{ "model": { "rank": 4184, "code": "thing-q177275", "model_id": "vr.tr.bobsleigh", "name": "bobsleigh", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise bobsleigh activity, assess readiness and performance, and determine appropriate participation, training or competition actions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q177275/", "tier": 2, "score": 77, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "men's bobsleigh", "women's bobsleigh", "4-man bob", "2-man bob", "monobob", "Bobsleigh competition", "men's monobob", "women's monobob" ], "aliasCount": 8, "merged": 8, "knownIn": 77, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q177275", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177275", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T19:39:34Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 23, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087ad-db2d-7b20-9114-0a53a81b3f8d\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: bobsleigh\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: ACT.ACT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 regist", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 61.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087ad-db2a-7682-8c07-acba7ea47a87\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: bobsleigh\nRegistry id: vr.tr.bobsleigh\nPlane / domain: ACT / ACT.ACT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nCont" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q177275", "registryId": "vr.tr.bobsleigh", "name": "bobsleigh", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q177275/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.bobsleigh", "name": "bobsleigh", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise bobsleigh activity, assess readiness and performance, and determine appropriate participation, training or competition actions.", "definition": "Bobsleigh is a winter sliding sport in which one athlete or a crew races a steerable sled down a banked ice track, using a running push start and gravity-powered descent, with performance determined by elapsed time.", "scope_statement": "This model owns bobsleigh as the sporting activity of starting, piloting and completing timed descents in a runner-mounted sled on a prepared ice track, including individual and crew formats; it does not model the sled itself as the registered thing.", "in_scope": [ "Identification of bobsleigh disciplines, participation formats and applicable rules", "Push starts, boarding, piloting, descent and stopping as connected phases", "Participant roles, crew coordination and readiness for a particular track", "Relationships between sled setup, ice conditions and descent performance", "Run validity, timing, classification and decisions to start, continue or withdraw" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Detailed engineering, manufacture and ownership of bobsleigh sleds", "Track construction and refrigeration infrastructure", "Luge and skeleton as separate sliding sports", "General athlete healthcare and rehabilitation", "Governance and administration of sporting organisations" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "The participants travel inside a sled body on runners, distinguishing the activity from riding a luge sled or lying on a skeleton sled.", "The pilot steers the sled through the track using its steering mechanism, rather than relying solely on the body-steering methods associated with neighbouring sliding sports.", "A sporting run connects a push-and-board start with a gravity-driven descent; the start procedure should be checked against the declared format.", "Performance is assessed through timed passage over a defined course, with validity and any aggregation determined by the applicable event rules.", "The entry denotes the activity, not an unoccupied bobsleigh sled being stored, transported or maintained." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Participation format", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Declared individual or crew format, including the event's discipline label", "why_it_matters": "Determines occupancy, role allocation and which competition requirements must be consulted." }, { "name": "Activity context", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Training, competition, familiarisation or recreational descent", "why_it_matters": "Changes the purpose of the run and the evidence needed to authorise participation." }, { "name": "Participant role allocation", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Participants linked to pilot, push, braking and other format-specific responsibilities", "why_it_matters": "Makes responsibility explicit without assuming every function belongs to a different person." }, { "name": "Track and start configuration", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Named track, selected start position, finish reference and stopping area", "why_it_matters": "Defines the course actually attempted and limits valid timing comparisons." }, { "name": "Elapsed and split times", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Seconds, with timing-point definitions and recorded precision", "why_it_matters": "Separates start performance from losses or gains during the descent." }, { "name": "Sled and participant mass", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Kilograms, stating included components and measurement procedure", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment against the selected format's requirements and interpretation of setup." }, { "name": "Run conditions", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Time-stamped ice, weather and track-condition observations", "why_it_matters": "Conditions can affect handling and make raw times misleading across runs." }, { "name": "Start readiness", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Unassessed, ready, conditional or held, with responsible decision-maker and reasons", "why_it_matters": "Connects participant, equipment and track evidence to an explicit start decision." }, { "name": "Run disposition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Scheduled, started, finished, interrupted, withdrawn or officially invalidated", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes physical completion from a result accepted for classification." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify the bobsleigh format and retrieve the requirements applicable to that session or event.", "Check whether participants, sled and track have sufficient documented readiness for a start decision.", "Allocate push, pilot and braking responsibilities for the declared occupancy.", "Compare starts, splits and descents while accounting for course, setup and conditions.", "Record incidents and route unresolved readiness concerns to the responsible coach or official.", "Explain how accepted run times produce a classification under the selected event rules." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "sport-identity-and-format", "name": "Sport identity and format", "description": "Establishes the activity sense of bobsleigh and the specific form being practised.", "rationale": "The name can denote equipment or sport, and different participation formats change how a run is organised.", "layers": [ { "id": "activity-boundary", "name": "Activity boundary", "description": "Distinguishes bobsleigh participation from neighbouring sliding activities and equipment handling.", "findings": [ { "id": "sled-borne-sporting-descent", "name": "Sled-borne sporting descent", "description": "Recognition should consider participant position, sled type, steering method and the purpose of the descent together.", "questions": [ { "text": "What observable features establish that this activity is bobsleigh rather than luge, skeleton or sled transport?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "sled-borne-sporting-descent-q01" }, { "text": "Does the instance concern competitive sport, training or a recreational bobsleigh experience?", "kind": "definition", "id": "sled-borne-sporting-descent-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "format-and-rule-context", "name": "Format and rule context", "description": "Connects occupancy and session type to an identified set of requirements.", "findings": [ { "id": "declared-format", "name": "Declared format", "description": "Occupancy alone does not establish all eligibility, equipment or result requirements; the governing context must be recorded.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which individual or crew format is declared, and which responsibilities does it require?", "kind": "definition", "id": "declared-format-q01" }, { "text": "Which organisation, document version and event instructions govern this bobsleigh session?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "declared-format-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "push-start-and-crew-coordination", "name": "Push start and crew coordination", "description": "Models acceleration on foot, boarding and the transition to an occupied sled.", "rationale": "Bobsleigh performance depends on a coordinated transition from human propulsion to the descent configuration.", "layers": [ { "id": "push-responsibilities", "name": "Push responsibilities", "description": "Records who contributes to initial acceleration and how the start is coordinated.", "findings": [ { "id": "coordinated-acceleration", "name": "Coordinated acceleration", "description": "Start assessment should relate role allocation and synchronisation to the measured start segment.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who pushes from each position, and what cue coordinates the start?", "kind": "action", "id": "coordinated-acceleration-q01" }, { "text": "Between which timing points is start performance measured, and what time was recorded?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "coordinated-acceleration-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "boarding-transition", "name": "Boarding transition", "description": "Captures entry into the moving sled and establishment of the descent positions.", "findings": [ { "id": "boarding-sequence-and-control", "name": "Boarding sequence and control", "description": "The model should distinguish a completed boarding sequence from a disrupted start requiring assessment.", "questions": [ { "text": "What boarding sequence and seated positions are intended for this format and crew?", "kind": "action", "id": "boarding-sequence-and-control-q01" }, { "text": "Was boarding completed as intended, and what observed disruption affected control or start time?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "boarding-sequence-and-control-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "sled-track-and-piloting", "name": "Sled, track and piloting", "description": "Relates the prepared sled and ice track to the pilot's execution of the descent.", "rationale": "A run cannot be interpreted from time alone because setup, track geometry and steering interact.", "layers": [ { "id": "run-configuration", "name": "Run configuration", "description": "Identifies the sled setup and course conditions relevant to this particular attempt.", "findings": [ { "id": "setup-and-condition-context", "name": "Setup and condition context", "description": "Record equipment and track observations at run level so subsequent comparisons have a defensible context.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which sled, runner setup and measured total mass were used for this run?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "setup-and-condition-context-q01" }, { "text": "Which start position and track-condition observations apply, and when were they recorded?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "setup-and-condition-context-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "descent-execution", "name": "Descent execution", "description": "Connects intended lines through track sections with observed steering and sled behaviour.", "findings": [ { "id": "line-and-speed-retention", "name": "Line and speed retention", "description": "Piloting assessment should associate observations with named track sections and distinguish measured effects from coaching interpretations.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where did the observed line, wall contact or sled stability differ from the intended descent?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "line-and-speed-retention-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence supports attributing a split-time change to piloting rather than the start, setup or ice conditions?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "line-and-speed-retention-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "readiness-and-run-control", "name": "Readiness and run control", "description": "Supports start authorisation, completion and response to disrupted descents.", "rationale": "A fast descent is actionable only within a controlled session with appropriate participants, equipment and track availability.", "layers": [ { "id": "start-authorisation", "name": "Start authorisation", "description": "Combines readiness evidence with the authority responsible for releasing the sled.", "findings": [ { "id": "track-specific-readiness", "name": "Track-specific readiness", "description": "Readiness belongs to the particular participants, sled, start position and session rather than to the sport in general.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence establishes participant preparation and equipment acceptance for this track and start position?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "track-specific-readiness-q01" }, { "text": "Who may release or hold the start, and which unresolved conditions require a hold?", "kind": "action", "id": "track-specific-readiness-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "finish-and-disruption", "name": "Finish and disruption", "description": "Distinguishes crossing the timing finish from stopping and clearing the course.", "findings": [ { "id": "controlled-run-closure", "name": "Controlled run closure", "description": "A session record should capture the sled's stopping and clearance status as well as crashes or other interruptions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who is responsible for braking, and has the sled stopped and cleared the designated area?", "kind": "action", "id": "controlled-run-closure-q01" }, { "text": "If the descent was disrupted, which session procedure and responsible personnel determine the next action?", "kind": "action", "id": "controlled-run-closure-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "timing-validity-and-learning", "name": "Timing, validity and learning", "description": "Separates recorded performance, official acceptance and evidence for improvement.", "rationale": "Bobsleigh uses timed runs, but elapsed time, valid classification and useful training comparisons are distinct judgements.", "layers": [ { "id": "official-result", "name": "Official result", "description": "Links measured times to run validity and the event's classification procedure.", "findings": [ { "id": "accepted-time-and-classification", "name": "Accepted time and classification", "description": "A finish time becomes a competition result through the applicable validity and aggregation rules.", "questions": [ { "text": "What elapsed time was recorded, by which timing system and at what precision?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "accepted-time-and-classification-q01" }, { "text": "Which ruling accepts or invalidates the run, and how do accepted runs contribute to classification?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "accepted-time-and-classification-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "performance-interpretation", "name": "Performance interpretation", "description": "Uses comparable runs to identify specific opportunities for training or setup review.", "findings": [ { "id": "comparable-run-evidence", "name": "Comparable run evidence", "description": "Performance conclusions should preserve differences in crew, start position, sled setup and conditions instead of treating every time as equivalent.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which runs are sufficiently comparable to assess a change in start, boarding or piloting performance?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "comparable-run-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What specific training or setup review is supported by those comparisons, and what remains uncertain?", "kind": "action", "id": "comparable-run-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The activity sense is inferred from ACT.ACT; the word also names the sled.", "Competition categories, eligibility, equipment specifications and weight limits should be checked against the applicable edition of IBSF rules.", "Time and speed ranges are approximate illustrations, not regulatory limits; this description is based on recall rather than consulted sources." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of bobsleigh this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Monobob", "Two-person bobsleigh", "Four-person bobsleigh" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of bobsleigh this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation (IBSF) International Bobsleigh Rules govern competition procedures, equipment, crew composition and weight limits.", "IBSF track homologation requirements govern tracks approved for its competitions." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of bobsleigh this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Olympic Winter Games competition", "World Championships and World Cup racing", "National and development competitions", "Athlete training in push starts, coordinated loading and track driving" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of bobsleigh this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Run time", "typical_range": "Track-dependent; commonly approximately 50-70 seconds", "unit": "s" }, { "quantity": "Speed during descent", "typical_range": "Fast sections commonly approximately 100-150; varies with track and sled class", "unit": "km/h" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of bobsleigh this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Overturning after an unstable line through a curve", "Collisions with track walls, causing injury and loss of speed", "Slips or mistimed loading during the push start", "Steering or runner problems that impair control", "High-speed crashes causing impact and abrasion injuries" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of bobsleigh this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The sport is commonly called bobsled in American English and bobsleigh in British English and international governing-body usage.", "Access to refrigerated tracks strongly shapes where athletes train; countries without suitable tracks often train abroad." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of bobsleigh this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Bobsleigh sled", "difference": "The physical vehicle used in the activity; this description covers the sport, consistent with domain ACT.ACT." }, { "name": "Skeleton", "difference": "An athlete descends head-first and prone on a small sled, rather than riding seated in a bobsleigh with a mechanical steering system." }, { "name": "Luge", "difference": "Athletes descend feet-first and supine on an open sled, rather than using a running push-and-load start into a bobsleigh." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of bobsleigh this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend bobsleigh to include recreational passenger descents, or should those be linked to a neighbouring activity model?", "Which authoritative sources and rule editions should establish format-specific eligibility, equipment limits, start procedures and classification?", "How should para-bobsleigh and adapted participation be represented within this entry without creating unsupported registry splits?", "Which track-specific readiness criteria and incident procedures can be sourced, and who has authority to apply them?", "What evidence is sufficient to separate pilot or crew improvement from changes in ice conditions, sled setup and timing configuration?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a bobsleigh, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise bobsleigh activity, assess readiness and performance, and determine appropriate participation, training or competition actions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: men's bobsleigh, women's bobsleigh, 4-man bob, 2-man bob, monobob, Bobsleigh competition, men's monobob, women's monobob.", "8 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 77 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a bobsleigh, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "men's bobsleigh", "women's bobsleigh", "4-man bob", "2-man bob", "monobob", "Bobsleigh competition", "men's monobob", "women's monobob" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 77 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 8 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one bobsleigh from another, and a bobsleigh from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a bobsleigh, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a bobsleigh, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a bobsleigh is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a bobsleigh, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a bobsleigh, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a bobsleigh is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a bobsleigh sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a bobsleigh, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a bobsleigh, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a bobsleigh is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a bobsleigh from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a bobsleigh, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a bobsleigh, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a bobsleigh is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a bobsleigh passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a bobsleigh between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a bobsleigh, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a bobsleigh, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a bobsleigh is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a bobsleigh, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a bobsleigh is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a bobsleigh, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a bobsleigh, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a bobsleigh is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a bobsleigh proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a bobsleigh, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a bobsleigh and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a bobsleigh, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a bobsleigh, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a bobsleigh is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a bobsleigh consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a bobsleigh takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a bobsleigh, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a bobsleigh, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a bobsleigh is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What bobsleigh is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of bobsleigh are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is bobsleigh operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of bobsleigh and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of bobsleigh?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as bobsleigh?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a bobsleigh came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a bobsleigh and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a bobsleigh, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a bobsleigh, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a bobsleigh is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a bobsleigh is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a bobsleigh, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a bobsleigh, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a bobsleigh is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }