{ "model": { "rank": 4473, "code": "thing-q172941", "model_id": "vr.tr.peptic-ulcer-disease", "name": "peptic ulcer disease", "purpose": "Let an agent explain peptic ulcer disease in general terms, relay causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment approaches and complications from gastroenterology sources, route bleeding and perforation signs to emergency services, describe the named forms, and distinguish ulcers from gastritis, reflux disease, gastric cancer and functional dyspepsia, without diagnosing individuals.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.KNW", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q172941/", "tier": 2, "score": 75, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "gastrojejunal ulcer", "active peptic ulcer disease", "peptic esophagitis", "anastomotic ulcer", "duodenal ulcer", "perforated ulcer", "gastric ulcer", "Stress ulcer", "Valentino's syndrome" ], "aliasCount": 9, "merged": 9, "knownIn": 75, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q172941", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172941", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T22:45:28Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 4, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q172941", "registryId": "vr.tr.peptic-ulcer-disease", "name": "peptic ulcer disease", "version": "0.2.0-wave.4", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.KNW" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q172941/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.peptic-ulcer-disease", "name": "peptic ulcer disease", "purpose": "Let an agent explain peptic ulcer disease in general terms, relay causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment approaches and complications from gastroenterology sources, route bleeding and perforation signs to emergency services, describe the named forms, and distinguish ulcers from gastritis, reflux disease, gastric cancer and functional dyspepsia, without diagnosing individuals.", "definition": "A condition in which open sores form in the lining of the stomach, called gastric ulcers, or the duodenum, called duodenal ulcers, or at surgical joins such as anastomotic or gastrojejunal ulcers, caused mainly by Helicobacter pylori infection, whose role was shown by Barry Marshall and Robin Warren, awarded the 2005 Nobel Prize, and by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; symptoms include burning upper abdominal pain, and complications include bleeding, perforation and obstruction, while peptic oesophagitis names acid injury to the oesophagus. Vomiting blood, black tarry stools or sudden severe abdominal pain, which may signal a bleeding or perforated ulcer, need emergency services.", "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a digestive disease.", "affordances": [ "explain causes and symptoms in general terms", "relay diagnosis and treatment approaches", "describe named forms", "route complications" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Mucosal breaks", "H. pylori link", "NSAID risk", "Serious complications" ], "appearance": "Not visible externally; seen on endoscopy as craters in the lining.", "visual_identification": [ "Ulcers of stomach or duodenum", "Gastrojejunal ulcer, active peptic ulcer disease, peptic oesophagitis, anastomotic ulcer, duodenal ulcer, perforated ulcer", "Gastritis is inflammation without deep sores; reflux disease affects the oesophagus; gastric cancer is malignant; functional dyspepsia has no ulcer" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "H. pylori discovery Nobel Prize", "typical_range": "2005", "unit": "year", "note": "Marshall and Warren" }, { "quantity": "main causes", "typical_range": "H. pylori and NSAIDs", "unit": "list", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "first-line H. pylori treatment", "typical_range": "combination antibiotics and acid suppression", "unit": "note", "note": "guidelines vary" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "gastric ulcers", "duodenal ulcers", "anastomotic ulcers", "stress ulcers", "complicated ulcers such as perforated and bleeding" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "ulcer", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is caused by", "target": "Helicobacter pylori", "why": "commonly" }, { "relation": "can be caused by", "target": "nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug", "why": "" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "gastritis", "why": "" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Maastricht consensus on H. pylori", "ACG and NICE dyspepsia guidelines" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Missing bleeding or perforation", "Self-treating with NSAIDs", "Diagnosing individuals" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What peptic ulcer disease is.", "rationale": "Science.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is someone vomiting blood, passing black tarry stools or having sudden severe abdominal pain, in which case call emergency services now?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "What is peptic ulcer disease, and how does it differ from gastritis, reflux disease, gastric cancer and functional dyspepsia?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "forms", "name": "Forms", "description": "Named forms.", "findings": [ { "id": "forms-finding", "name": "Forms", "description": "Forms.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are duodenal, gastrojejunal, anastomotic, active and perforated ulcers and peptic oesophagitis?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific form?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "causes", "name": "Causes", "description": "Causes.", "rationale": "Science.", "layers": [ { "id": "pylori", "name": "H. pylori", "description": "Helicobacter pylori.", "findings": [ { "id": "pylori-finding", "name": "H. pylori", "description": "H. pylori.", "questions": [ { "text": "How does H. pylori cause ulcers, and how was this discovered?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "nsaids", "name": "NSAIDs", "description": "NSAIDs.", "findings": [ { "id": "nsaids-finding", "name": "NSAIDs", "description": "NSAIDs.", "questions": [ { "text": "Why do NSAIDs and aspirin raise ulcer risk?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "care", "name": "Care", "description": "Diagnosis and treatment.", "rationale": "Regulation.", "layers": [ { "id": "diagnosis", "name": "Diagnosis", "description": "Diagnosis.", "findings": [ { "id": "diagnosis-finding", "name": "Diagnosis", "description": "Diagnosis.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are ulcers diagnosed with endoscopy and H. pylori tests, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits upper gastrointestinal endoscopy?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "treatment", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment.", "findings": [ { "id": "treatment-finding", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment.", "questions": [ { "text": "What treatment approaches do guidelines describe, and why does antibiotic resistance matter?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits proton-pump inhibitor?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "History.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "stress", "name": "Stress myth", "description": "Stress and ulcers.", "findings": [ { "id": "stress-finding", "name": "Stress myth", "description": "Stress myth.", "questions": [ { "text": "Why was stress long blamed for ulcers, and what is the current view?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation accurate and attributed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "marshall", "name": "Marshall", "description": "Self-experiment.", "findings": [ { "id": "marshall-finding", "name": "Marshall", "description": "Marshall.", "questions": [ { "text": "What did Barry Marshall s self-experiment show?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits Barry Marshall?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should peptic oesophagitis be moved to oesophageal disease entries?", "How should gastroenterology guidelines be linked?", "Should antibiotic resistance data be linked?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "disease or condition", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a peptic ulcer disease, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain peptic ulcer disease in general terms, relay causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment approaches and complications from gastroenterology sources, route bleeding and perforation signs to emergency services, describe the named forms, and distinguish ulcers from gastritis, reflux disease, gastric cancer and functional dyspepsia, without diagnosing individuals.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: gastrojejunal ulcer, active peptic ulcer disease, peptic esophagitis, anastomotic ulcer, duodenal ulcer, perforated ulcer, gastric ulcer, Stress ulcer, Valentino's syndrome.", "9 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 75 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a peptic ulcer disease, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by criteria applied to signs and findings, not by appearance. Two conditions can look identical and be distinguished only by test." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "gastrojejunal ulcer", "active peptic ulcer disease", "peptic esophagitis", "anastomotic ulcer", "duodenal ulcer", "perforated ulcer", "gastric ulcer", "Stress ulcer", "Valentino's syndrome" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 75 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 9 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one peptic ulcer disease from another, and a peptic ulcer disease from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a peptic ulcer disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a peptic ulcer disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a peptic ulcer disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a peptic ulcer disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a peptic ulcer disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a peptic ulcer disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a peptic ulcer disease sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a peptic ulcer disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a peptic ulcer disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a peptic ulcer disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a peptic ulcer disease from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a peptic ulcer disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a peptic ulcer disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a peptic ulcer disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a peptic ulcer disease passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a peptic ulcer disease between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a peptic ulcer disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a peptic ulcer disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a peptic ulcer disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a peptic ulcer disease, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a peptic ulcer disease is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a peptic ulcer disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a peptic ulcer disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a peptic ulcer disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a peptic ulcer disease says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a peptic ulcer disease contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a peptic ulcer disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a peptic ulcer disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a peptic ulcer disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a peptic ulcer disease and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a peptic ulcer disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a peptic ulcer disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a peptic ulcer disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "diagnosis-and-criteria", "name": "Diagnosis, criteria and coding", "description": "What makes a case of peptic ulcer disease a case, and under which revision.", "rationale": "Criteria change between revisions, so a diagnosis without its coding revision cannot be compared with a later one.", "layers": [ { "id": "criteria", "name": "Diagnostic criteria", "description": "The criteria in force and who issues them.", "findings": [ { "id": "criteria-record", "name": "Criteria, issuer and revision", "description": "What must be true for a diagnosis, according to whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "criteria-record-q01", "text": "What criteria define peptic ulcer disease, issued by which body, in which revision?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "criteria-record-q02", "text": "What changed between revisions that would reclassify existing cases?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "coding", "name": "Coding and terminology", "description": "The codes used to record it and their mapping.", "findings": [ { "id": "coding-record", "name": "Codes and mappings", "description": "Which classification codes apply and how they map.", "questions": [ { "id": "coding-record-q01", "text": "Which classification and terminology codes cover peptic ulcer disease, and how do they map to each other?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "coding-record-q02", "text": "What is lost when a case is mapped from one scheme to another?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "course-and-population", "name": "Course, population and care", "description": "How peptic ulcer disease develops, whom it affects, and what is done about it.", "rationale": "The condition, the diagnosis and the episode of care are three different things, and an agent must not merge them.", "layers": [ { "id": "course", "name": "Course and stages", "description": "Onset, progression, remission and outcome.", "findings": [ { "id": "course-record", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages recorded and what moves a case between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "course-record-q01", "text": "What course does peptic ulcer disease typically take, and what marks each stage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "course-record-q02", "text": "What separates the condition itself from an episode of care for it?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "population", "name": "Affected populations", "description": "Who is affected, how often, and on what evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "epidemiology", "name": "Prevalence and its basis", "description": "Rates with their population, period and source.", "questions": [ { "id": "epidemiology-q01", "text": "What prevalence or incidence is reported for peptic ulcer disease, in which population and period?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "epidemiology-q02", "text": "What may an agent not conclude about an individual from a population rate?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a peptic ulcer disease came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a peptic ulcer disease and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a peptic ulcer disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a peptic ulcer disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a peptic ulcer disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a peptic ulcer disease is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a peptic ulcer disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a peptic ulcer disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a peptic ulcer disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }