{ "model": { "rank": 4960, "code": "thing-q165618", "model_id": "vr.tr.moment-of-inertia", "name": "moment of inertia", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify, determine and apply a moment of inertia using the correct mass distribution, reference axis or point, and mechanical assumptions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QLT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q165618/", "tier": 2, "score": 71, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 71, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q165618", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165618", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T21:21:36Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 20.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0880b-4207-7562-b50b-4c064bd15cc2\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: moment of inertia\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: XCT.QLT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 10", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 62.8, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0880b-4217-7491-90fb-7271775ec1c2\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: moment of inertia\nRegistry id: vr.tr.moment-of-inertia\nPlane / domain: XCT / XCT.QLT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entr" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q165618", "registryId": "vr.tr.moment-of-inertia", "name": "moment of inertia", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QLT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q165618/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.moment-of-inertia", "name": "moment of inertia", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify, determine and apply a moment of inertia using the correct mass distribution, reference axis or point, and mechanical assumptions.", "definition": "The mass moment of inertia of a body about a specified axis is the integral of squared perpendicular distance from that axis over the body's mass, I = ∫r⊥² dm, quantifying how mass distribution affects rotation about that axis.", "scope_statement": "This model owns mass moment of inertia as a scalar about a specified axis or as an inertia tensor about a specified point, including its determination, transformation, uncertainty and valid use in rotational mechanics.", "in_scope": [ "Scalar mass moment of inertia about a specified axis", "Inertia tensors, principal moments and principal axes about a specified point", "Dependence on mass distribution, configuration and reference geometry", "Analytical, numerical and experimental determination with uncertainty", "Conditions for using inertia in rotational energy and motion calculations" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Second and polar moments of area used in structural mechanics, which have dimensions of length to the fourth power", "Mass as an independent translational inertia quantity", "Torque, angular momentum and rotational kinetic energy as separately modelled quantities", "Complete rigid-body trajectories, force systems and control strategies", "Material stiffness, strength and damping properties" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "A mass moment of inertia has dimensions of mass times length squared and SI unit kg·m²; an area moment has unit m⁴.", "A scalar value requires a specified axis: identical total masses can have different moments because their distances from that axis differ.", "The defining scalar weighting is squared perpendicular distance, I = ∫r_perp² dm, rather than distance from an arbitrary point.", "A three-dimensional inertia tensor maps angular velocity to angular momentum under the appropriate reference conditions; a scalar generally cannot represent that mapping for every rotation direction.", "Moment of inertia characterises a mass distribution even when the body is stationary; angular momentum and rotational kinetic energy also depend on motion." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Representation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Axis-specific scalar; symmetric 3×3 tensor; principal moments with principal-axis orientation", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether the record supports one-axis calculations or general three-dimensional rotation." }, { "name": "Scalar moment", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "kg·m²; nonnegative for a nonnegative mass distribution", "why_it_matters": "Quantifies mass-weighted squared distance from the specified axis." }, { "name": "Reference axis and point", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Axis location and unit direction; tensor reference point; coordinate frame", "why_it_matters": "A value without its reference geometry is insufficiently specified for comparison or application." }, { "name": "Tensor components and convention", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Six independent components in kg·m², with basis and off-diagonal sign convention", "why_it_matters": "Prevents mixing coordinate systems or confusing products of inertia with signed tensor entries." }, { "name": "Mass distribution and configuration", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Included body or assembly; density or point-mass distribution; component positions; configuration identifier", "why_it_matters": "Inertia changes when included mass or its spatial arrangement changes." }, { "name": "Principal moments and axes", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Three eigenvalues in kg·m² and associated axis directions; degeneracies identified", "why_it_matters": "Identifies directions with uncoupled tensor components and indicates when principal-axis orientation is nonunique." }, { "name": "Radius of gyration", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "m; k = sqrt(I/M) for positive included mass M", "why_it_matters": "Expresses the axis-specific distribution as an equivalent distance while retaining the required mass and axis context." }, { "name": "Determination and uncertainty", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Analytically derived; numerically estimated; experimentally inferred; uncertainty and validation status recorded", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes an idealised value from a measured or validated estimate." } ], "affordances": [ "Calculate an axis-specific moment from a defined mass distribution or a justified ideal-shape approximation.", "Assemble component inertias after transforming them to a common reference point and coordinate basis.", "Transform an inertia tensor between frames and extract principal moments or an axis-specific scalar.", "Infer inertia from a suitable rotational experiment while accounting for apparatus and loss effects.", "Check units, reference geometry and physical consistency before accepting a value.", "Select valid rotational equations and identify when deformation or internal motion requires an updated model." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "quantity-and-sense", "name": "Quantity and sense", "description": "Establish which inertia quantity a record denotes and which mass it covers.", "rationale": "The name is shared with area-based quantities, and a mass inertia value is meaningful only for a defined system.", "layers": [ { "id": "mass-versus-area", "name": "Mass versus area", "description": "Resolve terminology through dimensions and the defining integral.", "findings": [ { "id": "mass-weighted-distance", "name": "Mass-weighted squared distance", "description": "Mass moment of inertia about an axis is I = ∫r_perp² dm; second moments of area integrate over area instead and belong to a neighbouring model.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the source define an integral over mass or over area, and do its units agree?", "kind": "definition", "id": "mass-weighted-distance-q01" }, { "text": "Does a label such as polar moment refer to mass inertia about an axis or to an area property?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "mass-weighted-distance-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "included-mass", "name": "Included mass", "description": "Identify the body, assembly and configuration represented by the quantity.", "findings": [ { "id": "system-membership", "name": "System membership and configuration", "description": "The record must identify included components and their arrangement, including any payload or contained material that contributes to the mass distribution.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which components, payloads and contents are included in this inertia value?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "system-membership-q01" }, { "text": "Which geometry, density distribution and configuration establish their positions relative to the axis?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "system-membership-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "reference-geometry", "name": "Reference geometry", "description": "Attach inertia to its axis or reference point and coordinate basis.", "rationale": "Changing an axis location or orientation can change the scalar value even when the body is unchanged.", "layers": [ { "id": "axis-and-origin", "name": "Axis and origin", "description": "Make reference geometry explicit enough to reproduce the value.", "findings": [ { "id": "reference-completeness", "name": "Complete reference specification", "description": "A scalar requires an axis location and direction; a tensor requires a reference point and basis. The centre of mass must be identified when a calculation depends on it.", "questions": [ { "text": "What point and unit direction define the scalar's axis, or what point and basis define the tensor?", "kind": "definition", "id": "reference-completeness-q01" }, { "text": "How is that reference located relative to the centre of mass and to the body?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "reference-completeness-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "reference-transformations", "name": "Reference transformations", "description": "Control transfers between axes, points and coordinate frames.", "findings": [ { "id": "parallel-axis-and-basis-change", "name": "Parallel-axis and basis changes", "description": "For parallel axes, one through the centre of mass, I = I_CM + Md² with perpendicular separation d. Tensor translation and basis rotation require their corresponding transformations.", "questions": [ { "text": "Are the proposed axes parallel, and is the starting value about the centre-of-mass axis?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "parallel-axis-and-basis-change-q01" }, { "text": "Which translation and basis transformation place all component inertias at the same reference before addition?", "kind": "action", "id": "parallel-axis-and-basis-change-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "tensor-and-principal-structure", "name": "Tensor and principal structure", "description": "Represent directional dependence and identify physically consistent tensor data.", "rationale": "General rotation requires directional information that a single scalar loses.", "layers": [ { "id": "tensor-conventions", "name": "Tensor conventions", "description": "Record components and their mathematical meaning.", "findings": [ { "id": "components-and-projection", "name": "Components and axis projection", "description": "About a reference point, the tensor is J = ∫[(r·r)1 − rrᵀ] dm. For a unit direction n, the moment about the axis through that point is nᵀJn.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the record use signed tensor off-diagonal entries or unsigned product-of-inertia integrals?", "kind": "definition", "id": "components-and-projection-q01" }, { "text": "Is the requested axis direction normalised and expressed in the tensor's coordinate basis?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "components-and-projection-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "principal-and-physical-checks", "name": "Principal and physical checks", "description": "Use eigenstructure and mass-distribution constraints to assess a tensor.", "findings": [ { "id": "principal-moments-and-degeneracy", "name": "Principal moments and degeneracy", "description": "Principal moments are tensor eigenvalues. Physical mass inertia tensors are symmetric and positive semidefinite, and each principal moment is no greater than the sum of the other two. Repeated eigenvalues leave some principal directions nonunique.", "questions": [ { "text": "Within uncertainty, does the tensor satisfy symmetry, nonnegative eigenvalues and the principal-moment triangle inequalities?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "principal-moments-and-degeneracy-q01" }, { "text": "Are repeated or nearly repeated principal moments making the reported axis orientation nonunique or sensitive to small errors?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "principal-moments-and-degeneracy-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "determination-and-evidence", "name": "Determination and evidence", "description": "Connect an inertia estimate to reproducible calculations or observations.", "rationale": "Ideal formulas, numerical models and experiments can produce different values because their assumptions and included masses differ.", "layers": [ { "id": "distribution-based-calculation", "name": "Distribution-based calculation", "description": "Determine inertia from geometry, density and component placement.", "findings": [ { "id": "calculation-assumptions", "name": "Calculation assumptions", "description": "Analytical formulas and numerical integration require explicit shape, density and configuration assumptions; composite calculations require a common reference.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which measured geometry, density data or point-mass approximation supports the calculation?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "calculation-assumptions-q01" }, { "text": "How sensitive is the result to density variation, omitted features and geometric discretisation?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "calculation-assumptions-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "experimental-inference", "name": "Experimental inference", "description": "Determine inertia from observed rotational behaviour and an explicit apparatus model.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurement-model-and-corrections", "name": "Measurement model and corrections", "description": "Methods such as torsional oscillation or torque-acceleration inference require known experimental parameters and treatment of fixture inertia, friction, damping and other relevant effects.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which observed quantities and governing equation support the inferred moment of inertia?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "measurement-model-and-corrections-q01" }, { "text": "How were apparatus inertia and loss effects accounted for, and what uncertainty remains?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "measurement-model-and-corrections-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "mechanical-use-and-change", "name": "Mechanical use and change", "description": "Select valid applications and detect when a recorded inertia ceases to apply.", "rationale": "Correct inertia data can still give incorrect predictions when used with an unsuitable equation or an outdated configuration.", "layers": [ { "id": "equation-applicability", "name": "Equation applicability", "description": "Match scalar or tensor inertia to the reference and constraints of the motion.", "findings": [ { "id": "scalar-and-vector-dynamics", "name": "Scalar and vector dynamics", "description": "For rigid rotation about a fixed axis, rotational energy is T = ½Iω². In general rigid-body rotation, T_rot = ½ωᵀJ_CMω and angular momentum about the centre of mass is L_CM = J_CMω; angular momentum need not be parallel to angular velocity.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the problem justify a fixed-axis scalar equation, or does it require tensor dynamics and a specified reference frame?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "scalar-and-vector-dynamics-q01" }, { "text": "Are torque, angular momentum and inertia referenced consistently, with frame-dependent terms included where required?", "kind": "action", "id": "scalar-and-vector-dynamics-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "configuration-validity", "name": "Configuration validity", "description": "Track changes in the distribution and the limits of rigid-body representation.", "findings": [ { "id": "redistribution-and-internal-motion", "name": "Redistribution and internal motion", "description": "A body-fixed inertia tensor remains constant for a rigid body with unchanged mass distribution, although its components in another frame may vary. Deformation, moving components or mass exchange can change inertia; internal motion may also require dynamics beyond a single rigid-body tensor.", "questions": [ { "text": "Has a change in payload, component position, deformation or retained mass invalidated the recorded value?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "redistribution-and-internal-motion-q01" }, { "text": "Should the agent transform the existing tensor, recompute the distribution, or use a model that resolves internal motion?", "kind": "action", "id": "redistribution-and-internal-motion-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The unqualified name is interpreted here as mass moment of inertia; structural engineering also uses 'moment of inertia' for second moment of area.", "Scalar fixed-axis formulas require care when the axis moves or the body deforms.", "This is recalled knowledge, not a researched account; the intended registry sense should be checked first." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of moment of inertia this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Moment of inertia about an axis through the centre of mass", "Moment of inertia about an offset axis", "Principal moment of inertia" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of moment of inertia this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The International System of Units (SI), documented in the BIPM SI Brochure, provides the coherent unit kilogram metre squared (kg·m²)." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of moment of inertia this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Sizing motors and actuators for specified angular accelerations.", "Calculating energy stored in flywheels.", "Predicting spacecraft attitude dynamics.", "Analysing changes in athletes' rotation as body configuration changes.", "Measuring mass distribution using torsional or compound pendulums." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of moment of inertia this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Mass moment of inertia about a specified axis", "typical_range": "Nonnegative; no universal typical range because mass, geometry and axis determine the value.", "unit": "kg·m²" }, { "quantity": "Radius of gyration, k = √(I/m)", "typical_range": "Nonnegative for positive mass; scale depends on the body's geometry and the chosen axis.", "unit": "m" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of moment of inertia this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Reporting a value without specifying the axis or body configuration makes it ambiguous.", "Confusing mass moment of inertia with second moment of area produces dimensionally incorrect calculations.", "Applying the parallel-axis theorem requires parallel axes and a reference axis through the centre of mass.", "Using the scalar relation τ = Iα for general three-dimensional motion omits tensor coupling and gyroscopic terms.", "Underestimating rotational inertia can lead to inadequate acceleration, braking or energy-containment capacity." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of moment of inertia this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Second moment of area", "difference": "Integrates squared distance over area rather than mass, has units m⁴, and describes cross-sectional geometry used in bending calculations." }, { "name": "Polar second moment of area", "difference": "Integrates squared distance from an axis perpendicular to a cross-section over its area; it has units m⁴ rather than kg·m²." }, { "name": "Inertia tensor", "difference": "Encodes rotational mass distribution for all axis directions at a chosen origin; the scalar moment about a unit direction n is nᵀJn." }, { "name": "Mass", "difference": "Measures translational inertia and does not depend on a chosen rotation axis or the spatial distribution of that mass." }, { "name": "Angular momentum", "difference": "Describes rotational motion and depends on angular velocity as well as mass distribution; moment of inertia itself does not require motion." }, { "name": "Torque", "difference": "Is the moment of a force and changes angular momentum; moment of inertia is a property of mass distribution relative to an axis." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of moment of inertia this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend only mass moment of inertia, or does its source vocabulary also encompass second moments of area?", "Should inertia tensors be represented fully within this entry or linked to a separately registered tensor concept if one exists?", "Which authoritative references and experimental standards should support the published definitions, transformation conventions and measurement procedures?", "What uncertainty tolerances should govern acceptance of calculated or experimentally inferred inertia for the intended applications?", "How far should this entry cover configuration-dependent and effective inertias before linking to deformable-body, multibody or fluid-system models?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 17, "questions": 27 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a moment of inertia, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to identify, determine and apply a moment of inertia using the correct mass distribution, reference axis or point, and mechanical assumptions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 71 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a moment of inertia, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 71 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one moment of inertia from another, and a moment of inertia from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a moment of inertia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a moment of inertia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a moment of inertia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a moment of inertia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a moment of inertia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a moment of inertia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a moment of inertia sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a moment of inertia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a moment of inertia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a moment of inertia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a moment of inertia from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a moment of inertia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a moment of inertia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a moment of inertia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a moment of inertia passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a moment of inertia between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a moment of inertia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a moment of inertia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a moment of inertia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a moment of inertia, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a moment of inertia is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a moment of inertia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a moment of inertia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a moment of inertia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What moment of inertia is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of moment of inertia are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is moment of inertia operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of moment of inertia and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of moment of inertia?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as moment of inertia?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a moment of inertia came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a moment of inertia and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a moment of inertia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a moment of inertia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a moment of inertia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a moment of inertia is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a moment of inertia, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a moment of inertia, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a moment of inertia is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }