and fields", "description": "Identifies geometric assumptions and the treatment of field boundaries.", "findings": [ { "id": "geometric-model-validity", "name": "Geometric model validity", "description": "Record conductor dimensions, separations and surroundings, and whether a calculation includes fringing fields or relies on an approximation such as ideal parallel plates.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which dimensions and surrounding conductors determine the capacitance being estimated?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "geometric-model-validity-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence supports neglecting fringing fields or nearby conductive objects?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "geometric-model-validity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "dielectric-contribution", "name": "Dielectric contribution", "description": "Records the material response used to connect geometry to capacitance.", "findings": [ { "id": "permittivity-assumptions", "name": "Permittivity assumptions", "description": "Identify dielectric regions and whether their response is treated as uniform, linear, isotropic and independent of frequency or temperature.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which dielectric properties and sources support the capacitance calculation?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "permittivity-assumptions-q01" }, { "text": "Which material-response assumptions remain valid over the intended operating conditions?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "permittivity-assumptions-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operating-response", "name": "Operating response", "description": "Characterises how the charge-potential relationship changes with excitation, environment and history.", "rationale": "A single nominal value can conceal dependencies that change charge storage or measured response.", "layers": [ { "id": "bias-and-amplitude", "name": "Bias and amplitude", "description": "Distinguishes a local small-signal characterisation from behaviour across a finite voltage excursion.", "findings": [ { "id": "local-response-range", "name": "Local response range", "description": "Associate differential capacitance with its bias and excitation amplitude, and establish whether a larger voltage excursion requires a charge-voltage curve.", "questions": [ { "text": "At what DC bias and AC amplitude was the capacitance determined?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "local-response-range-q01" }, { "text": "Can the same value represent the intended voltage excursion, or is a voltage-dependent relationship required?", "kind": "action", "id": "local-response-range-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "frequency-environment-history", "name": "Frequency, environment and history", "description": "Captures dependencies that affect repeatability and transfer between operating conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "response-dependencies", "name": "Response dependencies", "description": "Record measured frequency and temperature dependence and any relevant relaxation or history effects without assuming that all systems exhibit them.", "questions": [ { "text": "Across which frequencies and temperatures has the capacitance been characterised?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "response-dependencies-q01" }, { "text": "Does conditioning, charging history or elapsed time change the reported value under otherwise matched conditions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "response-dependencies-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "measurement-and-extraction", "name": "Measurement and extraction", "description": "Establishes how observations support a capacitance value and separate it from other electrical effects.", "rationale": "An instrument's capacitance reading depends on its method, fixture and assumed equivalent circuit.", "layers": [ { "id": "observable-to-capacitance", "name": "Observable to capacitance", "description": "Documents the measured response and the model used to infer capacitance.", "findings": [ { "id": "extraction-convention", "name": "Extraction convention", "description": "Identify whether capacitance comes from charge-voltage data, a transient, an impedance measurement or another method, including series or parallel equivalent-circuit conventions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What observable, instrument method and calculation produced the value in farads?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "extraction-convention-q01" }, { "text": "How does the extraction account for leakage, loss and inductive contributions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "extraction-convention-q02" }, { "text": "If complex capacitance is reported, what frequency, phasor convention and interpretation are specified?", "kind": "definition", "id": "extraction-convention-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "fixtures-and-uncertainty", "name": "Fixtures and uncertainty", "description": "Separates the intended capacitance from measurement-system contributions.", "findings": [ { "id": "parasitic-and-calibration-control", "name": "Parasitic and calibration control", "description": "Record calibration, guarding, fixture compensation and uncertainty so that lead or environmental capacitance is not silently attributed to the target.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which lead, fixture and surrounding-conductor contributions were included, compensated or independently estimated?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "parasitic-and-calibration-control-q01" }, { "text": "What calibration evidence and uncertainty statement support the reported precision?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "parasitic-and-calibration-control-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supported-calculations", "name": "Supported calculations", "description": "Determines which charge, energy and circuit deductions the capacitance characterisation supports.", "rationale": "Correct units alone do not justify applying constant-capacitance formulas outside their assumptions.", "layers": [ { "id": "charge-and-energy", "name": "Charge and energy", "description": "Matches charge and energy calculations to the constitutive relationship.", "findings": [ { "id": "constitutive-calculation-choice", "name": "Constitutive calculation choice", "description": "Use ΔQ = CΔV for constant capacitance and integrate differential capacitance for voltage-dependent charge change; use U = ½CV² only where the ideal constant-capacitance energy model applies.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the available characterisation justify a constant-capacitance calculation or require integration over the charge-voltage relationship?", "kind": "action", "id": "constitutive-calculation-choice-q01" }, { "text": "What reference state and reversibility assumptions support the proposed stored-energy calculation?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "constitutive-calculation-choice-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "circuit-use-and-revalidation", "name": "Circuit use and revalidation", "description": "Governs composition and reuse of capacitance values in a larger electrical model.", "findings": [ { "id": "network-assumption-check", "name": "Network assumption check", "description": "Check ideal-element and topology assumptions before series or parallel reduction, transient prediction or coupling analysis, and identify changes that invalidate the adopted value.", "questions": [ { "text": "Do coupling, parasitic elements or frequency dependence prevent the proposed ideal-capacitance network reduction?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "network-assumption-check-q01" }, { "text": "Which changes in geometry, dielectric, conductor grounding or operating conditions require the capacitance to be recalculated or remeasured?", "kind": "action", "id": "network-assumption-check-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This covers electrical capacitance; no narrower registry sense was supplied.", "Recall only: the named standards have not been consulted, and their current editions and applicability require verification.", "Reported capacitance depends on measurement conditions and equivalent-circuit assumptions; electrochemical values and multi-conductor capacitance coefficients need explicit conventions." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of capacitance this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Self-capacitance", "Mutual capacitance", "Differential capacitance", "Parasitic or stray capacitance", "Electrochemical double-layer capacitance", "Semiconductor junction capacitance" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of capacitance this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Conventional quantity symbol", "value_or_pattern": "C", "note": "Context distinguishes capacitance from the unit symbol C for coulomb." }, { "scheme": "SI unit symbol", "value_or_pattern": "F", "note": "The farad equals one coulomb per volt; it identifies the unit, not the quantity itself." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of capacitance this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "BIPM SI Brochure defines the farad as the SI derived unit of capacitance.", "ISO and IEC: ISO 80000-6 covers quantities and units in electromagnetism.", "IEC 60384 series specifies requirements and tests for fixed capacitors used in electronic equipment." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of capacitance this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Storing charge and energy in capacitors.", "Setting timing constants and filter responses with resistors or inductors.", "Coupling signals and decoupling power supplies.", "Sensing position, proximity, touch, liquid level and material properties.", "Characterising semiconductor junctions and electrochemical interfaces." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of capacitance this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Capacitance of small discrete capacitors", "typical_range": "Commonly picofarads to microfarads; application-dependent", "unit": "F" }, { "quantity": "Capacitance of supercapacitor cells", "typical_range": "Commonly fractions of a farad to thousands of farads", "unit": "F" }, { "quantity": "Capacitance per unit length of cables", "typical_range": "Often tens to hundreds of picofarads per metre; geometry-dependent", "unit": "pF/m" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of capacitance this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Stored charge in physical capacitive systems can cause electric shock or damaging discharge after power is removed.", "Exceeding dielectric strength can cause breakdown, arcing and component damage.", "Parasitic capacitance can introduce unwanted coupling, slow switching and destabilise circuits.", "Capacitance can vary with temperature, applied voltage, frequency and ageing, shifting circuit behaviour.", "Leakage, dielectric loss and series resistance can make an ideal-capacitance model misleading and contribute to heating." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of capacitance this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "capacitor", "difference": "A capacitor is a physical component; capacitance is a quantity exhibited by components and other electrical systems." }, { "name": "electric charge", "difference": "Charge is measured in coulombs; capacitance relates charge to potential and is measured in farads." }, { "name": "permittivity", "difference": "Permittivity characterises a medium's electric response; capacitance also depends on conductor geometry and boundary conditions." }, { "name": "impedance", "difference": "Impedance relates sinusoidal voltage to current, including phase; ideal capacitance contributes the frequency-dependent impedance 1/(jωC)." }, { "name": "battery capacity", "difference": "Battery capacity usually denotes deliverable charge in ampere-hours; capacitance denotes charge change per voltage change." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of capacitance this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should the registry entry explicitly cover electrochemical, semiconductor and quantum-capacitance operationalisations, and which specialist sources establish their relationship to terminal capacitance?", "Which terminology and sign conventions should the catalogue adopt for self-capacitance, mutual capacitance and multi-conductor coefficients?", "How should reported negative or complex capacitance be represented so that extraction conventions and physical interpretations remain distinguishable?", "Which authoritative measurement references should define required uncertainty, calibration and reporting information for different capacitance ranges and frequencies?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 30 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a capacitance, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise, quantify and compare capacitance under stated electrical conditions and judge which calculations or interventions its characterisation supports.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Crystal load capacitance, parasitic capacitance.", "2 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 79 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a capacitance, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Crystal load capacitance", "parasitic capacitance" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 79 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 2 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one capacitance from another, and a capacitance from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a capacitance, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a capacitance, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a capacitance is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a capacitance, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a capacitance, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a capacitance is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a capacitance sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a capacitance, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a capacitance, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a capacitance is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a capacitance from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a capacitance, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a capacitance, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a capacitance is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a capacitance passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a capacitance between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a capacitance, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a capacitance, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a capacitance is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a capacitance, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a capacitance is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a capacitance, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a capacitance, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a capacitance is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What capacitance is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of capacitance are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is capacitance operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of capacitance and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of capacitance?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as capacitance?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a capacitance came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a capacitance and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a capacitance, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a capacitance, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a capacitance is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a capacitance is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a capacitance, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a capacitance, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a capacitance is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }