infection
Let an agent handle infections in general terms, prioritising recognition of emergencies such as sepsis, and point to health services and prevention guidance, without diagnosis or prescribing.
Bundle → Layer → Finding → Questions Filled
4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions
Emergency Sepsis and severe signs.
Sepsis
Warning signs.
Sepsis
Sepsis warning signs.
- Are there signs such as confusion, fast breathing, mottled skin or extreme illness? boundary
- Which emergency number should be called now? action
Vulnerable
Higher risk.
Vulnerable
Higher-risk groups.
- Is the person a baby, elderly, pregnant or immunocompromised? boundary
- Which urgent service should be contacted? action
Care Seeing a clinician.
Services
Where to go.
Services
Health services.
- Which health service fits these symptoms, such as a pharmacy, GP or urgent care? provenance
- How can an appointment be made? action
Diagnosis
No self-diagnosis.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis limit.
- Is the user asking the agent to diagnose or prescribe? boundary
- How should they be referred? action
Prevention Public health.
Vaccination
Schedules.
Vaccination
Vaccination.
- Which vaccines are recommended, according to national schedules? provenance
- Where can they be obtained? provenance
Hygiene
Hand and food hygiene.
Hygiene
Hygiene.
- Which hygiene measures reduce spread, according to health authorities? provenance
- When should someone stay home? provenance
Antibiotics Stewardship.
Use
Prescribed use.
Use
Antibiotic use.
- Why do antibiotics not work for viral infections? definition
- Why finish courses as prescribed? provenance
Resistance
AMR.
Resistance
Antimicrobial resistance.
- What do health authorities say about antimicrobial resistance? provenance
- How can individuals help? action
Classifiers Filled
- Family
- Thing Registry
- Category
- Cross-cutting context
- Entry kind
- thing
- Plane
- XCT
- Domain
- XCT.QLT
- Other names and narrower kinds
- viremia, respiratory tract infection, viral bronchiolitis, infectious causes of cancer, occupationally acquired infection, septic bursitis, viral exanthem, tracheobronchitis, lower respiratory tract infection, cat flu, upper respiratory tract infection, Young's syndrome
What it is Filled
The invasion and multiplication of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites in a host, together with the reaction of host tissues, which may cause no symptoms or disease ranging from mild to life-threatening, including respiratory, urinary, skin and bloodstream infections; sepsis is a life-threatening host response to infection rather than a type of infection.
Why it exists Filled
Let an agent handle infections in general terms, prioritising recognition of emergencies such as sepsis, and point to health services and prevention guidance, without diagnosis or prescribing.
Distinguishing features Filled
- Caused by pathogens
- Range from mild to severe
- Often preventable
- Sepsis is an emergency
What robots and AI may and may not do Filled
Must not
- Diagnose or treat a person's infection in place of a clinician.
- Recommend antibiotics or other antimicrobials without a prescription.
- Disclose a person's infection status without consent or legal basis.
- Spread false claims about how an infection spreads or about vaccines.
Only with a human decision
- Reporting a notifiable infection to public health authorities requires human involvement.
- Clinical assessment and treatment of suspected severe infection require a qualified clinician.
May
- Explain how infections are caused, spread and prevented, citing public health sources.
- Remind people of hygiene, vaccination and isolation guidance issued by health authorities.
- Advise immediate emergency care for signs of severe infection or possible sepsis without waiting for human approval.
Moral aspects Filled
- Infection status has been used to stigmatise and exclude people.
- Misuse of antimicrobials drives resistance that harms everyone.
Who is affected
- Infected people and their contacts
- Health workers
- Vulnerable groups
Owners Filled
Steward
Nobody owns an infection; public health authorities manage notifiable diseases.
Master systems
- Notifiable disease surveillance systems
Links to other meta-models Filled
parent
- Q11516357 - registry parent class
- Q2057971 - registry parent class
- Q53617407 - registry parent class
- Q7189713 - registry parent class
- Q86923152 - registry parent class
related
- health problem - category
- pathogen - cause
- vaccine and hygiene - prevention
- sepsis - complication
What else AI and robots need to interact with it Filled
Identity and identifiers required Filled
- Vercy registry: vr.tr.infection
- Wikidata: Q166231 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166231)
Direct properties not applicable Not applicable
Not applicable
Plane XCT: no invented physical properties.
Recognition optional Filled
- Types by site and pathogen
- Acute and chronic infections
- Colonisation without disease is different
- Signs such as fever, redness, swelling, pain or discharge; some infections have no symptoms.
Capabilities and actions required Filled
- recognise emergency warning signs such as sepsis
- find health services for symptoms
- follow prevention and vaccination guidance
- understand antibiotic stewardship
Hazards and failure modes required Filled
- Missing sepsis
- Agents diagnosing or prescribing
- Antibiotic misuse
Standards and interfaces required Filled
- WHO infection prevention and control guidance
- Notifiable disease regulations
- Antimicrobial stewardship programmes
Context of use required Filled
- A central health topic for prevention and care.
- bacterial infections
- viral infections
- fungal infections
- parasitic infections
- healthcare-associated infections
Sources Filled
- Wikidata item Q166231: infection - identity and sense of the item
- Wikipedia: Infection - general description of the item
Open questions
- Should infection types be separate entries?
- How should sepsis guidance be localised?
- How should notifiable diseases be linked?
Machine files
Provenance
thing registry research (pass 2) · unreviewed
Built from: models/things/publications/thing-q166231/spec.json