{ "model": { "rank": 6395, "code": "thing-q1778729", "model_id": "vr.tr.carbon-nanotube", "name": "carbon nanotube", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a carbon nanotube, assess its material condition and evidence, and determine which characterisation, processing or incorporation actions are justified.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q1778729/", "tier": 2, "score": 60, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "JRCNM40001a", "JRCNM40002a", "JRCNM40004a", "JRCNM40005a", "JRCNM40006a", "JRCNM40007a", "JRCNM40008a", "JRCNM40009a", "JRCNM40010a", "JRCNM04002a", "single-walled carbon nanotube", "multi-walled carbon nanotube" ], "aliasCount": 12, "merged": 12, "knownIn": 60, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q1778729", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778729", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T14:13:17Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.00351322, "turns": 1, "seconds": 49.2, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 126.7, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c35-6cf6-7ea2-94b9-9e3cf07f342d\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: carbon nanotube\nRegistry id: vr.tr.carbon-nanotube\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q1778729", "registryId": "vr.tr.carbon-nanotube", "name": "carbon nanotube", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1778729/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.carbon-nanotube", "name": "carbon nanotube", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a carbon nanotube, assess its material condition and evidence, and determine which characterisation, processing or incorporation actions are justified.", "definition": "A carbon nanotube is a cylindrical allotrope of carbon whose wall is a rolled graphene lattice of sp2-bonded carbon atoms, typically nanometres in diameter and micrometres to millimetres in length.", "scope_statement": "This model owns vr.tr.carbon-nanotube in PHY / PHY.MAT: individual carbon nanotubes and the population-level evidence needed to describe nanotube samples, including wall structure, dimensions, surface chemistry, defects, aggregation and processing constraints; sample measurements must remain distinguishable from individual-tube properties.", "in_scope": [ "Single-wall, double-wall and multiwall carbon nanotubes, with explicit uncertainty where wall structure is unresolved.", "Tube dimensions, chirality where assignable, end morphology and structural integrity.", "Nanotube content, catalyst residues, non-tubular carbon and surface modifications.", "Dispersion, bundling, alignment and the nanotube's relationship to a surrounding medium or host.", "Measured functional behaviour and material-specific conditions governing handling or transformation." ], "out_of_scope": [ "Graphene sheets, graphite particles, fullerenes and carbon nanofibres that do not satisfy the nanotube boundary.", "Boron nitride nanotubes and other tubes whose defining wall framework is not carbon.", "Complete composites, yarns, films, electrodes and electronic devices containing nanotubes.", "Synthesis reactors, manufacturing facilities and complete production-process models.", "Clinical outcomes, workplace exposure programmes and jurisdiction-specific compliance determinations." ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Seek structural evidence of an elongated, circumferentially closed graphitic carbon wall surrounding an axial interior, distinguishing a nanotube from a flat graphene sheet or solid carbon particle.", "Inspect wall orientation and continuity to distinguish tubular shells from stacked-cup, platelet or other carbon nanofibre architectures; retain an unresolved classification when imaging cannot decide.", "Confirm that carbon forms the defining wall framework, distinguishing carbon nanotubes from compositionally different nanotubes and carbon-coated non-carbon fibres.", "Resolve nested walls versus adjacent tubes: several tubes in a bundle do not constitute one multiwall nanotube.", "Combine structural and spectroscopic evidence rather than treating a vendor name or one signal as conclusive identification; complementary methods are needed for characterisation. [NIST characterisation study](https://www.nist.gov/publications/evaluating-characteristics-multiwall-carbon-nanotubes)" ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Observation level", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "individual tube | selected population | bulk sample", "why_it_matters": "Prevents an ensemble result from being assigned to every constituent nanotube." }, { "name": "Wall architecture", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "single-wall | double-wall | multiwall | mixed population | unresolved; wall count where resolved", "why_it_matters": "Supports identification and determines which structural and functional interpretations are appropriate." }, { "name": "Tube dimensions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "outer and inner diameter in nm; contour length in nm or μm; distributions and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes tube geometry from bundle geometry and informs processing, accessibility and application suitability." }, { "name": "Chirality assignment", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "assigned (n,m) indices for a specified wall | population distribution | unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Connects atomic structure with interpretation of electronic and optical behaviour without assuming all tubes share one species." }, { "name": "Ends and structural integrity", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "open | capped | unresolved ends; intact | bent | kinked | collapsed | fractured | mixed", "why_it_matters": "Indicates whether the interior is accessible and whether processing has altered the tube." }, { "name": "Defect evidence", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "method-specific observations; Raman intensity ratios dimensionless with excitation wavelength and analysis conditions", "why_it_matters": "Supports comparisons of structural change while avoiding conversion of a spectral ratio into an unsupported universal defect count." }, { "name": "Nanotube content and impurities", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mass fraction or explicitly stated alternative basis; separate catalyst metals, non-tubular carbon and other constituents", "why_it_matters": "Prevents total carbon content from being mistaken for nanotube purity." }, { "name": "Surface chemistry", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "identified functional groups, covalent modifications, adsorbates and coatings; coverage where measured", "why_it_matters": "Conditions dispersibility, compatibility and interpretation of functional measurements." }, { "name": "Aggregation and alignment", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "individualised | bundled | agglomerated | mixed; orientation distribution where measured", "why_it_matters": "Separates constituent-tube properties from effects of contacts, clustering and orientation." }, { "name": "Medium or host", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "linked solvent, dispersant, substrate, matrix or enclosing material with loading and interface description", "why_it_matters": "Establishes the environment in which the nanotube is measured, handled or used." }, { "name": "Measured functional response", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "conductance in S, conductivity in S/m, thermal conductivity in W/(m·K), modulus in Pa, or optical response with stated units and test configuration", "why_it_matters": "Supports decisions using measured behaviour at the correct scale and under recorded conditions." }, { "name": "Preparation lineage", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "linked synthesis batch, purification, sorting, functionalisation, dispersion and ageing events", "why_it_matters": "Identifies transformations that may invalidate earlier dimensions, chemistry or performance evidence." } ], "affordances": [ "Classify a candidate as a supported nanotube type or hold its identity unresolved pending complementary evidence.", "Select characterisation methods and representative sampling appropriate to the wall architecture and sample form.", "Compare nanotube populations for a specified use using dimensions, chemistry, impurities and measured functional response.", "Assess whether purification, sorting, dispersion, cutting or functionalisation is justified and specify what must be remeasured afterward.", "Evaluate incorporation into a host or device while linking expected behaviour to evidence at the relevant scale.", "Gate handling, transfer and disposal actions on the material form, release potential and applicable external controls." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "iso-ts-80004-3", "title": "ISO/TS 80004-3:2020 Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 3: Carbon nano-objects", "url": "https://www.iso.org/standard/78076.html", "what_it_supports": "Formal vocabulary distinguishing CNT, SWCNT, DWCNT, MWCNT from graphene and other carbon nano-objects.", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "iijima-1991", "title": "Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/354056a0", "what_it_supports": "Foundational description of multi-walled carbon nanotubes as concentric graphene cylinders.", "url_status": "live" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "tubular-carbon-identity", "name": "Tubular carbon identity", "description": "Evidence that the entity has carbon nanotube architecture and a defensible place within this registry entry.", "rationale": "Tubular appearance alone cannot settle wall composition, wall architecture or the boundary with carbon nanofibres.", "layers": [ { "id": "wall-framework", "name": "Wall framework", "description": "Resolve the material and arrangement forming the tube walls.", "findings": [ { "id": "carbon-shell-evidence", "name": "Carbon shell evidence", "description": "Record observations supporting a tubular graphitic carbon framework, including ambiguous or contradictory evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "What microscopy and compositional evidence establishes a tubular carbon wall rather than a sheet, solid fibre or coated non-carbon tube?", "kind": "definition", "id": "carbon-shell-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Does the observed wall architecture support a nanotube classification, a neighbouring carbon nanofibre classification or an unresolved boundary?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "carbon-shell-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "wall-count-and-entity", "name": "Wall count and entity", "description": "Separate the architecture of one tube from the composition of a population.", "findings": [ { "id": "nested-walls-versus-bundles", "name": "Nested walls versus bundles", "description": "Establish whether multiple observed walls belong to one nanotube or to neighbouring nanotubes.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence resolves single, double or multiple nested walls, and what wall counts remain unresolved?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "nested-walls-versus-bundles-q01" }, { "text": "Does the classification describe one imaged tube, a selected fraction or a representative sample population?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "nested-walls-versus-bundles-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "geometry-and-lattice-condition", "name": "Geometry and lattice condition", "description": "Dimensions, atomic structure and damage that distinguish usable nanotube states.", "rationale": "A nanotube designation does not establish its aspect ratio, chirality, accessible interior or structural condition.", "layers": [ { "id": "dimensions-and-ends", "name": "Dimensions and ends", "description": "Describe actual tube geometry and access to the axial interior.", "findings": [ { "id": "resolved-tube-morphology", "name": "Resolved tube morphology", "description": "Record diameter and contour-length distributions alongside end closure, collapse and measurement limitations.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the inner diameter, outer diameter and contour-length distributions, and how were tube dimensions separated from bundle dimensions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "resolved-tube-morphology-q01" }, { "text": "Are the ends open or capped, and do filling, collapse or blockage prevent access to the interior?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "resolved-tube-morphology-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "chirality-and-defects", "name": "Chirality and defects", "description": "Keep lattice assignments distinct from evidence of disorder or processing damage.", "findings": [ { "id": "lattice-assignment-confidence", "name": "Lattice assignment confidence", "description": "Record supported chirality assignments and method-specific defect evidence without assuming either is fully resolved.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which wall or population has an assigned chirality, and what observations and uncertainty support that assignment?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "lattice-assignment-confidence-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes lattice disorder or tube damage from spectral changes caused by measurement conditions, coating or aggregation?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "lattice-assignment-confidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-surface", "name": "Composition and surface", "description": "Separate nanotube material from accompanying constituents and describe its chemically relevant interfaces.", "rationale": "A nominal nanotube sample may contain materials or surface treatments that dominate its response and handling requirements.", "layers": [ { "id": "nanotube-fraction", "name": "Nanotube fraction", "description": "Resolve what a purity statement measures and which impurities remain.", "findings": [ { "id": "purity-basis-and-residues", "name": "Purity basis and residues", "description": "Distinguish nanotube fraction, elemental carbon content and metal residue measurements.", "questions": [ { "text": "What fraction is supported as nanotubes, on what measurement basis, and with what uncertainty?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "purity-basis-and-residues-q01" }, { "text": "Which catalyst metals, non-tubular carbon phases or processing residues were detected, and what purification history explains them?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "purity-basis-and-residues-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "surface-and-interior-chemistry", "name": "Surface and interior chemistry", "description": "Describe attached, adsorbed and encapsulated species without confusing them with the tube framework.", "findings": [ { "id": "modification-and-occupancy", "name": "Modification and occupancy", "description": "Record covalent modification, noncovalent wrapping, adsorption and interior filling where evidenced.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which species are covalently attached, adsorbed, wrapped around the tube or located inside it, and how was their location established?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "modification-and-occupancy-q01" }, { "text": "Which surface or interior species must be retained, removed or exchanged for the intended operation, and how will that change be verified?", "kind": "action", "id": "modification-and-occupancy-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "population-and-dispersion-state", "name": "Population and dispersion state", "description": "Describe how nanotubes occur together and how preparation affects the population available for observation or use.", "rationale": "Individualisation, clustering and selection can change both practical behaviour and the representativeness of measurements.", "layers": [ { "id": "association-and-orientation", "name": "Association and orientation", "description": "Resolve the arrangement of tubes in the current material form.", "findings": [ { "id": "tube-association-state", "name": "Tube association state", "description": "Record individualisation, bundle size, larger agglomerates and alignment in a specified medium or host.", "questions": [ { "text": "What fraction is individualised, bundled or agglomerated, and what measurements resolve cluster dimensions and orientation?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "tube-association-state-q01" }, { "text": "How does the observed state depend on medium, concentration, dispersant and elapsed time after preparation?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "tube-association-state-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "selection-and-preparation-effects", "name": "Selection and preparation effects", "description": "Track changes introduced while making a sample measurable or usable.", "findings": [ { "id": "population-before-and-after-processing", "name": "Population before and after processing", "description": "Preserve the relationship between the starting sample and fractions produced by dispersion, sorting or separation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which sonication, centrifugation, filtration or sorting steps could have changed tube length, surface chemistry or the population represented?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "population-before-and-after-processing-q01" }, { "text": "What remeasurement is required before treating the processed fraction as equivalent to its source material?", "kind": "action", "id": "population-before-and-after-processing-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "functional-response-and-evidence", "name": "Functional response and evidence", "description": "Connect application-relevant behaviour to a defined nanotube population, test configuration and evidential strength.", "rationale": "Idealised nanotube properties do not establish the performance of a particular tube, sample or assembly.", "layers": [ { "id": "response-at-the-tested-scale", "name": "Response at the tested scale", "description": "Locate electrical, optical, thermal or mechanical observations at their actual measurement scale.", "findings": [ { "id": "conditional-performance", "name": "Conditional performance", "description": "Record measured response together with environmental, geometrical and interface conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which functional response was measured on an individual tube, a network or a host-containing specimen, and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "conditional-performance-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence separates nanotube behaviour from contact resistance, intertube junctions, substrate effects or host contributions?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "conditional-performance-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "measurement-support", "name": "Measurement support", "description": "Establish whether evidence supports the intended material decision.", "findings": [ { "id": "complementary-characterisation", "name": "Complementary characterisation", "description": "Record complementary methods, sample preparation and limitations when evaluating nanotube properties. [NIST measurement guide](https://www.nist.gov/publications/measurement-issues-single-wall-carbon-nanotubes)", "questions": [ { "text": "Which methods independently support the decisive property, and which sampling biases, detection limits or disagreements remain?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "complementary-characterisation-q01" }, { "text": "Is the evidence sufficient for the intended selection or processing decision, or which targeted measurement is still needed?", "kind": "action", "id": "complementary-characterisation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "transformation-and-release-constraints", "name": "Transformation and release constraints", "description": "Determine which operations are justified by the nanotube's condition and material-specific release evidence.", "rationale": "Processing can change tube structure and chemistry, while handling decisions depend on the possibility of releasing nanotube-containing material.", "layers": [ { "id": "processing-envelope", "name": "Processing envelope", "description": "Define supported conditions for changing or incorporating the nanotube.", "findings": [ { "id": "transformation-acceptance", "name": "Transformation acceptance", "description": "Record intended modifications, tolerable damage and evidence required to accept the resulting material.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence supports the proposed chemical, thermal or mechanical treatment for this wall architecture and surface state?", "kind": "action", "id": "transformation-acceptance-q01" }, { "text": "Which changes in length, wall integrity, chemistry or functional response would make the processed nanotube unsuitable?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "transformation-acceptance-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "release-and-handling", "name": "Release and handling", "description": "Connect material form and proposed operations to applicable external exposure controls.", "findings": [ { "id": "operation-specific-release-review", "name": "Operation-specific release review", "description": "Record release evidence and applicable handling guidance; NIOSH addresses occupational exposure controls for carbon nanotubes and nanofibres. [NIOSH Bulletin 65](https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2013-145/default.html)", "questions": [ { "text": "Could the proposed transfer, drying, spraying, machining or disposal operation release airborne nanotube-containing material, and what evidence supports that assessment?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "operation-specific-release-review-q01" }, { "text": "Which applicable handling, containment and waste requirements have been established for this material form before the operation proceeds?", "kind": "action", "id": "operation-specific-release-review-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)", "multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)", "double-walled carbon nanotube (DWCNT)", "armchair, zigzag and chiral SWCNTs (by (n,m) roll-up vector)", "metallic vs semiconducting SWCNTs", "vertically aligned / forest-grown CNTs", "functionalized / covalently modified CNTs", "few-walled carbon nanotubes (FWCNT)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of carbon nanotube this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q1778726", "note": "carbon nanotube" }, { "scheme": "CAS Registry Number", "value_or_pattern": "308068-56-6", "note": "common generic CAS for carbon nanotubes; SWCNT and MWCNT also have distinct CAS/EC entries in REACH dossiers" }, { "scheme": "ISO vocabulary", "value_or_pattern": "ISO/TS 80004-3 terms: carbon nanotube, single-wall carbon nanotube, double-wall carbon nanotube, multi-wall carbon nanotube", "note": "preferred international nomenclature" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of carbon nanotube this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "ISO/TS 80004-3:2020 Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 3: Carbon nano-objects (ISO)", "ISO/TS 11308 and related ISO/TC 229 methods for CNT characterization (ISO)", "OECD Test Guidelines / WPMN dossiers for manufactured nanomaterials including CNTs (OECD)", "REACH nanoform registration and Annex VI nanoform characterisation for CNTs as substances (ECHA / EU)", "NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 65: Occupational Exposure to Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers (NIOSH / CDC, US)", "IARC Monographs Vol. 111: some multi-walled carbon nanotubes classified Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic to humans); Mitsui-7 MWCNT classified Group 2B with stronger evidence of mesothelioma-like effects in animals (IARC / WHO)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of carbon nanotube this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Conductive additive in lithium-ion battery electrodes and electrostatic-dissipative polymers", "Reinforcing filler in composites (sporting goods, aerospace resins, concrete research)", "Transparent conductive films and field-emission / transistor research devices", "Thermal interface materials and heat-spreading films", "Membrane and sorbent research (water treatment, gas adsorption)", "Probe tips and AFM cantilevers; laboratory reference materials (NIST SWCNT)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of carbon nanotube this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "outer diameter", "typical_range": "SWCNT ~0.7-2.5; MWCNT ~5-100", "unit": "nm" }, { "quantity": "length", "typical_range": "0.5-100 (powders); aligned forests can reach millimetres", "unit": "µm" }, { "quantity": "wall number", "typical_range": "1 (SWCNT); 2 (DWCNT); 3-50+ (MWCNT)", "unit": "count" }, { "quantity": "specific surface area (BET)", "typical_range": "SWCNT often 400-1300; MWCNT often 50-400", "unit": "m²/g" }, { "quantity": "carbon purity", "typical_range": "70-99.9 depending on grade and residual catalyst", "unit": "wt%" }, { "quantity": "aspect ratio", "typical_range": "10²-10⁴ typical for commercial powders", "unit": "dimensionless" }, { "quantity": "Raman I_G/I_D (defect indicator)", "typical_range": "high-quality SWCNT often >10; industrial MWCNT often 0.5-5", "unit": "dimensionless" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of carbon nanotube this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Agglomeration and poor dispersion in matrices, collapsing promised conductivity or reinforcement", "Residual metal catalyst (Fe, Co, Ni, Mo) causing electrochemical side reactions or toxicity confounding", "Airborne fibre-like dust: incomplete clearance from lung, inflammation, fibrosis; some long, rigid MWCNTs show asbestos-like pathogenicity in animal studies", "Thermal oxidation / ignition of fine CNT powders in air at elevated temperature", "Electrical shorting when conductive CNTs contaminate insulating parts", "Batch-to-batch chirality and metallic/semiconducting mix making electronic-device performance unpredictable" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of carbon nanotube this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "EU REACH treats many CNTs as nanoforms of carbon with substance-specific dossiers; some MWCNTs are SVHC-listed or under restriction discussion depending on fibre morphology", "US occupational guidance follows NIOSH REL (1 µg/m³ elemental carbon as respirable 8-h TWA, 2013 CIB 65) rather than a single OSHA PEL specific to CNTs", "ISO and IUPAC prefer 'single-wall' / 'multi-wall'; trade and papers often use SWNT/MWNT or SWCNT/MWCNT", "Japan and Korea have large production and JIS/KS nanotechnology vocabulary aligned to ISO/TC 229; China GB/T nanotechnology standards similarly track ISO terms" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of carbon nanotube this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "carbon nanofiber (CNF) / vapour-grown carbon fiber", "difference": "CNFs are typically larger diameter (often >50-100 nm), stacked-cup or herringbone graphene, not a continuous rolled seamless graphene cylinder; TEM wall lattice and selected-area diffraction separate them from CNTs." }, { "name": "graphene / graphene nanoplatelets", "difference": "Planar 2-D sheets rather than cylinders; Raman 2D-band shape, TEM cross-section (no inner lumen) and aspect (flake vs tube) distinguish them." }, { "name": "fullerenes (C60, C70)", "difference": "Closed 0-D cages, soluble molecular species with discrete mass spectra; CNTs are high-aspect 1-D solids without a single molecular formula." }, { "name": "amorphous carbon / carbon black", "difference": "No long-range cylindrical graphene lattice; XRD/TEM show turbostratic or amorphous particles rather than hollow tubes; much lower aspect ratio." }, { "name": "asbestos / mineral nanowires", "difference": "Inorganic silicate or oxide composition (Si, Mg, Fe by EDS); CNTs are carbon by EELS/EDS and burn or oxidize to CO2 leaving catalyst ash." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of carbon nanotube this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which operational boundary should this registry adopt for highly defective, bamboo-like, collapsed or partially unzipped structures that overlap nanotube and carbon nanofibre terminology?", "What minimum combination of structural and compositional evidence should support recognition when wall-resolving microscopy is unavailable?", "How should nanotube fraction and uncertainty be reconciled when microscopy, spectroscopy and thermal or elemental measurements describe different aspects of sample purity?", "Which chirality and electronic-character assignments remain defensible for multiwall, heavily functionalised or strongly aggregated material?", "What application-specific processing limits and release evidence are needed for the particular nanotube population, especially after ageing or incorporation into a host?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 7, "layers": 13, "findings": 20, "questions": 32 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a carbon nanotube, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a carbon nanotube, assess its material condition and evidence, and determine which characterisation, processing or incorporation actions are justified.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: JRCNM40001a, JRCNM40002a, JRCNM40004a, JRCNM40005a, JRCNM40006a, JRCNM40007a, JRCNM40008a, JRCNM40009a, JRCNM40010a, JRCNM04002a, single-walled carbon nanotube, multi-walled carbon nanotube.", "12 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 60 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a carbon nanotube, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "JRCNM40001a", "JRCNM40002a", "JRCNM40004a", "JRCNM40005a", "JRCNM40006a", "JRCNM40007a", "JRCNM40008a", "JRCNM40009a", "JRCNM40010a", "JRCNM04002a", "single-walled carbon nanotube", "multi-walled carbon nanotube" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 60 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 12 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one carbon nanotube from another, and a carbon nanotube from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a carbon nanotube, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a carbon nanotube, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a carbon nanotube is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a carbon nanotube, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a carbon nanotube, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a carbon nanotube is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a carbon nanotube sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a carbon nanotube, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a carbon nanotube, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a carbon nanotube is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a carbon nanotube from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a carbon nanotube, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a carbon nanotube, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a carbon nanotube is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a carbon nanotube is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a carbon nanotube, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a carbon nanotube, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a carbon nanotube is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a carbon nanotube is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a carbon nanotube, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a carbon nanotube, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a carbon nanotube is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a carbon nanotube is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a carbon nanotube, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a carbon nanotube, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a carbon nanotube is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a carbon nanotube is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a carbon nanotube is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a carbon nanotube, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a carbon nanotube, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a carbon nanotube is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a carbon nanotube is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a carbon nanotube, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a carbon nanotube, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a carbon nanotube is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a carbon nanotube passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a carbon nanotube between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a carbon nanotube, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a carbon nanotube, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a carbon nanotube is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a carbon nanotube, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a carbon nanotube is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a carbon nanotube, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a carbon nanotube, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a carbon nanotube is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a carbon nanotube and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a carbon nanotube is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a carbon nanotube performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a carbon nanotube, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a carbon nanotube, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a carbon nanotube is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a carbon nanotube.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a carbon nanotube at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a carbon nanotube, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a carbon nanotube, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a carbon nanotube is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a carbon nanotube there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a carbon nanotube, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a carbon nanotube, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a carbon nanotube is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What carbon nanotube is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name carbon nanotube unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of carbon nanotube exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How carbon nanotube behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of carbon nanotube, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is carbon nanotube incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How carbon nanotube can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is carbon nanotube classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover carbon nanotube, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a carbon nanotube came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a carbon nanotube and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a carbon nanotube, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a carbon nanotube, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a carbon nanotube is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a carbon nanotube is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a carbon nanotube, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a carbon nanotube, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a carbon nanotube is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }