{
    "model": {
        "rank": 9162,
        "code": "thing-q174814",
        "model_id": "vr.tr.electrical-substation",
        "name": "electrical substation",
        "purpose": "Let an agent explain substations by type and function, give clear danger warnings and reporting routes, and share general information on fields, noise and planning.",
        "family": "Thing Registry",
        "category": "Physical world and living systems",
        "status": "research-draft",
        "kind": "thing",
        "plane": "PHY",
        "domain": "PHY.BLT",
        "industry": "",
        "version": "",
        "url": "/models/thing/q174814/",
        "tier": 2,
        "score": 48,
        "payload": {
            "layer": "wikidata",
            "aliases": [
                "converter station",
                "transition station",
                "substation platform",
                "switching station",
                "HVDC converter station",
                "distribution substation",
                "rail transport electrical substation",
                "offshore HVDC converter platform",
                "Offshore HVDC Station",
                "HVDC back-to-back station",
                "digital substation"
            ],
            "aliasCount": 11,
            "merged": 11,
            "knownIn": 48,
            "facets": null,
            "markers": [],
            "lexicalClass": "",
            "senseRank": null,
            "alsoRegisteredAs": null,
            "source": {
                "dataset": "wikidata",
                "item": "Q174814",
                "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174814",
                "license": "CC0 1.0"
            }
        },
        "research": {
            "vercy": "1.0-draft",
            "publication": {
                "status": "research-draft",
                "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
                "publishableCanonical": false,
                "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T13:47:58Z",
                "providers": [
                    "Claude"
                ],
                "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
                "pass": 2,
                "wave": 1,
                "engine": "claude"
            },
            "metaModel": {
                "id": "THING-Q174814",
                "registryId": "vr.tr.electrical-substation",
                "name": "electrical substation",
                "version": "0.2.0-wave.1",
                "entryKind": "thing",
                "family": "Thing Registry",
                "domain": [
                    "PHY.BLT"
                ],
                "status": "research-draft"
            },
            "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q174814/",
            "model": {
                "registry_id": "vr.tr.electrical-substation",
                "name": "electrical substation",
                "purpose": "Let an agent explain substations by type and function, give clear danger warnings and reporting routes, and share general information on fields, noise and planning.",
                "definition": "A facility in an electricity network that transforms voltage, switches circuits and protects equipment, including transmission and distribution substations, switching stations, HVDC converter stations and offshore substation platforms; substations contain lethal voltages and are secured against entry.",
                "what_it_is_for": "Delivering electricity safely from generation to users.",
                "affordances": [
                    "explain what substations do",
                    "report damage or intrusion to the network operator",
                    "find information on electromagnetic fields and noise",
                    "understand planning for new substations"
                ],
                "distinguishing_features": [
                    "Transforms and switches power",
                    "Lethal voltages",
                    "Secured and signed",
                    "Part of grid infrastructure"
                ],
                "appearance": "Fenced compounds with transformers, switchgear, busbars and warning signs, or small kiosks in towns.",
                "visual_identification": [
                    "Danger of death signs",
                    "Transformers and switchgear",
                    "Power stations generate electricity"
                ],
                "physical_properties": [],
                "families_and_kinds": [
                    "transmission substations",
                    "distribution substations",
                    "switching stations",
                    "HVDC converter stations",
                    "offshore substation platforms"
                ],
                "related_models": [
                    {
                        "relation": "is a kind of",
                        "target": "industrial facility",
                        "why": "category"
                    },
                    {
                        "relation": "contains",
                        "target": "transformer",
                        "why": "equipment"
                    },
                    {
                        "relation": "is part of",
                        "target": "electrical grid",
                        "why": "network"
                    },
                    {
                        "relation": "handles",
                        "target": "voltage",
                        "why": "quantity"
                    }
                ],
                "identifiers": [],
                "standards_and_regulation": [
                    "Electricity safety regulations",
                    "IEC 61936 power installations above 1 kV",
                    "ICNIRP guidance on electromagnetic fields"
                ],
                "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
                    "Electrocution from entering",
                    "Fires and explosions",
                    "Power outages from damage"
                ],
                "in_scope": [],
                "out_of_scope": [],
                "characteristics": []
            },
            "sources": [],
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "danger",
                        "name": "Danger",
                        "description": "Never enter.",
                        "rationale": "Safety comes first.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "entry",
                                "name": "Entry",
                                "description": "Someone inside.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "entry-finding",
                                        "name": "Entry",
                                        "description": "Unauthorised entry.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Has someone entered a substation or is a child or pet inside to retrieve something?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Should nobody follow, and should emergency services and the network operator be called immediately?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "damage",
                                "name": "Damage",
                                "description": "Damage or fire.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "damage-finding",
                                        "name": "Damage",
                                        "description": "Damage.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Is a substation damaged, open, smoking or on fire?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which emergency and network operator numbers should be called?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "function",
                        "name": "Function",
                        "description": "What it does.",
                        "rationale": "Substations manage power.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "role",
                                "name": "Role",
                                "description": "Transforming and switching.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "role-finding",
                                        "name": "Role",
                                        "description": "Role.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What does this substation do in the network?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which voltages does it handle?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "outage",
                                "name": "Outage",
                                "description": "Power cuts.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "outage-finding",
                                        "name": "Outage",
                                        "description": "Power cuts.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Is there a power cut linked to this substation, according to the operator?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "When is restoration expected?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "neighbours",
                        "name": "Neighbours",
                        "description": "Living nearby.",
                        "rationale": "Concerns need facts.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "fields",
                                "name": "Fields",
                                "description": "Electromagnetic fields.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "fields-finding",
                                        "name": "Fields",
                                        "description": "Electromagnetic fields.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What do health authorities say about electromagnetic fields near substations?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which exposure guidelines apply?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "noise",
                                "name": "Noise",
                                "description": "Hum and noise.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "noise-finding",
                                        "name": "Noise",
                                        "description": "Noise.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "How can transformer noise be reported to the operator or council?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which limits apply?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "planning",
                        "name": "Planning",
                        "description": "New substations.",
                        "rationale": "Projects need consent.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "projects",
                                "name": "Projects",
                                "description": "New sites.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "projects-finding",
                                        "name": "Projects",
                                        "description": "New projects.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which new substations are planned here, and at what stage?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "How can the public comment?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "grid",
                                "name": "Grid",
                                "description": "Grid role.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "grid-finding",
                                        "name": "Grid",
                                        "description": "Grid role.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Why are new substations needed for renewables or demand growth?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which grid plan explains it?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "openQuestions": [
                "Should substation types be separate entries?",
                "How should network operator contacts be linked?",
                "How should planning cases be linked?"
            ],
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 4,
                "layers": 8,
                "findings": 8,
                "questions": 16
            }
        },
        "draft": {
            "generator": "vr.draft.v3",
            "status": "draft-generated",
            "researched": false,
            "archetype": "building, structure or infrastructure",
            "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.",
            "facetsInferred": true,
            "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.",
            "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a electrical substation, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.",
            "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain substations by type and function, give clear danger warnings and reporting routes, and share general information on fields, noise and planning.",
            "characteristics": {
                "substance": "material",
                "origin": "manufactured",
                "agency": "inert",
                "mobility": "fixed",
                "scale": "built"
            },
            "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [
                "observed and measured",
                "entered, crossed or travelled along"
            ],
            "distinguishingFeatures": [
                "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: converter station, transition station, substation platform, switching station, HVDC converter station, distribution substation, rail transport electrical substation, offshore HVDC converter platform, Offshore HVDC Station, HVDC back-to-back station, digital substation.",
                "11 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.",
                "Described in 48 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is."
            ],
            "openQuestionsForResearch": [
                "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?",
                "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?",
                "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a electrical substation, and on what evidence are they told apart?"
            ],
            "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch",
            "physicalCharacter": [
                "On the scale of a building: sited rather than moved.",
                "Stays where it was put; moving it is a project.",
                "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.",
                "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing."
            ],
            "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [
                "observe it, measure it, record its state",
                "enter it, cross it, travel along it"
            ],
            "howItIsRecognised": [
                "Recognised by form, materials and siting, and confirmed by address or by a register entry rather than by looking."
            ],
            "relatedModels": [
                {
                    "relation": "covers",
                    "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.",
                    "targets": [
                        "converter station",
                        "transition station",
                        "substation platform",
                        "switching station",
                        "HVDC converter station",
                        "distribution substation",
                        "rail transport electrical substation",
                        "offshore HVDC converter platform",
                        "Offshore HVDC Station",
                        "HVDC back-to-back station",
                        "digital substation"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "standing": "Described in 48 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 11 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.",
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "identity-and-classification",
                        "name": "Identity, naming and classification",
                        "description": "How an agent tells one electrical substation from another, and a electrical substation from things that resemble it.",
                        "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "naming-and-identifiers",
                                "name": "Names and identifiers",
                                "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases",
                                        "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names",
                                        "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a electrical substation, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a electrical substation, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a electrical substation is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "stable-identifiers",
                                        "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys",
                                        "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a electrical substation, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a electrical substation, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a electrical substation is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "classification-and-granularity",
                                "name": "Classification and granularity",
                                "description": "Where a electrical substation sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "kind-and-parents",
                                        "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds",
                                        "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a electrical substation, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a electrical substation, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a electrical substation is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "distinguishing-features",
                                        "name": "Distinguishing features",
                                        "description": "What separates a electrical substation from the things most often confused with it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a electrical substation, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a electrical substation, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a electrical substation is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "form-and-composition",
                        "name": "Form, composition and condition",
                        "description": "What a electrical substation is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.",
                        "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "form-and-dimensions",
                                "name": "Form and dimensions",
                                "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples at built scale.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "measurable-dimensions",
                                        "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units",
                                        "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a electrical substation, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a electrical substation, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a electrical substation is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "material-and-composition",
                                "name": "Material and composition",
                                "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "parts-and-materials",
                                        "name": "Parts and materials",
                                        "description": "What a electrical substation is built from and which parts are replaceable.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "parts-and-materials-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a electrical substation, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "parts-and-materials-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a electrical substation, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "parts-and-materials-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a electrical substation is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "condition-and-integrity",
                                "name": "Condition and integrity",
                                "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "condition-assessment",
                                        "name": "Condition, damage and health",
                                        "description": "How the condition of a electrical substation is judged and by whom.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "condition-assessment-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a electrical substation, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "condition-assessment-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a electrical substation, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "condition-assessment-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a electrical substation is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "place-and-movement",
                        "name": "Place and movement",
                        "description": "Where a electrical substation is, how it got there and where it may go (fixed).",
                        "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "location-and-placement",
                                "name": "Location and placement",
                                "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "position-and-frame",
                                        "name": "Position, container and reference frame",
                                        "description": "Where a electrical substation is, and what that position is measured against.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a electrical substation, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a electrical substation, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a electrical substation is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "movement-and-transfer",
                                "name": "Movement and transfer",
                                "description": "How a electrical substation is carried, installed or relocated.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "movement-events",
                                        "name": "Movement events and constraints",
                                        "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a electrical substation, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a electrical substation, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a electrical substation is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "state-and-lifecycle",
                        "name": "State and lifecycle",
                        "description": "The states a electrical substation passes through and the events that move it between them.",
                        "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "lifecycle-stages",
                                "name": "Lifecycle stages",
                                "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "stages-and-transitions",
                                        "name": "Stages and transitions",
                                        "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a electrical substation between them.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a electrical substation, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a electrical substation, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a electrical substation is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "observations-and-status",
                                "name": "Observations and current status",
                                "description": "What is observed about a electrical substation, how often and by whom.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "observation-record",
                                        "name": "Observation record",
                                        "description": "How an observation of a electrical substation is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a electrical substation, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a electrical substation, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a electrical substation is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "use-and-operation",
                        "name": "Use and operation",
                        "description": "What can be done with a electrical substation and what it takes to do it.",
                        "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "intended-use",
                                "name": "Intended use and function",
                                "description": "What a electrical substation is for, and what it is used for anyway.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "function-and-purpose",
                                        "name": "Function, purpose and misuse",
                                        "description": "The function a electrical substation performs and the uses that fall outside it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "function-and-purpose-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a electrical substation, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "function-and-purpose-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a electrical substation, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "function-and-purpose-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a electrical substation is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "handling-and-procedure",
                                "name": "Handling and procedure",
                                "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a electrical substation.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "procedures-and-skills",
                                        "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools",
                                        "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a electrical substation at all.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes handling a electrical substation, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a electrical substation, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a electrical substation is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "structure-and-capacity",
                        "name": "Structure, materials and capacity",
                        "description": "How electrical substation is built and how much it can take.",
                        "rationale": "Capacity and structural type govern what may lawfully happen inside or on it, and both are attested rather than obvious.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "construction",
                                "name": "Construction and materials",
                                "description": "Structural type, materials and principal dimensions.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "construction-record",
                                        "name": "Structural type and dimensions",
                                        "description": "What it is made of and how big it is.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "construction-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What structural type and materials characterise electrical substation, and what are its principal dimensions?",
                                                "kind": "measurement"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "construction-record-q02",
                                                "text": "What in that construction limits how it may be altered?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "capacity-and-load",
                                "name": "Capacity and load",
                                "description": "Occupancy, load ratings and their basis.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "capacity-record",
                                        "name": "Rated capacity and who set it",
                                        "description": "The limits and the authority that certified them.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "capacity-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What capacity or load is electrical substation rated for, under which code, certified by whom?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "capacity-record-q02",
                                                "text": "What must an agent refuse to permit beyond that rating?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "tenure-and-condition",
                        "name": "Ownership, permitting and condition",
                        "description": "Who holds electrical substation, what it is permitted for, and what state it is in.",
                        "rationale": "A structure is not the organisation that uses it, and its permission to exist is separate from its condition.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "tenure",
                                "name": "Ownership and permission",
                                "description": "Title, occupancy and the permits in force.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "tenure-record",
                                        "name": "Title, occupier and permits",
                                        "description": "Who owns, who occupies, and what is permitted.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "tenure-record-q01",
                                                "text": "Who owns and who occupies electrical substation, and which permits or consents are in force?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "tenure-record-q02",
                                                "text": "What distinguishes the structure from the organisation that operates in it?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "inspection",
                                "name": "Condition and inspection",
                                "description": "Inspection regime, defects and remaining service life.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "inspection-record",
                                        "name": "Inspections and defects",
                                        "description": "What is inspected, how often, and what was found.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "inspection-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What inspection regime applies to electrical substation, at what interval, and by whom?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "inspection-record-q02",
                                                "text": "What finding takes it out of service, and who may authorise its return?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "provenance-and-evidence",
                        "name": "Provenance, evidence and time",
                        "description": "Where every claim about a electrical substation came from and when it held.",
                        "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "source-and-authority",
                                "name": "Source and authority",
                                "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "claim-provenance",
                                        "name": "Claim provenance and confidence",
                                        "description": "The authority behind each claim about a electrical substation and how confident it is.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a electrical substation, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a electrical substation, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a electrical substation is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "time-and-versions",
                                "name": "Time, versions and supersession",
                                "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "validity-and-supersession",
                                        "name": "Validity period and supersession",
                                        "description": "How an old claim about a electrical substation is retired without being erased.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a electrical substation, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a electrical substation, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a electrical substation is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 8,
                "layers": 17,
                "findings": 19,
                "questions": 53
            }
        }
    }
}