{ "model": { "rank": 5316, "code": "thing-q177831", "model_id": "vr.tr.magnetic-flux", "name": "magnetic flux", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to identify, quantify and interpret magnetic flux through a specified oriented surface and determine when flux-based calculations or measurements are valid.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QLT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q177831/", "tier": 2, "score": 68, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "total magnetic flux", "linked magnetic flux", "coupled magnetic flux" ], "aliasCount": 3, "merged": 3, "knownIn": 68, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q177831", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177831", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T22:07:19Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 19.4, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08835-390e-7813-b46e-a0ba201cf624\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: magnetic flux\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: XCT.QLT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 r", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 55, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08835-3901-7090-96f7-8d89e9a0f879\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: magnetic flux\nRegistry id: vr.tr.magnetic-flux\nPlane / domain: XCT / XCT.QLT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q177831", "registryId": "vr.tr.magnetic-flux", "name": "magnetic flux", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QLT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q177831/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.magnetic-flux", "name": "magnetic flux", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to identify, quantify and interpret magnetic flux through a specified oriented surface and determine when flux-based calculations or measurements are valid.", "definition": "Magnetic flux is the signed scalar surface integral of the magnetic flux density B over an oriented surface, ΦB = ∫S B · dA, measuring the magnetic field's normal component integrated across that surface.", "scope_statement": "This model owns magnetic flux (registry id vr.tr.magnetic-flux, plane/domain XCT / XCT.QLT) as the signed scalar surface integral of magnetic flux density, including its surface dependence, units, time variation and measurement interpretation.", "in_scope": [ "Definition of magnetic flux through an oriented surface: ΦB = ∫S B · dA", "Surface geometry, orientation, boundary and magnetic-field distribution", "Signed flux values, SI units and uncertainty", "Time-dependent flux through stationary or moving surfaces", "Distinctions between magnetic flux, flux density and flux linkage", "Conditions under which flux supports induction and magnetic-circuit calculations" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Full spatial modelling of magnetic and electric fields", "Design and operation of magnets, coils, transformers and generators", "Material magnetisation, permeability and hysteresis as independent material models", "Electric flux and other field-flux quantities", "Circuit dynamics, induced currents and power conversion beyond their relation to flux", "Complete theories of superconductivity and magnetic monopoles" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "A magnetic-flux value refers to an oriented surface; magnetic flux density B is a local vector field.", "Magnetic flux has SI unit weber (Wb), whereas magnetic flux density has unit tesla (T), equivalent to Wb/m².", "Reversing the surface orientation reverses the flux sign without changing the physical magnetic field.", "Flux depends on the normal component of B, so a nonzero field tangent to a surface contributes no flux through it.", "Flux linkage sums the fluxes linked by individual turns; it equals NΦ only when all N turns link the same flux." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Magnetic flux", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Signed real value in weber (Wb)", "why_it_matters": "Expresses the integral magnetic quantity through the selected surface." }, { "name": "Integration surface", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Specified surface S with geometry, location, boundary and time dependence", "why_it_matters": "A flux value cannot be interpreted independently of the surface over which it is defined." }, { "name": "Surface orientation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Chosen normal direction; outward normal for a closed surface", "why_it_matters": "Determines the sign and its consistency with an associated loop direction." }, { "name": "Magnetic flux density", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Vector field B(r,t), measured in tesla (T)", "why_it_matters": "Supplies the field whose normal component is integrated." }, { "name": "Surface topology", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Open or closed; boundary components specified", "why_it_matters": "Separates flux through an open surface from net flux through a closed surface." }, { "name": "Flux rate of change", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Wb/s, dimensionally equivalent to volt", "why_it_matters": "Supports induction calculations when the circuit and motion assumptions are satisfied." }, { "name": "Flux determination method", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Analytical integration, numerical integration, field mapping or induced-voltage integration", "why_it_matters": "Determines which assumptions, reference values and error sources must accompany the result." }, { "name": "Flux uncertainty", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Absolute uncertainty in Wb or relative uncertainty with stated coverage", "why_it_matters": "Limits comparisons and decisions based on measured or calculated flux." } ], "affordances": [ "Calculate flux by integrating a specified magnetic field over an oriented surface.", "Apply ΦB = BA cos θ after checking that the field is uniform and the surface is planar.", "Compare flux values after aligning surface definitions, orientations, times and units.", "Infer flux change from integrated induced voltage when winding linkage and instrument assumptions are established.", "Estimate induced electromotive force from flux variation for an appropriately defined circuit.", "Check closed-surface flux as a consistency test under standard electromagnetism." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "quantity-and-boundaries", "name": "Quantity and boundaries", "description": "Establishes what magnetic flux denotes and separates it from neighbouring magnetic quantities.", "rationale": "Confusing flux with field strength or winding linkage produces invalid comparisons and calculations.", "layers": [ { "id": "integral-definition", "name": "Integral definition", "description": "Defines flux as a signed scalar associated with a magnetic field and an oriented surface.", "findings": [ { "id": "surface-integral-identity", "name": "Surface integral identity", "description": "Magnetic flux is ΦB = ∫S B · dA; it integrates the normal component of magnetic flux density rather than the field magnitude alone.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the reported quantity denote ∫S B · dA, a local B value or another magnetic quantity?", "kind": "definition", "id": "surface-integral-identity-q01" }, { "text": "Which oriented surface and magnetic-field representation define this flux?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "surface-integral-identity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "units-and-linkage", "name": "Units and linkage", "description": "Identifies dimensional meaning and distinguishes single-surface flux from winding linkage.", "findings": [ { "id": "flux-versus-linked-flux", "name": "Flux versus linked flux", "description": "Flux is measured in Wb, with 1 Wb = 1 T·m² = 1 V·s. Winding flux linkage is λ = Σi Φi and reduces to NΦ only for equal flux linkage per turn.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the reported value a surface flux Φ or a winding flux linkage λ?", "kind": "definition", "id": "flux-versus-linked-flux-q01" }, { "text": "If λ = NΦ is used, what establishes that every turn links the same flux?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "flux-versus-linked-flux-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "surface-and-field-geometry", "name": "Surface and field geometry", "description": "Records the geometric choices that determine flux magnitude, sign and conservation checks.", "rationale": "Identical magnetic fields can yield different fluxes through surfaces with different areas or orientations.", "layers": [ { "id": "orientation-and-projection", "name": "Orientation and projection", "description": "Relates field direction and surface geometry to the signed integral.", "findings": [ { "id": "normal-component-and-uniform-limit", "name": "Normal component and uniform limit", "description": "For a uniform field over a planar surface, ΦB = BA cos θ, where θ is measured from the chosen surface normal. Curved surfaces or nonuniform fields generally require integration.", "questions": [ { "text": "What area and normal direction are used, and is the quoted angle measured from the normal?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "normal-component-and-uniform-limit-q01" }, { "text": "Do field uniformity and surface planarity justify replacing the integral with BA cos θ?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "normal-component-and-uniform-limit-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "closed-surfaces-and-boundaries", "name": "Closed surfaces and boundaries", "description": "Applies the absence of magnetic sources to net flux and alternative spanning surfaces.", "findings": [ { "id": "zero-net-closed-surface-flux", "name": "Zero net closed-surface flux", "description": "In standard electromagnetism, ∮S B · dA = 0. Consistently oriented surfaces sharing a boundary therefore yield the same flux when together they bound a volume in the applicable field domain.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is this an open-surface flux or a net flux evaluated with outward normals over a closed surface?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "zero-net-closed-surface-flux-q01" }, { "text": "If calculated closed-surface flux is nonzero, can incomplete geometry, discretisation or measurement uncertainty explain the residual?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "zero-net-closed-surface-flux-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "flux-change-and-induction", "name": "Flux change and induction", "description": "Connects changing flux to electromotive force while retaining circuit, orientation and motion conditions.", "rationale": "Flux variation supports useful action only when the corresponding conducting path and sign convention are defined.", "layers": [ { "id": "stationary-loop-induction", "name": "Stationary loop induction", "description": "Interprets time-varying flux through a fixed loop.", "findings": [ { "id": "faraday-relation", "name": "Faraday relation", "description": "For a stationary loop, the induced electromotive force is ℰ = −dΦB/dt with consistent loop and surface orientations. Winding calculations use the derivative of flux linkage.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which loop direction corresponds by the right-hand rule to the selected surface normal?", "kind": "definition", "id": "faraday-relation-q01" }, { "text": "Does the calculation require −dΦB/dt for one loop or −dλ/dt for a winding?", "kind": "action", "id": "faraday-relation-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "moving-loop-induction", "name": "Moving loop induction", "description": "Accounts for flux changes caused by translation, rotation or deformation of a loop.", "findings": [ { "id": "field-and-motion-contributions", "name": "Field and motion contributions", "description": "Flux through S(t) can change because B changes or because the surface moves or deforms. For a smoothly moving material loop, total electromotive force includes the magnetic force contribution v × B and can be expressed as −dΦB/dt.", "questions": [ { "text": "How much of the flux change arises from field variation versus surface translation, rotation or deformation?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "field-and-motion-contributions-q01" }, { "text": "Is the conducting path a continuously moving material loop, or do sliding contacts or switching require an explicit circuit treatment?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "field-and-motion-contributions-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "determination-and-validity", "name": "Determination and validity", "description": "Records how a flux value was obtained and whether approximations support its intended use.", "rationale": "Flux inferred from voltage or simplified geometry can be misleading without a reference, uncertainty and treatment of leakage.", "layers": [ { "id": "measurement-and-reconstruction", "name": "Measurement and reconstruction", "description": "Connects field measurements and induction measurements to reported flux.", "findings": [ { "id": "absolute-flux-versus-flux-change", "name": "Absolute flux versus flux change", "description": "Field mapping can support surface integration, while integrating an appropriate induced-voltage signal yields a change in flux linkage. Recovering an absolute value requires an established reference.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which instrument, field data or calculation produced the value, and what calibration supports it?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "absolute-flux-versus-flux-change-q01" }, { "text": "Does voltage integration establish only a change, or is a defensible initial flux or linkage available?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "absolute-flux-versus-flux-change-q02" }, { "text": "How are voltage offsets, integrator drift and incomplete field sampling reflected in the uncertainty?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "absolute-flux-versus-flux-change-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "magnetic-circuit-approximations", "name": "Magnetic-circuit approximations", "description": "Qualifies lumped flux estimates in cores, gaps and branches.", "findings": [ { "id": "leakage-fringing-and-section-choice", "name": "Leakage, fringing and section choice", "description": "Treating flux as a common quantity along a magnetic-circuit branch requires attention to leakage and branch geometry. Fringing affects the field distribution near gaps, and using Φ ≈ BA requires a representative normal field over the chosen section.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which cross-section defines the quoted core or gap flux, and how are leakage paths represented?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "leakage-fringing-and-section-choice-q01" }, { "text": "Is the proposed approximation accurate enough for the decision, or is spatial field integration required?", "kind": "action", "id": "leakage-fringing-and-section-choice-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This describes the standard electromagnetic quantity; no separate registry sense was supplied.", "In classical electromagnetism, net magnetic flux through any closed surface is zero; nonzero flux values ordinarily refer to open surfaces.", "Standards are named from recall; editions and clause-level requirements have not been checked." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of magnetic flux this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Static magnetic flux", "Time-varying magnetic flux" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of magnetic flux this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "BIPM SI Brochure: the SI unit of magnetic flux is the weber (Wb), equivalent to a tesla square metre or volt second.", "ISO 80000-6, issued by ISO: quantities and units for electromagnetism." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of magnetic flux this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Calculating induced electromotive force in generators and transformers using Faraday's law.", "Designing magnetic circuits in motors, inductors and electromagnets.", "Measuring changes in magnetic fields with search coils and fluxmeters.", "Detecting extremely small flux changes with superconducting quantum interference devices." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of magnetic flux this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Magnetic flux through a specified oriented surface", "typical_range": "No universal range; magnitude depends on field strength, surface area and orientation, and the signed value can be positive, negative or zero.", "unit": "Wb" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of magnetic flux this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Using Φ = BA without checking that the field is uniform and perpendicular to the surface; for a uniform field the general expression is Φ = BA cos θ.", "Confusing magnetic flux with magnetic flux density, producing dimensional or design errors.", "Confusing flux through one turn with total flux linkage when calculating induced voltage in a coil.", "Ignoring magnetic-core saturation, which can cause excessive current, heating and distorted device operation.", "Rapid changes in flux linkage can induce hazardous voltages and unwanted circulating currents in conducting loops." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of magnetic flux this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "SI practice uses webers; some Gaussian cgs literature uses maxwells, with 1 Mx = 10^-8 Wb." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of magnetic flux this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Magnetic flux density", "difference": "Magnetic flux density B is a local vector field measured in teslas; magnetic flux is its surface integral measured in webers." }, { "name": "Magnetic field strength", "difference": "Magnetic field strength H is a local field measured in amperes per metre; flux integrates B, whose relation to H depends on magnetization." }, { "name": "Flux linkage", "difference": "Flux linkage sums the flux linked by individual coil turns; it equals NΦ only when all N turns link the same flux." }, { "name": "Electric flux", "difference": "Electric flux integrates an electric field over a surface rather than magnetic flux density." }, { "name": "Electromotive force", "difference": "Electromotive force is measured in volts and, for induction, is related to the rate of change of flux linkage rather than the flux itself." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of magnetic flux this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which authoritative terminology and quantity references should anchor this registry entry and its conventions for flux linkage?", "Should superconducting flux quantisation be represented here as a specialised layer or linked to a separate model that distinguishes magnetic flux from fluxoid?", "Which measurement contexts must the first implementation support, and what uncertainty and reference information do those contexts require?", "Should magnetic-circuit approximations remain within this model or become explicit relations to a dedicated magnetic-circuit model?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 16, "questions": 25 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a magnetic flux, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to identify, quantify and interpret magnetic flux through a specified oriented surface and determine when flux-based calculations or measurements are valid.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: total magnetic flux, linked magnetic flux, coupled magnetic flux.", "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 68 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a magnetic flux, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "total magnetic flux", "linked magnetic flux", "coupled magnetic flux" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 68 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one magnetic flux from another, and a magnetic flux from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a magnetic flux, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a magnetic flux, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a magnetic flux is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a magnetic flux, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a magnetic flux, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a magnetic flux is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a magnetic flux sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a magnetic flux, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a magnetic flux, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a magnetic flux is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a magnetic flux from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a magnetic flux, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a magnetic flux, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a magnetic flux is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a magnetic flux passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a magnetic flux between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a magnetic flux, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a magnetic flux, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a magnetic flux is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a magnetic flux, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a magnetic flux is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a magnetic flux, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a magnetic flux, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a magnetic flux is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What magnetic flux is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of magnetic flux are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is magnetic flux operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of magnetic flux and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of magnetic flux?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as magnetic flux?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a magnetic flux came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a magnetic flux and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a magnetic flux, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a magnetic flux, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a magnetic flux is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a magnetic flux is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a magnetic flux, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a magnetic flux, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a magnetic flux is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }