{ "model": { "rank": 6357, "code": "thing-q167987", "model_id": "vr.tr.tai-chi-chuan", "name": "Tai chi chuan", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a Tai chi chuan practice, assess its documented teaching and practice state, and identify appropriate next steps without inferring martial competence or therapeutic benefit from its name alone.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.KNW", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q167987/", "tier": 2, "score": 61, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Sun Style Tai Chi (Taijiquan)", "Dongyue style taiji quan", "Taoist Tai Chi" ], "aliasCount": 3, "merged": 3, "knownIn": 61, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q167987", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167987", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T14:00:41Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.00940712, "turns": 1, "seconds": 88.5, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 74.5, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c28-861f-7ce1-ab74-274ca4197ad1\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Tai chi chuan\nRegistry id: vr.tr.tai-chi-chuan\nPlane / domain: INF / INF.MED\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q167987", "registryId": "vr.tr.tai-chi-chuan", "name": "Tai chi chuan", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.MED" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q167987/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.tai-chi-chuan", "name": "Tai chi chuan", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a Tai chi chuan practice, assess its documented teaching and practice state, and identify appropriate next steps without inferring martial competence or therapeutic benefit from its name alone.", "definition": "Tai chi chuan (taijiquan) is a Chinese internal martial art whose practice organises slow, continuous, whole-body movement around a shifting centre of gravity, coordinated breathing, and trained yield-and-redirect force (jin), used as a fighting method, a health exercise, and a competitive wushu taolu form.", "scope_statement": "This model owns Tai chi chuan as a transmitted movement and martial practice, including its claimed identity, movement principles, repertoire, training methods, progression and adaptations; it distinguishes the tradition from a particular class, practitioner or health intervention.", "in_scope": [ "Practice identity, named style, transmission claims and relationship to Tai chi chuan", "Movement principles and observable criteria used by the practice", "Forms, component movements, weapons repertoire where present and their relationships", "Solo practice, partner exercises and the interpretation of martial applications", "Teaching progression, practice conditions and declared adaptations" ], "out_of_scope": [ "A practitioner's medical record, diagnosis or treatment plan", "Clinical evidence appraisal for a specific therapeutic intervention", "Class scheduling, enrolment, fees and venue administration", "General qigong, meditation or other martial arts except where their relationship to this practice requires recording", "Manufacture, ownership and legal classification of training weapons" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Check whether the practice explicitly identifies as Tai chi chuan and provides a traceable teaching source; a promotional label alone leaves its identity unverified.", "Check whether instruction connects named movements or sequences to explicit Tai chi chuan principles; slow movement alone is insufficient to establish identity.", "Check how the practice relates its movements to martial interpretation, including whether that material is taught, omitted or unknown; its omission from a class does not by itself resolve the practice's identity.", "Check whether breathing or standing exercises are supporting methods within a Tai chi chuan curriculum or constitute a separate qigong offering.", "Check whether shortened, seated or otherwise modified material retains a documented relationship to a named source practice rather than treating adaptation as either automatic equivalence or automatic exclusion." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Declared style and teaching source", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Named style, branch, teacher or source curriculum, with attribution status", "why_it_matters": "Provides context for interpreting terminology and differences without imposing one branch's conventions on all practices." }, { "name": "Practice emphasis", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Multiple values permitted: martial training, general wellbeing, cultural transmission, performance, competition, other stated emphasis, unspecified", "why_it_matters": "Explains what the offering intends to develop and what should not be inferred from participation." }, { "name": "Repertoire relationship", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Named form or exercise linked to its source, version and declared modifications", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes related sequences and adaptations that may share a name." }, { "name": "Training mode", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Solo sequence, component drill, standing exercise, partner sensitivity drill, application drill, free partner practice, weapon practice", "why_it_matters": "Identifies the material actually practised and the conditions needed to participate." }, { "name": "Movement demand", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Where relevant: sequence duration in minutes, repetitions, support-base width in centimetres and joint angles in degrees; measurement method required", "why_it_matters": "Makes an exercise's physical demands and adaptations more explicit without treating one numerical range as universally correct." }, { "name": "Partner interaction conditions", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Contact areas, fixed or moving steps, cooperative or resisting interaction, permitted techniques and stopping rules", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a label such as push hands from concealing materially different activities." }, { "name": "Learning readiness", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Not assessed, practising with guidance, demonstrated under stated conditions, ready for a specified next exercise", "why_it_matters": "Ties progression to a particular observed task rather than a general claim of mastery." }, { "name": "Adaptation status", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Source version, documented adaptation, modification awaiting review, relationship to source unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Supports accessible practice while keeping changes and their implications visible." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify the declared practice and flag unresolved style, source or naming relationships.", "Compare two curricula by movement principles, repertoire and training modes while preserving branch-specific distinctions.", "Select a documented exercise compatible with a learner's recorded readiness and stated participation constraints.", "Record observations against an instructor's explicit movement criteria and identify what requires further assessment.", "Trace a modified sequence to its source and explain which demands or teaching objectives changed.", "Determine whether a proposed partner or weapon exercise meets its documented prerequisites and practice conditions." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "unesco-ich-taijiquan", "title": "Taijiquan", "url": "https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/taijiquan-00424", "what_it_supports": "Official inscription of taijiquan as living heritage of China (2020), community practice, and the name Taijiquan rather than a trademarked fitness brand.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "wikidata-q193529", "title": "taijiquan (Q193529)", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193529", "what_it_supports": "Canonical identifier, aliases (tai chi, t'ai chi ch'uan, 太极拳), and classification as a Chinese martial art / neijia.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "iwuf-taolu-rules", "title": "Wushu Taolu Competition Rules and Judging Methods", "url": "https://www.iwuf.org/", "what_it_supports": "How competitive taijiquan is scored as an IWUF taolu event (compulsory and optional routines, time, difficulty, and deductions).", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "nhs-tai-chi", "title": "Tai chi", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Public-health use in the UK as a low-impact exercise for balance, mobility, and older adults.", "url_status": "dead" }, { "id": "cochrane-tai-chi-falls", "title": "Tai Chi for preventing falls in older people", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Clinical-trial synthesis treating tai chi as a structured exercise intervention with measured fall-rate outcomes, distinct from martial pedagogy." } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-transmission", "name": "Identity and transmission", "description": "How this practice identifies itself as Tai chi chuan and explains its teaching origins.", "rationale": "Names and transmission claims affect interpretation but must remain distinguishable from verified provenance.", "layers": [ { "id": "practice-identification", "name": "Practice identification", "description": "The names and scope used for the practice under review.", "findings": [ { "id": "declared-style-and-boundary", "name": "Declared style and boundary", "description": "Record the practice's self-description and the evidence needed to distinguish a tradition, a curriculum and a branded adaptation.", "questions": [ { "text": "What style, branch or curriculum does this practice name, and what does that designation mean to its teachers?", "kind": "definition", "id": "declared-style-and-boundary-q01" }, { "text": "Which parts are presented as Tai chi chuan, and which are separately identified as qigong, conditioning or another practice?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "declared-style-and-boundary-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "teaching-provenance", "name": "Teaching provenance", "description": "Attribution of material to teachers, documents and source curricula.", "findings": [ { "id": "transmission-claims", "name": "Transmission claims", "description": "Keep claimed transmission, supporting records and unresolved relationships separately identifiable.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which teachers, manuals or recordings are identified as sources for the material actually taught?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "transmission-claims-q01" }, { "text": "Which lineage or authorship claims have supporting evidence, and which remain attributed statements or disputed accounts?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "transmission-claims-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-principles", "name": "Movement principles", "description": "The practice's account of coordinated movement and how that account can be observed.", "rationale": "Recognising a sequence does not establish that its intended movement qualities are present.", "layers": [ { "id": "posture-and-weight-transfer", "name": "Posture and weight transfer", "description": "Criteria for support, alignment, stepping and transitions.", "findings": [ { "id": "support-and-transition-criteria", "name": "Support and transition criteria", "description": "Capture exercise-specific expectations for weight distribution and changes of support.", "questions": [ { "text": "How does the teacher define the intended weight distribution, supporting leg and stepping sequence for this movement?", "kind": "definition", "id": "support-and-transition-criteria-q01" }, { "text": "What observable signs distinguish a controlled transition from unintended loss of balance under the stated exercise conditions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "support-and-transition-criteria-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "coordination-and-effort", "name": "Coordination and effort", "description": "Operational meanings of movement-quality instructions.", "findings": [ { "id": "interpreting-principle-language", "name": "Interpreting principle language", "description": "Record how terms such as relaxation, continuity and whole-body coordination are explained and assessed in this teaching context.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do this practice's instructions about relaxation, continuity and coordination require a learner to do?", "kind": "definition", "id": "interpreting-principle-language-q01" }, { "text": "Which observations or demonstrations support an assessment of those qualities, and which judgments remain subjective?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "interpreting-principle-language-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "forms-and-repertoire", "name": "Forms and repertoire", "description": "The sequences and component exercises that constitute the taught material.", "rationale": "An agent needs to identify versions and dependencies without assuming that shared names or movement counts imply identical content.", "layers": [ { "id": "sequence-identity", "name": "Sequence identity", "description": "Names, ordering and version relationships for forms.", "findings": [ { "id": "form-version-and-composition", "name": "Form version and composition", "description": "Describe a form through its source, ordered content and counting convention.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which named form and version is taught, and how are its movements or sections counted?", "kind": "definition", "id": "form-version-and-composition-q01" }, { "text": "What source establishes its ordering, and where does the taught version depart from that source?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "form-version-and-composition-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "component-and-weapon-material", "name": "Component and weapon material", "description": "Relationships between form sections, isolated drills and any weapon exercises.", "findings": [ { "id": "repertoire-dependencies", "name": "Repertoire dependencies", "description": "Identify what each component develops and what preparation is required before introducing it.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which isolated drills support particular form sections, and what movement objective links each drill to its section?", "kind": "definition", "id": "repertoire-dependencies-q01" }, { "text": "If weapon material is included, what implement, space, handling instruction and prior learning does its introduction require?", "kind": "action", "id": "repertoire-dependencies-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "partner-work-and-application", "name": "Partner work and application", "description": "How contact exercises and martial interpretations relate to the solo curriculum.", "rationale": "Solo performance, cooperative partner work and practice against resistance provide different evidence of ability.", "layers": [ { "id": "contact-exercise-contract", "name": "Contact exercise contract", "description": "The agreed conditions of push hands and other partner drills where taught.", "findings": [ { "id": "partner-drill-conditions", "name": "Partner drill conditions", "description": "Make the drill's task, permitted interaction and stopping conditions explicit.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the drill's objective, contact areas, stepping rules, resistance level and permitted techniques?", "kind": "definition", "id": "partner-drill-conditions-q01" }, { "text": "What agreement, supervision and stopping signal must be established before partners begin or increase resistance?", "kind": "action", "id": "partner-drill-conditions-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "application-and-demonstrated-ability", "name": "Application and demonstrated ability", "description": "Relationships between movement interpretations and the conditions under which they have been demonstrated.", "findings": [ { "id": "application-evidence-boundary", "name": "Application evidence boundary", "description": "Distinguish an explained application from an ability demonstrated in a specified partner task.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which martial interpretations are assigned to this movement, and who or what supplies those interpretations?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "application-evidence-boundary-q01" }, { "text": "Under what partner cooperation, resistance and task constraints was an application demonstrated, and what broader ability remains unassessed?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "application-evidence-boundary-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "learning-and-adaptation", "name": "Learning and adaptation", "description": "Progression through the material and deliberate changes to its demands.", "rationale": "An agent must connect proposed next steps to observed readiness and documented modifications.", "layers": [ { "id": "progression-decisions", "name": "Progression decisions", "description": "Criteria for selecting and advancing practice tasks.", "findings": [ { "id": "readiness-for-next-exercise", "name": "Readiness for the next exercise", "description": "Tie progression to the demands of a named exercise and a bounded assessment.", "questions": [ { "text": "What must a learner demonstrate before moving from a component drill to a longer sequence or from solo work to a specified partner task?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "readiness-for-next-exercise-q01" }, { "text": "Which exercise should follow the recorded assessment, and what observation would require returning to a simpler task?", "kind": "action", "id": "readiness-for-next-exercise-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "adaptation-and-claim-limits", "name": "Adaptation and claim limits", "description": "Changes to practice content and the limits of conclusions drawn from participation.", "findings": [ { "id": "documented-practice-modifications", "name": "Documented practice modifications", "description": "Track changes such as reduced stance depth, seated performance, shorter sequences or omitted contact work against their intended teaching objectives.", "questions": [ { "text": "What has been changed from the source exercise, for what stated participation need, and which teaching objectives are retained or deferred?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "documented-practice-modifications-q01" }, { "text": "What review is required before changing the modification, and which claimed health outcomes require assessment in a separate evidence or care model?", "kind": "action", "id": "documented-practice-modifications-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Chen style (laojia, xinjia, xiaojia, and associated weapons and push-hands)", "Yang style (including the publicised large-frame forms derived from Yang Luchan and Yang Chengfu)", "Wu/Hao style (Wu Yuxiang / Hao Weizhen small-frame lineage)", "Wu style (Wu Jianquan, medium frame with distinctive leaning alignment)", "Sun style (Sun Lutang synthesis with xingyiquan and baguazhang footwork)", "He style and Zhaobao lineage forms", "Competition taolu (IWUF / Chinese Wushu Association standardised routines, including 24-form and 42-form)", "Medical and community tai chi (falls-prevention, cardiac rehab, and arthritis programmes that retain the name but drop martial application)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of Tai chi chuan this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q193529", "note": "Item labelled taijiquan; aliases include tai chi, tai chi chuan, t'ai chi ch'uan, 太极拳." }, { "scheme": "UNESCO ICH", "value_or_pattern": "00424", "note": "Element inscribed in 2020 on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, submitted by China, titled Taijiquan." }, { "scheme": "Library of Congress Subject Headings", "value_or_pattern": "Tai chi", "note": "Authorized heading; older cataloguing also uses T'ai chi ch'üan." }, { "scheme": "MeSH", "value_or_pattern": "Tai Ji", "note": "Medical Subject Heading for the exercise/therapy literature; not a martial-arts taxonomy." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of Tai chi chuan this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "UNESCO 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage - inscription of Taijiquan (element 00424, 2020) as living heritage of China.", "International Wushu Federation (IWUF) Wushu Taolu Competition Rules and Judging Methods - govern competitive taijiquan routines, timing, scoring, and uniform/equipment at recognised events.", "Chinese Wushu Association / General Administration of Sport of China - national competition routines (e.g. 24-form, 42-form, 48-form) and grading/duan systems used in the PRC.", "Instructor and provider regulation is local, not global: in many jurisdictions community classes sit under ordinary sports-club, gym, or healthcare-professional licensing; medical claims may fall under consumer-protection and advertising rules (e.g. UK CAP/ASA, US FTC) rather than a dedicated tai chi statute." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of Tai chi chuan this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Morning park practice in China and the Chinese diaspora: group 24-form or style-specific routines, often with music, as daily exercise and social ritual.", "Martial instruction in family and school lineages: empty-hand forms, weapons (jian, dao, spear, fan), partner drills, and tuishou (push-hands) as a method of training yield, timing, and balance under contact.", "IWUF and national wushu championships: timed solo taolu, sometimes with compulsory difficulty movements, judged on quality of movement and athletic criteria.", "Clinical and community health programmes: falls-prevention classes for older adults, cardiac and pulmonary rehab adjuncts, arthritis and fibromyalgia groups, and workplace wellness sessions using simplified forms.", "Performing-arts and tourism display: choreographed group demonstrations at festivals, cultural institutes, and school physical-education modules." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Tai chi chuan this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Solo form duration (competition taijiquan taolu)", "typical_range": "3-6 (compulsory/optional adult routines commonly ~3-4; some traditional long forms 15-30+)", "unit": "min" }, { "quantity": "Session length (class or park practice)", "typical_range": "45-90", "unit": "min" }, { "quantity": "Cadence of a slow Yang-style long form", "typical_range": "about 0.2-0.5 continuous movements per second in public health classes; traditional long forms are slower still", "unit": "1/s" }, { "quantity": "Programme dose in falls-prevention trials", "typical_range": "1-3 sessions per week for 8-24 weeks, often totalling 12-50 hours", "unit": "h" }, { "quantity": "Stance height / knee flexion in low Chen-style postures", "typical_range": "often 90-130 at the loaded knee in athletic practice; community classes stay much higher", "unit": "deg" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of Tai chi chuan this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Musculoskeletal overload: deep stances, prolonged single-leg postures, and poorly scaled 'low frame' work can provoke knee, hip, or lumbar pain, especially in older or osteoarthritic practitioners.", "Falls and fractures during class: the same balance training that reduces long-term fall risk can cause acute trips, especially on uneven park ground or when turning with eyes closed or while holding a weapon.", "False medical substitution: using tai chi in place of indicated cardiac, oncologic, or fall-workup care, or advertising unproven disease-cure claims.", "Lineage and credential fraud: inflated master titles, purchased certificates, and forms taught without partner work presented as complete martial training.", "Competitive injury: IWUF-style difficulty jumps, kicks, and weapons work introduce sprain, strain, and impact risks closer to gymnastics than to park practice.", "Push-hands contact injuries: uncontrolled force, wrist locks, or poorly matched partners causing sprain or fall." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Tai chi chuan this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Name: Mandarin 太极拳 (tàijíquán); English tai chi, tai chi chuan, taijiquan; Wade-Giles t'ai chi ch'uan; in some European languages tai-chi or taiji. 'Tai chi' in fitness marketing often means a generic slow-movement class, not a named martial lineage.", "PRC public practice is dominated by the simplified 24-form (Beijing, 1956) and later competition routines; family styles (Chenjiagou, Yang family, Wu, Sun, He/Zhaobao) remain the reference for traditionalists.", "Taiwan, Hong Kong, and overseas Chinatowns preserve older Yang, Wu, and mixed school names and a stronger tuishou culture in some clubs.", "Japan, Europe, and North America split between martial schools (often via Cheng Man-ch'ing, Dong, or Wu lineages) and healthcare/community tai chi (Tai Chi for Arthritis, Tai Chi for Health Institute, NHS and CDC-adjacent programmes) that share little pedagogy with Chen village practice.", "Competition judging (IWUF) is a global athletic standard that many traditional schools reject as not being taijiquan in the martial sense." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Tai chi chuan this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Qigong (including Baduanjin and other health qigong sets)", "difference": "Qigong is a broader category of breath-and-intention exercises; taijiquan is a martial art with a linked form, martial applications, and typically a partner curriculum. A set without a fighting syllabus and without taiji-specific stepping and silk-reeling is qigong, even if it is slow and circular." }, { "name": "Other neijia: xingyiquan and baguazhang", "difference": "Xingyiquan is linear, five-element/twelve-animal striking with short explosive steps; baguazhang is circle-walking with continuous palm changes. Taijiquan is distinguished by the slow continuous form as the core solo training and by peng-lu-ji-an (the four primary jin) as the organising force model." }, { "name": "External Chinese martial arts (e.g. Changquan, Nanquan) and karate/taekwondo forms", "difference": "External styles train visible speed, impact, and athletic extension first; taijiquan trains relaxation, yield, and whole-body connection first, even when the same kick or punch appears. Competition wushu taijiquan can look athletic; the test is still the presence of the slow continuous force quality and the taiji stepping/weight-shift grammar." }, { "name": "Yoga asana and Pilates", "difference": "Those are non-martial movement systems organised around postures, breath, or core control without a Chinese martial application set or tuishou. Shared benefits (balance, calm) do not make them taijiquan." }, { "name": "Meditation or 'moving Zen' branding", "difference": "Taijiquan may be practised contemplatively, but it remains a martial art with a form and (in complete schools) applications. Sitting or standing meditation without the form is not tai chi chuan." }, { "name": "Taiji as cosmology (yin-yang / Taiji diagram)", "difference": "The philosophical Taiji is a cosmological principle; taijiquan is a named martial practice that uses that metaphor. Sharing the word does not make a cosmology lecture or a logo into the art." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Tai chi chuan this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which minimum identity criteria can accommodate the relevant Tai chi chuan branches and adaptations without making a teacher's self-designation sufficient evidence?", "Which movement principles have comparable meanings across branches, and which require branch-specific definitions and assessment criteria?", "Which form names, movement counts and version relationships can be established from traceable teaching sources?", "How should heavily modified wellbeing programmes relate to their source curricula when martial interpretation and partner work are absent?", "Which progression judgments can be supported by repeatable observations, and which require an instructor's contextual assessment?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "discipline or field of knowledge", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Tai chi chuan, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a Tai chi chuan practice, assess its documented teaching and practice state, and identify appropriate next steps without inferring martial competence or therapeutic benefit from its name alone.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Sun Style Tai Chi (Taijiquan), Dongyue style taiji quan, Taoist Tai Chi.", "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 61 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Tai chi chuan, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says" ], "howItIsRecognised": [], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Sun Style Tai Chi (Taijiquan)", "Dongyue style taiji quan", "Taoist Tai Chi" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 61 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Tai chi chuan from another, and a Tai chi chuan from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Tai chi chuan, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Tai chi chuan, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Tai chi chuan is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Tai chi chuan, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Tai chi chuan, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Tai chi chuan is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Tai chi chuan sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Tai chi chuan, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Tai chi chuan, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Tai chi chuan is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Tai chi chuan from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Tai chi chuan, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Tai chi chuan, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Tai chi chuan is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Tai chi chuan passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Tai chi chuan between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Tai chi chuan, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Tai chi chuan, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Tai chi chuan is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Tai chi chuan, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Tai chi chuan is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Tai chi chuan, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Tai chi chuan, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Tai chi chuan is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a Tai chi chuan says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a Tai chi chuan contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a Tai chi chuan, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a Tai chi chuan, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a Tai chi chuan is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a Tai chi chuan and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a Tai chi chuan, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a Tai chi chuan, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a Tai chi chuan is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "subject-and-method", "name": "Subject matter and method", "description": "What Tai chi chuan studies and how it establishes anything.", "rationale": "A field is identified by its questions and its methods, and those are what distinguish it from the fields next to it.", "layers": [ { "id": "subject", "name": "Subject matter", "description": "The questions it takes as its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "subject-record", "name": "Questions and objects of study", "description": "What it is about, stated so a neighbouring field can be told apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "subject-record-q01", "text": "What questions and objects does Tai chi chuan take as its own?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "subject-record-q02", "text": "Which questions does it share with a neighbouring field, and who claims them?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "method", "name": "Method and evidence", "description": "How claims are established and what counts as evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "method-record", "name": "Methods and standards of evidence", "description": "The methods used and what they are taken to establish.", "questions": [ { "id": "method-record-q01", "text": "By what methods does Tai chi chuan establish claims, and what counts as sufficient evidence?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "method-record-q02", "text": "What kind of claim can this field not settle, and where should an agent look instead?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "institutions-and-classification", "name": "Institutions and classification", "description": "Where Tai chi chuan is practised and how catalogues place it.", "rationale": "The institutional footprint is the evidence that a field exists as a field rather than as a topic.", "layers": [ { "id": "institutions", "name": "Institutional markers", "description": "Societies, journals, degrees and departments.", "findings": [ { "id": "institution-record", "name": "Bodies and venues", "description": "Where the field organises itself.", "questions": [ { "id": "institution-record-q01", "text": "Which societies, journals or degrees mark Tai chi chuan as an established field?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "institution-record-q02", "text": "What would show that it is emerging or dissolving rather than established?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification", "name": "Classification schemes", "description": "Where library and research classifications put it.", "findings": [ { "id": "classification-record", "name": "Codes and their disagreements", "description": "The classification codes that place it, and where they differ.", "questions": [ { "id": "classification-record-q01", "text": "Which classification schemes place Tai chi chuan, under what codes?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classification-record-q02", "text": "Where do those schemes disagree about its scope?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Tai chi chuan came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Tai chi chuan and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Tai chi chuan, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Tai chi chuan, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Tai chi chuan is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Tai chi chuan is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Tai chi chuan, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Tai chi chuan, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Tai chi chuan is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }