{ "model": { "rank": 4112, "code": "thing-q166154", "model_id": "vr.tr.line-segment", "name": "line segment", "purpose": "Let an agent explain line segments and compute their properties, apply them in geometry and mapping, and separate applied senses such as street segments and transects.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QLT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q166154/", "tier": 2, "score": 78, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "scale marking", "mirror scale", "directed line segment", "street segment", "transect", "chord", "bimedian", "semi-axis", "cevian", "sagitta", "apothem", "semidiameter", "stability radius", "baseline", "unit directed line segment" ], "aliasCount": 15, "merged": 15, "knownIn": 78, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q166154", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166154", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T16:05:28Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q166154", "registryId": "vr.tr.line-segment", "name": "line segment", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QLT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q166154/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.line-segment", "name": "line segment", "purpose": "Let an agent explain line segments and compute their properties, apply them in geometry and mapping, and separate applied senses such as street segments and transects.", "definition": "A part of a straight line bounded by two distinct endpoints and containing every point between them, with a definite length; a directed segment has an orientation, and segments appear as chords of circles, edges of polygons, scale markings on instruments, street segments in mapping and transects in field surveys.", "what_it_is_for": "Geometry, measurement, mapping and surveying.", "affordances": [ "compute length, midpoint and direction", "test intersection and collinearity", "explain chords and polygon edges", "separate applied senses" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Bounded by two endpoints", "Finite length", "Straight", "Can be directed" ], "appearance": "Not physical; drawn as a straight stroke between two points.", "visual_identification": [ "Two endpoints", "Straight", "A ray extends infinitely in one direction" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "undirected segments", "directed segments and vectors", "chords and diameters", "polygon edges", "applied segments in maps and surveys" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "arc", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is part of", "target": "line", "why": "whole" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "binomial coefficient", "why": "other mathematical object" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "footpath", "why": "street segments in mapping" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "ISO 80000-2 notation", "Geographic data standards for road segments" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Confusing segment, ray and line", "Floating point errors in intersection tests", "Confusing senses" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "compute", "name": "Compute", "description": "Properties.", "rationale": "Coordinates suffice.", "layers": [ { "id": "length", "name": "Length", "description": "Length and midpoint.", "findings": [ { "id": "length-finding", "name": "Length", "description": "Length.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the length and midpoint of the segment between these points?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "What is its direction or slope?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] }, { "id": "intersect", "name": "Intersect", "description": "Intersection.", "findings": [ { "id": "intersect-finding", "name": "Intersect", "description": "Intersection.", "questions": [ { "text": "Do these two segments intersect, and where?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "How is numerical robustness ensured?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "geometry", "name": "Geometry", "description": "In figures.", "rationale": "Segments build shapes.", "layers": [ { "id": "chords", "name": "Chords", "description": "Chords of circles.", "findings": [ { "id": "chords-finding", "name": "Chords", "description": "Chords.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is the length of a chord at this distance from the centre?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Which chord theorems apply?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "polygons", "name": "Polygons", "description": "Edges.", "findings": [ { "id": "polygons-finding", "name": "Polygons", "description": "Edges.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do segments form polygon edges, and how is perimeter computed?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "When are segments collinear?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "directed", "name": "Directed", "description": "Orientation.", "rationale": "Direction matters.", "layers": [ { "id": "vectors", "name": "Vectors", "description": "Directed segments.", "findings": [ { "id": "vectors-finding", "name": "Vectors", "description": "Directed segments.", "questions": [ { "text": "How does a directed segment relate to a vector?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "What changes when direction is reversed?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "notation", "name": "Notation", "description": "Writing segments.", "findings": [ { "id": "notation-finding", "name": "Notation", "description": "Notation.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are segments and their lengths notated?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which conventions differ by country?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "applied", "name": "Applied", "description": "Other senses.", "rationale": "Same word, other fields.", "layers": [ { "id": "mapping", "name": "Mapping", "description": "Street segments.", "findings": [ { "id": "mapping-finding", "name": "Mapping", "description": "Street segments.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is a street or road segment in a map dataset meant?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Which data standard applies?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "survey", "name": "Survey", "description": "Transects and scales.", "findings": [ { "id": "survey-finding", "name": "Survey", "description": "Transects and scales.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is a transect in ecology or a scale marking on an instrument meant?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Which entry fits?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should vectors be a separate entry?", "How should geometry libraries be linked?", "How should mapping senses be split?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a line segment, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain line segments and compute their properties, apply them in geometry and mapping, and separate applied senses such as street segments and transects.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: scale marking, mirror scale, directed line segment, street segment, transect, chord, bimedian, semi-axis, cevian, sagitta, apothem, semidiameter.", "15 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 78 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a line segment, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "scale marking", "mirror scale", "directed line segment", "street segment", "transect", "chord", "bimedian", "semi-axis", "cevian", "sagitta", "apothem", "semidiameter" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 78 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 15 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one line segment from another, and a line segment from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a line segment, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a line segment, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a line segment is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a line segment, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a line segment, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a line segment is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a line segment sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a line segment, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a line segment, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a line segment is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a line segment from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a line segment, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a line segment, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a line segment is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a line segment passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a line segment between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a line segment, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a line segment, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a line segment is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a line segment, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a line segment is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a line segment, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a line segment, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a line segment is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What line segment is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of line segment are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is line segment operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of line segment and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of line segment?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as line segment?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a line segment came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a line segment and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a line segment, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a line segment, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a line segment is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a line segment is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a line segment, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a line segment, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a line segment is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }