{ "model": { "rank": 5055, "code": "thing-q169917", "model_id": "vr.tr.graphene", "name": "graphene", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise graphene, assess the condition and fitness of a particular specimen or grade, and identify justified handling, processing and use decisions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q169917/", "tier": 2, "score": 70, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "JRCNM48001a", "Sulfonated graphene", "Graphene foam" ], "aliasCount": 3, "merged": 3, "knownIn": 70, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q169917", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169917", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T21:34:08Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 23.9, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08816-cbfd-7400-8dbc-477631ecfaaa\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: graphene\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.MAT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 regist", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 58, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08816-cbf7-7883-94b5-b4e36e583043\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: graphene\nRegistry id: vr.tr.graphene\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContex" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q169917", "registryId": "vr.tr.graphene", "name": "graphene", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q169917/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.graphene", "name": "graphene", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise graphene, assess the condition and fitness of a particular specimen or grade, and identify justified handling, processing and use decisions.", "definition": "Graphene is a two-dimensional allotrope of carbon consisting of a single atomic layer of predominantly sp²-bonded carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice.", "scope_statement": "This model owns graphene as a carbon material and the specimen-level evidence needed to distinguish its layer structure, chemistry, morphology, properties and usable state; adjacent graphene-related materials are recorded as boundary cases rather than silently treated as equivalent.", "in_scope": [ "Graphene identity, layer count and evidence separating graphene from related carbon materials", "Lateral dimensions, coverage, stacking, defects and surface chemistry", "Specimen form, substrate or dispersion context, contamination and processing history", "Electrical, mechanical, thermal and optical properties under stated measurement conditions", "Grade-specific suitability, handling constraints and changes during storage or processing" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Graphite, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide as independently specified materials", "Complete composites, inks, coatings and devices that contain graphene", "Production equipment and manufacturing processes as systems in their own right", "Carbon nanotubes, fullerenes and other carbon allotropes", "Application performance inferred solely from idealised graphene properties" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Require evidence of sheet-like carbon with the bonding and lattice characteristics expected of graphene; a carbon-rich composition alone does not establish identity.", "Use measured layer count and stacking evidence to distinguish monolayer graphene from few-layer material, graphite and mixed populations.", "Assess oxygen-containing groups and other chemical modifications to distinguish graphene from graphene oxide or reduced graphene oxide.", "Record lateral dimensions and aggregation separately from thickness so that a graphite platelet or folded aggregate is not identified by its trade name alone.", "Separate the graphene constituent from its substrate, liquid carrier or composite host when interpreting identity and measured properties." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Identity designation and evidence", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Reported designation, operational definition, applicable terminology source and confidence", "why_it_matters": "Makes supplier labels testable and prevents incompatible graphene-related grades from being treated as interchangeable." }, { "name": "Layer count and stacking", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Number of layers or population distribution; stacking classification and measurement method", "why_it_matters": "Supports identity decisions and interpretation of electronic and other properties." }, { "name": "Lateral dimensions and coverage", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "nm or µm with distribution; film coverage in percent", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes dispersed flakes from continuous films and constrains integration choices." }, { "name": "Defects and structural disorder", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Method-specific metrics, including Raman intensity ratios with excitation wavelength and analysis assumptions", "why_it_matters": "Allows assessment of structural quality without treating one proxy as a universal defect count." }, { "name": "Surface chemistry and impurities", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Atomic or mass fractions with method and detection limits; identified functional groups and residues", "why_it_matters": "Separates chemical modification from contamination and helps explain changes in behaviour." }, { "name": "Physical presentation", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Supported film, suspended sheet, dry flakes, powder or dispersion; aggregation and integrity state", "why_it_matters": "Determines relevant measurements, processing operations and exposure pathways." }, { "name": "Support or carrier", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Linked substrate, solvent, surfactant or host material; interface or concentration description", "why_it_matters": "Identifies environmental contributions to apparent graphene properties." }, { "name": "Application-relevant performance", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Sheet resistance in Ω/□, mobility in cm²/(V·s), thermal conductivity in W/(m·K), optical transmittance in percent, or mechanical metrics with stated conventions", "why_it_matters": "Permits comparisons only when specimen geometry, test conditions and measurement definitions are compatible." }, { "name": "Handling and identity documentation", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Grade-specific safety data, supplier identifiers, applicable chemical identifiers and jurisdiction-specific records", "why_it_matters": "Connects handling decisions to the actual material form and documentation rather than to the word graphene alone." } ], "affordances": [ "Classify a specimen against an explicit graphene definition and flag insufficient or conflicting identity evidence.", "Compare candidate grades using layer distributions, chemistry, morphology and measurements made under compatible conditions.", "Select further characterisation to resolve uncertainty about defects, residues, layer count or film continuity.", "Assess whether a specimen can meet stated requirements for transfer, dispersion, coating or device integration.", "Track changes caused by storage, transfer, cleaning or other processing and trigger requalification where needed.", "Determine handling and disposal steps from the documented specimen form, carrier and applicable safety evidence." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "graphene-identity-and-boundaries", "name": "Graphene identity and boundaries", "description": "Establish what the graphene designation means for the material being assessed and what evidence supports it.", "rationale": "Graphene labels can conceal differences in layer count and chemical modification that change both identity and fitness for use.", "layers": [ { "id": "layer-structure", "name": "Layer structure", "description": "Resolve sheet structure, layer count and the representativeness of the measurements.", "findings": [ { "id": "layer-count-evidence", "name": "Layer-count evidence", "description": "Record the measured layer population and the definition used to accept or qualify the graphene designation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which operational definition distinguishes graphene, few-layer material and graphite for this assessment?", "kind": "definition", "id": "layer-count-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which measurements establish layer count and stacking, and how much of the specimen or batch do they represent?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "layer-count-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Separate the carbon sheet's chemical state from trade names and adjacent material categories.", "findings": [ { "id": "oxidation-and-modification-boundary", "name": "Oxidation and modification boundary", "description": "Capture evidence needed to distinguish graphene from oxidised, reduced or deliberately functionalised related materials.", "questions": [ { "text": "What measurements establish bonding, oxygen-containing groups and deliberate functionalisation?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "oxidation-and-modification-boundary-q01" }, { "text": "Does the observed chemistry require a graphene-related material designation or a link to a neighbouring material model?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "oxidation-and-modification-boundary-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "sheet-quality-and-specimen-form", "name": "Sheet quality and specimen form", "description": "Describe the actual sheets, their imperfections and their arrangement in the supplied specimen.", "rationale": "A continuous supported sheet and an aggregated flake powder require different quality judgements even when both are labelled graphene.", "layers": [ { "id": "morphology-and-continuity", "name": "Morphology and continuity", "description": "Characterise flake dimensions or film continuity using measurements appropriate to the specimen form.", "findings": [ { "id": "usable-sheet-geometry", "name": "Usable sheet geometry", "description": "Record size distributions, coverage, folds, tears and aggregation that constrain usable graphene area.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the lateral-size distribution and layer-thickness distribution for flakes, or coverage and continuity for a film?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "usable-sheet-geometry-q01" }, { "text": "Which folds, tears, wrinkles or aggregates prevent the intended transfer, dispersion or integration operation?", "kind": "action", "id": "usable-sheet-geometry-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "defects-and-residues", "name": "Defects and residues", "description": "Distinguish lattice disorder, edge contributions and extrinsic contamination.", "findings": [ { "id": "quality-metric-interpretation", "name": "Quality metric interpretation", "description": "Attach methods and interpretation limits to claims about structural quality and cleanliness.", "questions": [ { "text": "How were defects assessed, and how were edge effects, excitation conditions and sampling variation addressed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "quality-metric-interpretation-q01" }, { "text": "Which growth, exfoliation, transfer or cleaning steps could explain the observed metal, polymer, solvent or other residues?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "quality-metric-interpretation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-in-measurement-context", "name": "Properties in measurement context", "description": "Connect measured graphene behaviour to specimen geometry, interfaces and test conditions.", "rationale": "Properties attributed to graphene cannot be transferred reliably between ideal sheets, supported films and flake assemblies without contextual evidence.", "layers": [ { "id": "electrical-and-optical-response", "name": "Electrical and optical response", "description": "Qualify transport and transparency measurements for their actual configuration.", "findings": [ { "id": "transport-and-transparency-evidence", "name": "Transport and transparency evidence", "description": "Record electrical and optical results alongside conditions that determine their interpretation.", "questions": [ { "text": "What sheet resistance, carrier mobility or optical transmittance was measured, with what temperature, wavelength, geometry and uncertainty?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "transport-and-transparency-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "How were substrate, contact, doping and flake-junction contributions distinguished from the graphene response?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "transport-and-transparency-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "mechanical-and-thermal-response", "name": "Mechanical and thermal response", "description": "Qualify strength, stiffness and heat-transport claims for supported, suspended or assembled material.", "findings": [ { "id": "geometry-dependent-property-claims", "name": "Geometry-dependent property claims", "description": "Preserve the geometry and conventions needed to interpret mechanical and thermal measurements.", "questions": [ { "text": "What specimen geometry, thickness convention, temperature and method support the reported mechanical or thermal value?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "geometry-dependent-property-claims-q01" }, { "text": "Does the value describe an individual sheet, an interface or a flake assembly, and which intended use can it legitimately inform?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "geometry-dependent-property-claims-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-qualification-and-handling", "name": "Grade qualification and handling", "description": "Turn specimen evidence into qualified processing, storage and handling decisions.", "rationale": "Graphene suitability and handling depend on grade, physical presentation, carrier and processing history rather than a universal material label.", "layers": [ { "id": "processing-readiness-and-state-change", "name": "Processing readiness and state change", "description": "Assess compatibility with the next operation and detect changes that invalidate prior qualification.", "findings": [ { "id": "operation-specific-acceptance", "name": "Operation-specific acceptance", "description": "Link acceptance criteria to transfer integrity, dispersibility, surface condition and other operation-specific needs.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which measured acceptance criteria must this grade meet before transfer, dispersion, coating or integration?", "kind": "action", "id": "operation-specific-acceptance-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence shows whether storage or processing changed aggregation, surface chemistry, continuity or electrical performance enough to require requalification?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "operation-specific-acceptance-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "documented-identity-and-exposure-context", "name": "Documented identity and exposure context", "description": "Connect the supplied grade to applicable identifiers and form-specific safety information.", "findings": [ { "id": "grade-specific-handling-basis", "name": "Grade-specific handling basis", "description": "Record the documentation and exposure context supporting handling decisions for the actual graphene specimen.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which supplier record, chemical identifiers and safety documents apply to this exact grade, physical form and jurisdiction?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "grade-specific-handling-basis-q01" }, { "text": "What controls and disposal route follow from documented evidence for the powder, supported film or dispersion, including its carrier and additives?", "kind": "action", "id": "grade-specific-handling-basis-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This is recalled knowledge without source verification; check the CAS assignment and applicable characterization standards before publication.", "Mechanical and optical values describe particular high-quality monolayer conditions, not guaranteed properties of commercial powders or composites.", "Do not assign universal melting or boiling points, exposure limits or hazard classifications without specifying material form, conditions and jurisdiction." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of graphene this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Pristine graphene", "Defect-containing graphene", "Chemically doped graphene", "Isotopically enriched graphene" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of graphene this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "CAS Registry Number", "value_or_pattern": "1034343-98-0", "note": "Associated with graphene; the identifier alone does not establish layer count, purity, functionalization or product grade." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of graphene this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Conductive additives in polymer composites, coatings and electrode formulations, often using multilayer graphene-related materials", "Research and development of chemical and biological sensors", "Thermal management films and composites", "Experimental membranes for molecular separation", "Research on two-dimensional electronic devices and quantum transport" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of graphene this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Nearest-neighbour carbon-carbon bond length", "typical_range": "Approximately 0.142 in an unstrained lattice", "unit": "nm" }, { "quantity": "In-plane elastic stiffness", "typical_range": "Approximately 340 for high-quality monolayer graphene", "unit": "N/m" }, { "quantity": "Intrinsic breaking strength expressed as force per width", "typical_range": "Approximately 40-42 for nearly defect-free suspended monolayers", "unit": "N/m" }, { "quantity": "Visible-light absorption at normal incidence", "typical_range": "Approximately 2.3 for an isolated monolayer; substrate and electronic state affect measured absorption", "unit": "%" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of graphene this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Vacancies, grain boundaries and cracks can reduce mechanical strength and electronic performance.", "Wrinkling, restacking and agglomeration can reduce accessible surface area and alter composite performance.", "Transfer residues, substrate interactions and unintended doping can dominate measured electrical properties.", "Airborne powders present potential inhalation exposure; biological effects depend on flake dimensions, surface chemistry, impurities and dose.", "Oxidation and chemical attack can damage the lattice under sufficiently reactive conditions." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of graphene this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Graphite", "difference": "Graphite has stacked graphene layers forming a three-dimensional crystal; graphene denotes a single layer." }, { "name": "Bilayer and few-layer graphene", "difference": "These contain two or a small number of coupled layers, with properties that depend on stacking and relative rotation." }, { "name": "Graphene oxide", "difference": "Graphene oxide carries substantial oxygen-containing functionality that disrupts the extended sp² carbon network." }, { "name": "Reduced graphene oxide", "difference": "Reduction removes some oxygen from graphene oxide but generally leaves residual functionality and structural defects." }, { "name": "Carbon nanotube", "difference": "A carbon nanotube has a cylindrical carbon lattice rather than an extended planar sheet." }, { "name": "Graphene nanoplatelets", "difference": "Nanoplatelets are finite plate-like particles commonly containing multiple stacked layers; the product name does not establish monolayer graphene." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of graphene this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which authoritative terminology should govern the registry boundary between monolayer graphene, few-layer graphene and graphene nanoplatelets?", "Which existing Vercy models already own graphite, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide or a broader concept covering this entry?", "Which complementary characterisation methods and sampling requirements adequately establish identity and batch variability for each specimen form?", "Which chemical identifiers, hazard classifications and exposure guidance are applicable to specific graphene grades and jurisdictions?", "Which reference measurements and stability criteria can support grade qualification, and how should melting or boiling fields be treated when no applicable measured transition is established?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 15, "questions": 23 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a graphene, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise graphene, assess the condition and fitness of a particular specimen or grade, and identify justified handling, processing and use decisions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: JRCNM48001a, Sulfonated graphene, Graphene foam.", "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 70 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a graphene, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "JRCNM48001a", "Sulfonated graphene", "Graphene foam" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 70 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one graphene from another, and a graphene from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a graphene, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a graphene, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a graphene is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a graphene, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a graphene, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a graphene is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a graphene sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a graphene, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a graphene, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a graphene is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a graphene from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a graphene, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a graphene, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a graphene is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a graphene is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a graphene, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a graphene, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a graphene is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a graphene is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a graphene, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a graphene, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a graphene is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a graphene is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a graphene, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a graphene, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a graphene is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a graphene is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a graphene is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a graphene, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a graphene, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a graphene is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a graphene is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a graphene, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a graphene, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a graphene is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a graphene passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a graphene between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a graphene, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a graphene, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a graphene is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a graphene, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a graphene is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a graphene, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a graphene, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a graphene is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a graphene and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a graphene is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a graphene performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a graphene, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a graphene, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a graphene is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a graphene.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a graphene at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a graphene, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a graphene, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a graphene is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a graphene there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a graphene, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a graphene, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a graphene is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What graphene is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name graphene unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of graphene exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How graphene behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of graphene, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is graphene incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How graphene can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is graphene classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover graphene, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a graphene came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a graphene and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a graphene, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a graphene, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a graphene is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a graphene is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a graphene, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a graphene, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a graphene is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }