{ "model": { "rank": 5534, "code": "thing-q165435", "model_id": "vr.tr.carburetor", "name": "carburetor", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a carburetor, assess its ability to meter fuel into an engine's intake air, and identify compatible, justified inspection or service actions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q165435/", "tier": 2, "score": 66, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "flat-slide carburetor", "Reece Fish Carburettor" ], "aliasCount": 2, "merged": 2, "knownIn": 66, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.carburetor", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q165435", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165435", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T22:34:33Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 19.8, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0884e-0e31-70e0-ac50-1f23c69e650c\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: carburetor\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.OBJ\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 regi", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 61.9, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0884e-0e22-7860-9776-17e915e2aae6\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: carburetor\nRegistry id: vr.tr.carburetor\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nCo" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q165435", "registryId": "vr.tr.carburetor", "name": "carburetor", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q165435/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.carburetor", "name": "carburetor", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a carburetor, assess its ability to meter fuel into an engine's intake air, and identify compatible, justified inspection or service actions.", "definition": "A carburetor is a device that meters liquid fuel into an engine's intake airflow, using pressure differences to form a combustible air-fuel mixture, principally for spark-ignition internal-combustion engines.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the carburetor as a device kind: its air passages, fuel-metering arrangements, mixture controls, interfaces, operating conditions and service boundaries, with product specifications and individual-unit observations recorded as evidence rather than treated as separate kinds.", "in_scope": [ "Airflow-induced fuel metering and mixture formation before engine combustion", "Float, diaphragm and other fuel-supply or metering arrangements within the carburetor", "Throttle, starting-enrichment and operating-range fuel circuits where fitted", "Interfaces with intake, fuel supply, controls, vents and engine pressure signals", "Calibration, condition, failure symptoms and carburetor-specific service limits" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Engine combustion, ignition and internal mechanical condition", "Fuel tanks, external pumps, filters and supply lines beyond carburetor interfaces", "Fuel-injection systems whose primary metering mechanism is injector delivery", "Complete intake, exhaust and emissions-control systems", "Vehicle or engine certification as a whole", "A particular manufacturer's product catalogue or the service history of one physical unit" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Identify fuel discharge into an intake air passage driven by an airflow-related pressure difference, rather than identifying the device solely from its external housing.", "Distinguish a carburetor from a throttle body by the presence of fuel-metering and discharge provisions; an air-control valve alone is insufficient.", "Distinguish a carburetor from throttle-body injection by establishing how fuel is metered, even when both occupy a similar intake location.", "Treat float bowls, diaphragms, slides and butterflies as variant features; no single one establishes or excludes carburetor identity.", "Distinguish the complete carburetor from a jet, choke, manifold or fuel pump that supplies only part of its function." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Metering architecture", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Fixed-venturi, variable-venturi or other documented architecture; fuel regulation recorded separately", "why_it_matters": "Determines which pressure relationships, controls and inspection methods explain fuel delivery." }, { "name": "Fuel regulation arrangement", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Float-regulated, diaphragm-regulated or other documented arrangement", "why_it_matters": "Changes the relevant orientation limits, pressure requirements and failure mechanisms." }, { "name": "Air passage configuration", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Barrel count, draft direction and simultaneous or progressive operation where applicable", "why_it_matters": "Identifies airflow paths and how additional passages enter operation." }, { "name": "Venturi and throttle bore dimensions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mm, with measurement location and passage identity", "why_it_matters": "Supports identification and compatibility checks without confusing different bore measurements." }, { "name": "Rated airflow", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "L/s or ft³/min, accompanied by test pressure difference and reference conditions", "why_it_matters": "Allows capacity comparisons only when rating conditions are comparable." }, { "name": "Engine and installation compatibility", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Documented engine applications, mounting interfaces, orientation and control connections", "why_it_matters": "Physical fit alone does not establish suitable fuel delivery or control operation." }, { "name": "Fuel inlet pressure requirement", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "kPa, with reference pressure, operating conditions and manufacturer limits", "why_it_matters": "Incorrect supply pressure can interfere with fuel regulation." }, { "name": "Calibration configuration", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Documented jets, needles, metering rods, air bleeds, spring settings and adjustment positions as applicable", "why_it_matters": "Connects observed mixture behaviour to the installed metering components." }, { "name": "Mixture behaviour", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Lambda or fuel-specific air-fuel mass ratio, with speed, load, temperature and measurement method", "why_it_matters": "Mixture adequacy cannot be judged from an isolated value without operating context." }, { "name": "Operational condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Untested, serviceable within documented conditions, restricted, leaking, flooding, sticking or otherwise defective", "why_it_matters": "Separates verified condition from symptoms and limits permissible operation." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify the carburetor architecture and locate the documentation applicable to its variant.", "Check engine, fuel, mounting and control compatibility before installation or substitution.", "Trace operating symptoms to candidate fuel circuits while retaining alternative engine or supply-system causes.", "Inspect fuel regulation, passages, seals and control movement using the applicable service procedure.", "Record and assess calibration changes against measurements taken under defined operating conditions.", "Determine whether to permit operation, restrict use or require repair based on leakage, control return and other documented limits." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-installation", "name": "Identity and installation", "description": "Establish what qualifies as this device and which installations it can serve.", "rationale": "Similar housings and mounting patterns can conceal different metering mechanisms and incompatible applications.", "layers": [ { "id": "metering-identity", "name": "Metering identity", "description": "Identify the mechanism that makes the assembly a carburetor.", "findings": [ { "id": "airflow-induced-metering", "name": "Airflow-induced metering", "description": "Record evidence for fuel metering into the intake airflow and distinguish the assembly from adjacent device kinds.", "questions": [ { "text": "What mechanism meters fuel and causes it to discharge into the intake air passage?", "kind": "definition", "id": "airflow-induced-metering-q01" }, { "text": "Which features distinguish this assembly from an air-only throttle body, an injection assembly or a gaseous-fuel mixer?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "airflow-induced-metering-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "application-and-interfaces", "name": "Application and interfaces", "description": "Connect the architecture to documented engine and installation requirements.", "findings": [ { "id": "installation-compatibility", "name": "Installation compatibility", "description": "Record supported applications and the mechanical, fuel and control interfaces needed for compatibility.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which manufacturer records establish the carburetor variant and its supported engine applications?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "installation-compatibility-q01" }, { "text": "What mounting dimensions, orientation, fuel connections, vents and linkage geometry must the installation satisfy?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "installation-compatibility-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "airflow-and-fuel-regulation", "name": "Airflow and fuel regulation", "description": "Represent how intake airflow and the regulated fuel supply establish the conditions for metering.", "rationale": "Fuel delivery depends on pressure relationships and supply regulation, not simply on fuel being present.", "layers": [ { "id": "air-passage-behaviour", "name": "Air passage behaviour", "description": "Describe venturi geometry, passage staging and the pressures relevant to fuel discharge.", "findings": [ { "id": "metering-pressure-and-capacity", "name": "Metering pressure and capacity", "description": "Record the airflow path and the conditions under which geometry or flow ratings are meaningful.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which venturi, slide or staged-barrel arrangement establishes the pressure signal at each fuel discharge point?", "kind": "definition", "id": "metering-pressure-and-capacity-q01" }, { "text": "What bore dimensions and airflow ratings are documented, and at what test pressure difference and reference conditions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "metering-pressure-and-capacity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "fuel-supply-regulation", "name": "Fuel supply regulation", "description": "Describe how fuel availability at the metering circuits is controlled.", "findings": [ { "id": "float-or-diaphragm-regulation", "name": "Float or diaphragm regulation", "description": "Record the applicable regulating arrangement, pressure references and supply limits without assuming every carburetor has a bowl.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do the float and inlet valve, diaphragm mechanism or other fitted components regulate fuel availability?", "kind": "definition", "id": "float-or-diaphragm-regulation-q01" }, { "text": "What inlet pressure, float level or diaphragm lever setting applies, and how must it be measured?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "float-or-diaphragm-regulation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operating-circuits-and-controls", "name": "Operating circuits and controls", "description": "Map starting, steady operation and transitions to the fitted fuel circuits and actuators.", "rationale": "A carburetor can work in one operating range while failing in another because different circuits contribute.", "layers": [ { "id": "starting-and-steady-operation", "name": "Starting and steady operation", "description": "Identify the controls and circuits active during starting, idle and sustained load.", "findings": [ { "id": "operating-range-contributions", "name": "Operating-range contributions", "description": "Record which circuits supply fuel in each range and how their contributions overlap.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which starting-enrichment, idle, progression and main-metering provisions are fitted, and when does each contribute?", "kind": "definition", "id": "operating-range-contributions-q01" }, { "text": "What throttle, choke or enrichener positions and engine conditions define the documented starting and warm-running states?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "operating-range-contributions-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "transients-and-actuation", "name": "Transients and actuation", "description": "Represent responses to changing throttle demand and the mechanisms that operate them.", "findings": [ { "id": "demand-transition-response", "name": "Demand-transition response", "description": "Record fitted acceleration, secondary-opening and load-enrichment mechanisms and their expected transitions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What accelerator pump, secondary actuation or load-enrichment mechanism is fitted, and what triggers it?", "kind": "definition", "id": "demand-transition-response-q01" }, { "text": "Which documented checks distinguish a transition-circuit fault from ignition, fuel-supply or intake-leak causes of hesitation?", "kind": "action", "id": "demand-transition-response-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "calibration-and-condition", "name": "Calibration and condition", "description": "Relate installed metering components and observed condition to measured mixture behaviour.", "rationale": "Adjustment decisions require both a known calibration and evidence that wear or contamination is not distorting it.", "layers": [ { "id": "calibration-evidence", "name": "Calibration evidence", "description": "Capture the installed calibration and the conditions used to evaluate it.", "findings": [ { "id": "metering-configuration-and-results", "name": "Metering configuration and results", "description": "Associate component identifiers and settings with mixture measurements under specified conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which jet, needle, metering-rod and air-bleed identifiers or dimensions define the installed calibration?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "metering-configuration-and-results-q01" }, { "text": "What mixture measurements support its suitability for the recorded fuel, engine load, speed, temperature and altitude?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "metering-configuration-and-results-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "fault-isolation-and-service", "name": "Fault isolation and service", "description": "Connect symptoms to inspectable defects and justified repair actions.", "findings": [ { "id": "metering-integrity", "name": "Metering integrity", "description": "Record evidence of blocked passages, worn metering parts, leaking valves, damaged diaphragms or unintended air entry.", "questions": [ { "text": "What inspection evidence supports a carburetor defect rather than an external supply, ignition or engine fault?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "metering-integrity-q01" }, { "text": "Which cleaning, replacement or adjustment procedure restores the affected circuit, and what verification must follow?", "kind": "action", "id": "metering-integrity-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operating-limits-and-release", "name": "Operating limits and release", "description": "Determine when fuel containment, control behaviour and application requirements permit operation.", "rationale": "A functioning metering circuit does not establish that the carburetor is safe or acceptable for its installation.", "layers": [ { "id": "containment-and-control-hazards", "name": "Containment and control hazards", "description": "Assess leakage, overflow routing and unintended throttle or enrichment behaviour.", "findings": [ { "id": "operation-restricting-defects", "name": "Operation-restricting defects", "description": "Record defects and installation conditions that require operation to stop or remain restricted.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is there evidence of external leakage, uncontrolled overflow, sticking throttle movement or failed return action?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "operation-restricting-defects-q01" }, { "text": "What documented action is required before operation can resume after each observed defect?", "kind": "action", "id": "operation-restricting-defects-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "application-specific-acceptance", "name": "Application-specific acceptance", "description": "Identify applicable service limits, environmental provisions and regulatory evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "acceptance-authority-and-boundary", "name": "Acceptance authority and boundary", "description": "Separate carburetor requirements from engine or installation approval, including any fitted anti-icing or fuel shutoff provisions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which manufacturer instructions or standards, with issuing body and edition, establish acceptance for this application?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "acceptance-authority-and-boundary-q01" }, { "text": "Which emissions, icing-protection, backfire-protection or certification requirements belong to the carburetor, and which belong to its installation?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "acceptance-authority-and-boundary-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This describes the device class, not a manufacturer model or an individual unit; the listed kinds overlap because they classify different design features.", "Bore size, airflow capacity, fuel pressure and calibration are application-specific; numerical ranges should be established for a defined engine class.", "No sources were consulted. Applicable emissions, fuel-system safety and aviation requirements need application- and jurisdiction-specific research." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of carburetor this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Fixed-venturi carburetor", "Variable-venturi or constant-depression carburetor", "Float-type carburetor", "Diaphragm carburetor", "Updraft carburetor", "Downdraft carburetor" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of carburetor this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Manufacturer model and part numbers", "value_or_pattern": "Manufacturer-specific alphanumeric identifiers", "note": "Identify a design or service assembly; calibration, application and revision may require additional codes." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of carburetor this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Fuel preparation in older gasoline-powered road vehicles and motorcycles", "Small engines powering lawn equipment, generators and pumps", "Handheld two-stroke equipment, commonly using diaphragm carburetors", "Some piston aircraft engines", "Restoration and maintenance of engines originally designed for carburetion" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of carburetor this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Gasoline stoichiometric air-fuel mass ratio", "typical_range": "Approximately 14.7:1 for conventional gasoline without ethanol; actual operating mixtures vary with load and temperature", "unit": "kg air/kg fuel" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of carburetor this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Blocked jets or passages cause lean running, hesitation, difficult starting or stalling.", "A sticking float or leaking inlet needle can cause flooding, fuel leakage and fire.", "Intake leaks or incorrect calibration can produce excessively lean mixtures and engine overheating or damage.", "Carburetor icing can restrict airflow and reduce engine power, including when ambient temperature is above freezing.", "Worn shafts, damaged diaphragms or malfunctioning choke mechanisms can disrupt mixture control and idle stability." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of carburetor this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Carburetor is the usual American spelling; carburettor is common in British English.", "Altitude and regional fuel composition can require different calibration because air density and fuel properties affect mixture formation." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of carburetor this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Fuel injector", "difference": "Meters fuel through a nozzle under supplied pressure rather than relying principally on intake-air pressure differences to draw fuel into the airflow." }, { "name": "Throttle body", "difference": "Primarily regulates intake airflow; a carburetor also meters and introduces fuel." }, { "name": "Intake manifold", "difference": "Distributes intake air or mixture to engine cylinders rather than serving as the primary fuel-metering device." }, { "name": "Fuel pump", "difference": "Moves fuel from its supply to the metering system rather than preparing the intake air-fuel mixture." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of carburetor this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry already link carburetor to an existing world model, and how does it delimit adjacent gaseous-fuel mixers and electronically assisted carburetors?", "Which authoritative sources establish the architecture taxonomy and cover float, diaphragm and less common carburetor arrangements adequately?", "What representative bore dimensions, airflow capacities and inlet-pressure ranges can be sourced with comparable test conditions for distinct application classes?", "Which standards and certification requirements apply separately to automotive, small-engine, marine and aviation installations, and do any require marks on the carburetor itself?", "Which documented diagnostic and acceptance procedures establish defensible limits for mixture behaviour, wear, leakage and control return without assuming universal settings?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a carburetor, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a carburetor, assess its ability to meter fuel into an engine's intake air, and identify compatible, justified inspection or service actions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: flat-slide carburetor, Reece Fish Carburettor.", "2 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 66 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a carburetor, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "flat-slide carburetor", "Reece Fish Carburettor" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 66 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 2 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one carburetor from another, and a carburetor from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a carburetor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a carburetor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a carburetor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a carburetor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a carburetor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a carburetor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a carburetor sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a carburetor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a carburetor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a carburetor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a carburetor from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a carburetor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a carburetor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a carburetor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a carburetor is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a carburetor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a carburetor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a carburetor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a carburetor is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a carburetor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a carburetor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a carburetor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a carburetor is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a carburetor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a carburetor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a carburetor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a carburetor is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a carburetor is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a carburetor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a carburetor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a carburetor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a carburetor is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a carburetor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a carburetor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a carburetor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a carburetor passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a carburetor between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a carburetor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a carburetor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a carburetor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a carburetor, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a carburetor is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a carburetor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a carburetor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a carburetor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What carburetor is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does carburetor perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise carburetor, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How carburetor is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does carburetor have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does carburetor need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about carburetor is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about carburetor hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern carburetor, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a carburetor came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a carburetor and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a carburetor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a carburetor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a carburetor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a carburetor is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a carburetor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a carburetor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a carburetor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }