{ "model": { "rank": 4250, "code": "thing-q165074", "model_id": "vr.tr.parallax", "name": "parallax", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise viewpoint-dependent apparent displacement, assess whether it supports a reliable inference, and decide how to measure, exploit or correct it.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q165074/", "tier": 2, "score": 77, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "parallax in astronomy", "dynamical parallax", "equatorial horizontal parallax", "diurnal parallax", "stellar parallax" ], "aliasCount": 5, "merged": 5, "knownIn": 77, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.parallax", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q165074", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165074", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T19:48:17Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 22.7, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087b5-d98e-7101-9d24-31d58a57d086\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: parallax\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: ACT.ACT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 registe", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 61, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087b5-d994-7a51-80d5-97e390baed6d\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: parallax\nRegistry id: vr.tr.parallax\nPlane / domain: ACT / ACT.ACT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContex" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q165074", "registryId": "vr.tr.parallax", "name": "parallax", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q165074/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.parallax", "name": "parallax", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise viewpoint-dependent apparent displacement, assess whether it supports a reliable inference, and decide how to measure, exploit or correct it.", "definition": "Parallax is the apparent change in an object's direction or position relative to a reference background caused by observing it from different positions.", "scope_statement": "This model owns parallax as the apparent change in a target's position relative to a reference caused by a change in observation position, including its geometry, observational interpretation and use in distance or depth estimation; this sense is provisional because the registry provides no definition.", "in_scope": [ "Geometric relationships among target, observation positions and reference frame", "Angular or image-coordinate displacement attributable to a change in viewpoint", "Astronomical, binocular and motion-parallax observation conventions", "Distance or depth inference from parallax and its uncertainty", "Parallax-induced alignment and reading errors", "Deliberately simulated parallax in visual interfaces" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Intrinsic target motion and its independent dynamics", "Complete models of cameras, telescopes, eyes or measuring instruments", "General stereoscopic perception and visual cognition", "Refraction, aberration and gravitational lensing as separate optical phenomena", "Complete astrometric, surveying or computer-vision workflows", "Metaphorical uses of parallax and entities named Parallax" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "For a stationary target, translating the observation position can change the target's apparent location relative to a specified reference; target motion is not required.", "Pure rotation about an unchanged projection centre changes viewing direction but does not provide a translational parallax baseline for depth recovery.", "With comparable geometry and baseline, nearer targets generally show greater parallax than farther targets; displacement alone is not an absolute distance measurement.", "A stereoscopic image offset counts as evidence of geometric parallax only when camera geometry, correspondence and image transformations are accounted for.", "A designed scrolling effect can imitate depth-dependent displacement without measuring the distance of any physical target." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Parallax sense", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "geometric observation | perceptual cue | instrument-reading effect | simulated visual effect", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether the agent should infer physical geometry, assess perception, correct a reading or evaluate a designed effect." }, { "name": "Observation-position relationship", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Positions or trajectories of observation centres in a declared coordinate frame", "why_it_matters": "Establishes which viewpoint change could have produced the displacement." }, { "name": "Baseline", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Length in metres or astronomical units, with vector direction and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Depth sensitivity depends on both baseline magnitude and its orientation relative to the target." }, { "name": "Apparent displacement", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Radians, arcseconds or pixels, with direction, sign convention and observation pair", "why_it_matters": "Provides the observable while preventing angular parallax from being confused with uncalibrated image displacement." }, { "name": "Reference relationship", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Target relative to reference objects, a reference plane or a calibrated coordinate frame", "why_it_matters": "A reference may have its own parallax or motion, changing what the measured displacement represents." }, { "name": "Temporal configuration", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Simultaneous viewpoints | sequential viewpoints | periodic observation series | simulated movement", "why_it_matters": "Separates configurations that suppress target-motion ambiguity from those requiring temporal modelling." }, { "name": "Depth identifiability", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Metric depth supported | relative depth only | geometrically degenerate | unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Limits the conclusions and actions justified by the available geometry." }, { "name": "Measurement uncertainty", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Uncertainty or covariance in the observable's units, with systematic contributions identified", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether a detected displacement and any derived distance are sufficiently constrained." } ], "affordances": [ "Classify an apparent shift as geometric parallax, a simulation or an unresolved mixture of causes.", "Select viewpoints and reference objects that improve depth sensitivity.", "Estimate relative depth or distance when calibration and geometry support it.", "Compare repeated observations to distinguish parallax from motion and instrumental effects.", "Correct or reduce parallax errors in scale readings and sight alignment.", "Evaluate whether a visual parallax effect communicates its intended depth relationships." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "sense-and-instance", "name": "Sense and instance", "description": "Establishes which meaning of parallax applies and what constitutes an instance.", "rationale": "Astronomical measurement, perceptual cues and designed effects share a geometric idea but support different claims.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-sense", "name": "Intended sense", "description": "Records the community and use that determine the term's meaning.", "findings": [ { "id": "sense-selection", "name": "Sense selection", "description": "An instance needs an explicit interpretation before an agent treats its displacement as physical evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does parallax here mean a measured geometric displacement, a perceptual cue, a reading error or a simulated visual effect?", "kind": "definition", "id": "sense-selection-q01" }, { "text": "Which registry evidence or domain reference supports this interpretation of parallax?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "sense-selection-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "instance-boundary", "name": "Instance boundary", "description": "Identifies the target, viewpoints and comparison that make the claimed effect assessable.", "findings": [ { "id": "parallax-instance-test", "name": "Parallax instance test", "description": "A geometric parallax claim must identify an observation-position change and the apparent displacement attributed to it.", "questions": [ { "text": "What target, observation positions and reference define this particular parallax instance?", "kind": "definition", "id": "parallax-instance-test-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes the shift from target motion, observer rotation or an image transformation?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "parallax-instance-test-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "viewpoint-geometry", "name": "Viewpoint geometry", "description": "Captures the spatial configuration that produces or constrains parallax.", "rationale": "The same measured shift can imply different depths under different baselines, reference frames and angle conventions.", "layers": [ { "id": "baseline-and-sightlines", "name": "Baseline and sightlines", "description": "Relates observation centres, target directions and the effective transverse baseline.", "findings": [ { "id": "depth-sensitive-baseline", "name": "Depth-sensitive baseline", "description": "The baseline's orientation as well as its length determines the available depth information.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is the baseline vector, and how was it established in the target's coordinate frame?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "depth-sensitive-baseline-q01" }, { "text": "Does this configuration provide enough transverse separation to distinguish plausible target depths?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "depth-sensitive-baseline-q02" }, { "text": "Which additional observation position would improve depth sensitivity?", "kind": "action", "id": "depth-sensitive-baseline-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "reference-and-convention", "name": "Reference and convention", "description": "Makes relative positions and domain-specific parallax quantities explicit.", "findings": [ { "id": "declared-parallax-convention", "name": "Declared parallax convention", "description": "A reported parallax requires a reference frame, units and a definition of the angle or displacement being reported.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the reported value a displacement between two observations, an annual parallax parameter or another explicitly defined quantity?", "kind": "definition", "id": "declared-parallax-convention-q01" }, { "text": "Which reference objects or coordinate frame anchor the measurement, and how is their own parallax handled?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "declared-parallax-convention-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observation-and-attribution", "name": "Observation and attribution", "description": "Determines whether observations consistently track the target and isolate the parallax contribution.", "rationale": "Incorrect correspondence or unmodelled motion can create a convincing displacement that does not support the claimed geometry.", "layers": [ { "id": "target-correspondence", "name": "Target correspondence", "description": "Connects the same target or feature across viewpoints.", "findings": [ { "id": "comparable-target-observations", "name": "Comparable target observations", "description": "A useful displacement requires justified correspondence and enough calibration to compare observations.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is the same target or surface feature identified across observations despite occlusion or appearance changes?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "comparable-target-observations-q01" }, { "text": "What camera, instrument or image-coordinate calibration makes the measured positions comparable?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "comparable-target-observations-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "competing-displacement-causes", "name": "Competing displacement causes", "description": "Separates viewpoint effects from temporal and instrumental contributions.", "findings": [ { "id": "parallax-attribution", "name": "Parallax attribution", "description": "Sequential observations may combine parallax with target motion, observer rotation and changes in the measurement system.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which contributions from target motion, observer rotation, refraction or instrument drift remain in the observed displacement?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "parallax-attribution-q01" }, { "text": "What simultaneous observations, repeat measurements or fitted temporal patterns could separate those contributions?", "kind": "action", "id": "parallax-attribution-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "depth-inference-and-confidence", "name": "Depth inference and confidence", "description": "Controls the conversion of parallax observations into defensible depth or distance conclusions.", "rationale": "Parallax can constrain depth, but missing scale, weak geometry and noisy measurements limit what an agent may conclude.", "layers": [ { "id": "inference-conditions", "name": "Inference conditions", "description": "Declares the geometry and assumptions required for a distance estimate.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-depth-result", "name": "Supported depth result", "description": "The inference must distinguish metric distance from relative depth and identify any approximations used.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which triangulation or domain-specific relation converts this parallax quantity into depth, and what assumptions does it require?", "kind": "definition", "id": "supported-depth-result-q01" }, { "text": "Are baseline scale, viewing geometry and calibration known well enough to support metric distance?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "supported-depth-result-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "uncertainty-and-limits", "name": "Uncertainty and limits", "description": "Records detection strength, systematic effects and limits of distance inversion.", "findings": [ { "id": "uncertainty-aware-distance", "name": "Uncertainty-aware distance", "description": "Weak or noisy parallax requires an inference method that represents uncertainty rather than treating an unstable reciprocal as a settled distance.", "questions": [ { "text": "How large is the parallax relative to random uncertainty and plausible systematic offsets?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "uncertainty-aware-distance-q01" }, { "text": "How does the method handle a near-zero or negative fitted parallax, and which assumptions or priors influence the distance result?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "uncertainty-aware-distance-q02" }, { "text": "Should the agent report a distance estimate, a bound, relative depth or an unresolved result?", "kind": "action", "id": "uncertainty-aware-distance-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-correction", "name": "Use and correction", "description": "Connects the assessed effect to measurement, alignment and visual-design actions.", "rationale": "Parallax may be useful evidence, an unwanted error or an intentionally constructed experience.", "layers": [ { "id": "measurement-and-alignment", "name": "Measurement and alignment", "description": "Determines whether to increase parallax for inference or reduce it for accurate readings.", "findings": [ { "id": "parallax-control-choice", "name": "Parallax control choice", "description": "The appropriate intervention depends on whether viewpoint-dependent separation is the signal or a source of error.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the task trying to recover depth or read an alignment between a pointer, reticle, target or scale?", "kind": "definition", "id": "parallax-control-choice-q01" }, { "text": "Would a larger baseline, a controlled viewing position or an optical alignment adjustment improve the task result?", "kind": "action", "id": "parallax-control-choice-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "perceived-and-simulated-depth", "name": "Perceived and simulated depth", "description": "Distinguishes geometric evidence from a depth impression produced for a viewer.", "findings": [ { "id": "depth-cue-interpretation", "name": "Depth cue interpretation", "description": "Binocular or motion-based cues and designed scrolling offsets need an explicit relationship between displacement and intended depth.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the relative displacement arise from measured viewpoints or from a chosen rendering or scrolling rule?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "depth-cue-interpretation-q01" }, { "text": "What depth ordering should the viewer perceive, and how will the agent check whether the effect communicates it?", "kind": "action", "id": "depth-cue-interpretation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This describes the geometric and optical phenomenon; the registry supplies no sense that would justify a narrower or figurative interpretation.", "The listed kinds overlap: annual and diurnal parallax classify observer motion, while binocular and instrumental parallax classify viewing arrangements.", "The stellar distance relation uses the conventional annual parallax angle associated with a one-astronomical-unit baseline, not the full angular excursion between opposite orbital positions." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of parallax this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Annual stellar parallax", "Diurnal parallax", "Binocular parallax", "Motion parallax", "Instrumental parallax" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of parallax this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Measuring stellar distances from observations at different positions in Earth's orbit.", "Estimating depth through binocular vision and stereoscopic imaging.", "Recovering distances and three-dimensional structure in surveying, photogrammetry and computer vision.", "Using relative apparent motion during observer movement as a visual depth cue." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of parallax this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Annual stellar parallax angle", "typical_range": "Less than 1 arcsecond for stars beyond the Sun; smaller angles indicate greater distances.", "unit": "arcsecond or milliarcsecond" }, { "quantity": "Observation baseline", "typical_range": "Application-dependent; approximately the separation of the eyes for binocular viewing and an astronomical scale for annual stellar parallax.", "unit": "metre or astronomical unit" }, { "quantity": "Distance inferred from annual stellar parallax", "typical_range": "For a reliable positive parallax, distance in parsecs equals the reciprocal of parallax in arcseconds.", "unit": "parsec" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of parallax this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Reading an analogue scale obliquely can misalign a pointer with its markings and produce a measurement error.", "Camera viewpoint differences can create stitching errors, especially for nearby objects.", "Small baselines or distant targets produce weak parallax and uncertain depth estimates.", "Object motion, mismatched image features or calibration errors can be mistaken for geometric parallax.", "Directly inverting a noisy stellar parallax can give misleading distance estimates; fitted parallaxes can be negative because of measurement uncertainty." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of parallax this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Perspective", "difference": "Perspective describes projection from a viewpoint; parallax specifically concerns the change produced by moving between viewpoints." }, { "name": "Binocular disparity", "difference": "Binocular disparity is the difference between corresponding image positions in the two eyes; it is an image-level consequence of binocular viewing geometry." }, { "name": "Proper motion", "difference": "Proper motion is a star's changing direction due to relative physical motion, whereas annual parallax is the periodic contribution from Earth's orbital viewpoint change." }, { "name": "Aberration of light", "difference": "Aberration depends on observer velocity and the finite speed of light; parallax depends on observer position and target distance." }, { "name": "Triangulation", "difference": "Triangulation is a method for determining position from geometric observations; parallax is an observable effect that can supply those observations." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of parallax this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which source establishes the intended sense of vr.tr.parallax, and does its ACT / ACT.ACT placement reflect a deliberate conceptual classification?", "Does the existing catalogue already contain a world model that owns geometric parallax or one of its application-specific senses?", "Which authoritative references should establish the boundaries and measurement conventions for astronomical, binocular, motion and instrumental parallax?", "Should simulated interface parallax remain an application within this entry or be linked to a separately registered visual-effect concept?", "Which domain-specific uncertainty methods and acceptance criteria should govern distance reporting and parallax-error correction?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 16, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a parallax, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise viewpoint-dependent apparent displacement, assess whether it supports a reliable inference, and decide how to measure, exploit or correct it.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: parallax in astronomy, dynamical parallax, equatorial horizontal parallax, diurnal parallax, stellar parallax.", "5 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 77 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a parallax, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "parallax in astronomy", "dynamical parallax", "equatorial horizontal parallax", "diurnal parallax", "stellar parallax" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 77 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 5 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one parallax from another, and a parallax from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a parallax, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a parallax, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a parallax is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a parallax, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a parallax, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a parallax is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a parallax sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a parallax, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a parallax, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a parallax is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a parallax from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a parallax, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a parallax, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a parallax is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a parallax passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a parallax between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a parallax, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a parallax, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a parallax is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a parallax, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a parallax is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a parallax, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a parallax, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a parallax is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a parallax proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a parallax, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a parallax and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a parallax, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a parallax, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a parallax is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a parallax consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a parallax takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a parallax, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a parallax, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a parallax is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What parallax is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of parallax are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is parallax operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of parallax and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of parallax?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as parallax?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a parallax came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a parallax and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a parallax, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a parallax, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a parallax is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a parallax is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a parallax, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a parallax, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a parallax is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }