{ "model": { "rank": 4729, "code": "thing-q167934", "model_id": "vr.tr.serotonin", "name": "serotonin", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify serotonin, assess a material sample or biological observation, and determine which handling, measurement or interpretation actions its evidence supports.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q167934/", "tier": 2, "score": 73, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 73, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.serotonin", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q167934", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167934", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:52:53Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 23.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087f0-f320-7210-a6b1-394efd0a0c1e\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: serotonin\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.MAT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 regis", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 63.9, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087f0-f336-7e80-8ccb-cea6a7b98d25\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: serotonin\nRegistry id: vr.tr.serotonin\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nCont" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q167934", "registryId": "vr.tr.serotonin", "name": "serotonin", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q167934/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.serotonin", "name": "serotonin", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify serotonin, assess a material sample or biological observation, and determine which handling, measurement or interpretation actions its evidence supports.", "definition": "Serotonin, or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), is an endogenous indoleamine with molecular formula C10H12N2O that functions as a neurotransmitter and peripheral signalling molecule in animals.", "scope_statement": "This model owns serotonin as the chemical entity 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), including its material forms, sample quality, biological compartment and measurement context, while separating the substance from products, pathways and clinical conditions involving it.", "in_scope": [ "Chemical identity of serotonin and its relationship to protonated forms, salts and solvates", "Composition, purity, concentration and condition of serotonin-containing research materials", "Occurrence and measured state in specified biological compartments", "Evidence linking serotonin to synthesis, transport, receptor interaction and metabolism", "Analytical identification, quantification and sample handling", "Form-specific hazards, storage requirements and permitted uses" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Complete models of serotonin receptors, transporters and synthesising or metabolising enzymes", "Tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan, melatonin and serotonin metabolites as independent substances", "Medicines, supplements and formulated products affecting serotonergic signalling", "Complete models of mood, behaviour, gastrointestinal function or other physiological systems", "Diagnosis and treatment of serotonin syndrome or psychiatric conditions", "Manufacturing processes and laboratory protocols as independently managed activities" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Chemical structure must identify 5-hydroxytryptamine, including the hydroxyl substitution position, rather than merely identifying a related indoleamine.", "Identity checks must distinguish serotonin from its precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan and metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid.", "A serotonin salt must identify its counterion and stoichiometry; its weighed mass cannot automatically be treated as the same mass of serotonin free base.", "A measurement of serotonin must be distinguished from receptor activity, transporter occupancy or an indirect marker of serotonergic function.", "An observation must specify its compartment and specimen type; a peripheral measurement does not by itself establish serotonin concentration or signalling in the brain." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Chemical identity", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Verified structure, preferred name, synonyms and form-specific CAS, PubChem or EC identifiers where available", "why_it_matters": "Prevents similarly named compounds and different material forms from being treated as interchangeable." }, { "name": "Material form", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Free base, specified salt, solvate, hydrate or solution; counterion and stoichiometry where applicable", "why_it_matters": "Determines which molecular mass, concentration calculation and handling evidence apply." }, { "name": "Assay and impurity profile", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Purity or assay percentage with method and basis; identified impurities and their amounts", "why_it_matters": "Supports judgments about suitability and separates chemical purity from actual serotonin content." }, { "name": "Serotonin concentration", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mol/L, mass/volume or amount/tissue mass, with analyte basis and specimen matrix", "why_it_matters": "Makes measurements interpretable and prevents invalid comparisons between matrices or reporting conventions." }, { "name": "Physical and solution conditions", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Phase, solvent, pH, temperature in °C and relevant light or atmosphere conditions", "why_it_matters": "Conditions affect the material state and determine whether stability and measurement evidence are applicable." }, { "name": "Biological compartment", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Organism, tissue, cell type, fluid and intracellular or extracellular location", "why_it_matters": "Serotonin observations require a location before they can support physiological interpretation." }, { "name": "Analytical confidence", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Method, identity confirmation, calibration, detection and quantification limits, uncertainty and interference checks", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes a validated serotonin result from an unresolved or indirect signal." }, { "name": "Storage and degradation status", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Preparation date, storage history, freeze-thaw history where relevant, retest date and degradation evidence", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether a material or specimen remains suitable for its intended use." }, { "name": "Hazard and use status", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Form-specific safety data, applicable jurisdiction, supplier use designation and assessment date", "why_it_matters": "Supports handling and use decisions without assigning unsupported universal classifications." } ], "affordances": [ "Resolve a serotonin name or identifier to a verified chemical structure and material form.", "Calculate serotonin-equivalent amounts from a specified salt, assay and concentration basis.", "Assess whether a material lot or biological specimen is suitable for a proposed serotonin assay.", "Compare serotonin measurements when their matrices, units, methods and collection conditions are compatible.", "Trace a biological interpretation to compartment-specific measurements and mechanistic evidence.", "Select supported storage, handling or disposal actions from evidence applicable to the actual material." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "serotonin-identity-and-forms", "name": "Serotonin identity and forms", "description": "Establishes what counts as serotonin and how supplied forms relate to the chemical entity.", "rationale": "Names such as serotonin and 5-HT identify an entity, while salts and solutions require additional distinctions before quantities or properties can be transferred.", "layers": [ { "id": "molecular-recognition", "name": "Molecular recognition", "description": "Resolves serotonin identity and excludes related compounds.", "findings": [ { "id": "structure-backed-identity", "name": "Structure-backed identity", "description": "Require structural evidence behind identifier mappings and distinctions from precursors, metabolites and positional isomers.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which verified structure and identifiers establish that this record denotes 5-hydroxytryptamine?", "kind": "definition", "id": "structure-backed-identity-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes the identified material or analytical signal from 5-hydroxytryptophan, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and related indoleamines?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "structure-backed-identity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-quantity-basis", "name": "Form and quantity basis", "description": "Connects the supplied material to a defensible amount of serotonin.", "findings": [ { "id": "serotonin-equivalent-content", "name": "Serotonin-equivalent content", "description": "Make counterions, hydration, assay basis and reporting conventions explicit before converting mass or concentration.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the material free-base serotonin, a specified salt or a solution, and what counterion, stoichiometry and water or solvent content apply?", "kind": "definition", "id": "serotonin-equivalent-content-q01" }, { "text": "What molecular mass and assay basis should be used to calculate moles or free-base-equivalent mass of serotonin?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "serotonin-equivalent-content-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "serotonin-material-quality", "name": "Serotonin material quality", "description": "Assesses the identity, composition and continued suitability of a serotonin material.", "rationale": "A serotonin label alone does not establish usable content, solution behaviour or stability under actual storage conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "lot-composition-and-properties", "name": "Lot composition and properties", "description": "Captures evidence specific to the material form and lot.", "findings": [ { "id": "qualified-material-properties", "name": "Qualified material properties", "description": "Attach purity, impurities, solubility and thermal behaviour to the tested form and conditions rather than to the name alone.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which certificate or analytical result establishes serotonin content and relevant impurities for this lot?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "qualified-material-properties-q01" }, { "text": "Which solubility and thermal measurements apply to this form, under what conditions, and do reported thermal events involve decomposition?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "qualified-material-properties-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "solution-and-storage-integrity", "name": "Solution and storage integrity", "description": "Evaluates whether preparation and storage preserve a usable serotonin material.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-dependent-suitability", "name": "Condition-dependent suitability", "description": "Base continued use on evidence covering the actual solvent, pH, concentration, temperature and exposure history.", "questions": [ { "text": "What stability evidence covers this serotonin preparation's solvent, pH, temperature, light exposure and storage duration?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "condition-dependent-suitability-q01" }, { "text": "What observed change or elapsed storage interval requires re-assay, replacement or disposal before the intended use?", "kind": "action", "id": "condition-dependent-suitability-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "serotonin-biological-context", "name": "Serotonin biological context", "description": "Places serotonin observations within a defined organism, compartment and biological relationship.", "rationale": "Serotonin amount, availability and action cannot be interpreted reliably without distinguishing location, transport and target context.", "layers": [ { "id": "compartment-and-availability", "name": "Compartment and availability", "description": "Separates serotonin pools and constrains extrapolation between them.", "findings": [ { "id": "located-serotonin-pool", "name": "Located serotonin pool", "description": "Identify the measured pool and distinguish stored, released, intracellular and extracellular serotonin where the evidence allows.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which organism, tissue, cell type or fluid contains the observed serotonin, and which pool does the measurement represent?", "kind": "definition", "id": "located-serotonin-pool-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence permits or prevents extrapolation from this pool to another, particularly from a peripheral specimen to the central nervous system?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "located-serotonin-pool-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "turnover-and-target-relations", "name": "Turnover and target relations", "description": "Links serotonin to the processes and molecular targets needed to interpret a particular observation.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-biological-role", "name": "Supported biological role", "description": "Distinguish measured serotonin abundance from evidence about synthesis, uptake, metabolism or receptor-mediated effects.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which synthesis, release, transport or metabolic relationships are supported in this biological context, and by which evidence?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "supported-biological-role-q01" }, { "text": "Is the claimed effect supported by a serotonin measurement, a specified receptor response or an indirect proxy, and what inference does that evidence justify?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "supported-biological-role-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "serotonin-measurement-and-use", "name": "Serotonin measurement and use", "description": "Determines whether a serotonin result is reliable and whether a proposed material action is supported.", "rationale": "Specimen processing can change the measured serotonin pool, while safe handling requirements depend on the actual preparation and use.", "layers": [ { "id": "specimen-and-assay-validity", "name": "Specimen and assay validity", "description": "Qualifies collection, processing and analytical selectivity.", "findings": [ { "id": "interpretable-serotonin-result", "name": "Interpretable serotonin result", "description": "Require matrix-specific validation and enough processing history to explain what the reported concentration represents.", "questions": [ { "text": "For blood-derived specimens, was serotonin measured in whole blood, serum or a defined plasma preparation, and how were clotting, platelet carryover and processing delay controlled?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "interpretable-serotonin-result-q01" }, { "text": "How does the assay establish serotonin selectivity, recovery, calibration and uncertainty in this matrix, including interference from related compounds?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "interpretable-serotonin-result-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-use-decisions", "name": "Handling and use decisions", "description": "Connects the specific serotonin preparation to applicable handling evidence and intended-use constraints.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-supported-material-action", "name": "Evidence-supported material action", "description": "Use current documentation for the actual form and preparation to determine handling, disposal and suitability.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which current safety documentation and jurisdiction-specific requirements apply to this serotonin form, concentration and solvent?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "evidence-supported-material-action-q01" }, { "text": "Given its grade, condition and intended use, what handling or disposal action is supported, and what missing evidence prevents proceeding?", "kind": "action", "id": "evidence-supported-material-action-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This is recalled knowledge; no sources were consulted.", "The listed kinds distinguish supplied chemical forms, not different endogenous serotonin molecules.", "Verify form-specific purity, stability, thermal properties and safety classification before adding specifications; biological concentrations require a defined specimen and analytical method." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of serotonin this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Serotonin free base", "Serotonin hydrochloride", "Serotonin creatinine sulfate complex" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of serotonin this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "CAS Registry Number", "value_or_pattern": "50-67-9", "note": "Identifies serotonin free base; salts and complexes have separate identities." }, { "scheme": "PubChem CID", "value_or_pattern": "5202", "note": "Serotonin compound record." }, { "scheme": "Chemical nomenclature", "value_or_pattern": "3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indol-5-ol", "note": "Systematic name; common synonyms include 5-hydroxytryptamine and 5-HT." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of serotonin this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Research reagent for studying serotonin receptors, transporters and signalling pathways.", "Analytical reference material for measuring serotonin in biological samples.", "Experimental investigation of intestinal motility, platelet responses and nervous-system function." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of serotonin this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Molar mass of the free base", "typical_range": "176.22", "unit": "g/mol" }, { "quantity": "Molecular formula of the free base", "typical_range": "C10H12N2O", "unit": "not applicable" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of serotonin this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Excessive serotonergic signalling can produce serotonin toxicity; this biological hazard is distinct from the handling classification of a laboratory reagent.", "Oxidation and unsuitable storage can degrade serotonin preparations and compromise experiments.", "Confusing free-base mass with salt or complex mass produces incorrect concentration calculations.", "Sample handling and platelet release can substantially affect measured blood serotonin.", "Peripheral serotonin measurements do not directly establish serotonin activity in the brain." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of serotonin this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Chemical labelling and supply requirements depend on jurisdiction and the specific salt, complex or formulation." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of serotonin this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Tryptophan", "difference": "An amino acid precursor of serotonin, rather than the indoleamine signalling molecule." }, { "name": "5-Hydroxytryptophan", "difference": "The immediate biosynthetic precursor; decarboxylation converts it into serotonin." }, { "name": "Tryptamine", "difference": "Lacks serotonin's hydroxyl group at the 5-position of the indole ring." }, { "name": "Melatonin", "difference": "A distinct molecule synthesized from serotonin through acetylation and methylation." }, { "name": "5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid", "difference": "A major serotonin metabolite, rather than serotonin itself." }, { "name": "Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor", "difference": "A drug class that inhibits serotonin transport; its members are not serotonin." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of serotonin this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which authoritative identifiers correspond to serotonin free base and the material forms this registry entry must cover?", "Which form-specific physical constants and stability studies are reliable enough to support practical storage and preparation decisions?", "Which current hazard classifications or exposure limits, if any, apply to each relevant preparation and jurisdiction?", "Which specimen-processing requirements and analytical methods support comparable serotonin measurements across the intended biological matrices?", "Does an existing Vercy world model already own this chemical entity, and which biological interpretations should be linked to neighbouring models?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 16, "questions": 24 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a serotonin, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to identify serotonin, assess a material sample or biological observation, and determine which handling, measurement or interpretation actions its evidence supports.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 73 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a serotonin, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 73 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one serotonin from another, and a serotonin from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a serotonin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a serotonin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a serotonin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a serotonin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a serotonin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a serotonin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a serotonin sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a serotonin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a serotonin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a serotonin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a serotonin from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a serotonin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a serotonin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a serotonin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a serotonin is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a serotonin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a serotonin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a serotonin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a serotonin is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a serotonin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a serotonin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a serotonin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a serotonin is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a serotonin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a serotonin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a serotonin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a serotonin is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a serotonin is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a serotonin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a serotonin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a serotonin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a serotonin is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a serotonin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a serotonin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a serotonin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a serotonin passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a serotonin between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a serotonin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a serotonin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a serotonin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a serotonin, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a serotonin is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a serotonin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a serotonin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a serotonin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a serotonin and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a serotonin is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a serotonin performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a serotonin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a serotonin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a serotonin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a serotonin.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a serotonin at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a serotonin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a serotonin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a serotonin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a serotonin there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a serotonin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a serotonin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a serotonin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What serotonin is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name serotonin unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of serotonin exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How serotonin behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of serotonin, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is serotonin incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How serotonin can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is serotonin classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover serotonin, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a serotonin came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a serotonin and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a serotonin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a serotonin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a serotonin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a serotonin is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a serotonin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a serotonin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a serotonin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }