{ "model": { "rank": 5426, "code": "thing-q178022", "model_id": "vr.tr.fingerprint", "name": "fingerprint", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a fingerprint record, assess its usefulness for comparison, and determine which handling or identification actions its evidence and permissions support.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.KNW", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q178022/", "tier": 2, "score": 67, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "thumbprint" ], "aliasCount": 1, "merged": 1, "knownIn": 67, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q178022", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178022", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T22:20:55Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 22.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08841-9e84-7b43-b5e3-877b9a20ed86\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: fingerprint\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: INF.KNW\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 reg", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 58.7, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08841-9e8e-7411-97d2-5a0008276481\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: fingerprint\nRegistry id: vr.tr.fingerprint\nPlane / domain: INF / INF.KNW\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\n" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q178022", "registryId": "vr.tr.fingerprint", "name": "fingerprint", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.KNW" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q178022/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.fingerprint", "name": "fingerprint", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a fingerprint record, assess its usefulness for comparison, and determine which handling or identification actions its evidence and permissions support.", "definition": "A fingerprint is the friction-ridge pattern on the palmar surface of a finger, or an impression or digital representation of that pattern, used as evidence for distinguishing and comparing individuals.", "scope_statement": "This model owns fingerprint as an information-bearing impression or recorded representation of friction-ridge detail from a human finger, provisionally interpreting the undefined registry entry in its biometric sense rather than as a digital hash or a field of study.", "in_scope": [ "Fingerprint impressions and captured images, including partial impressions", "Ridge patterns, minutiae and other recorded comparison features", "Capture circumstances, finger attribution and processing history", "Image quality, distortion and suitability for a stated comparison task", "Fingerprint comparison results and their evidential limitations", "Permissions and restrictions governing biometric handling" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Finger anatomy and the biological development of friction-ridge skin", "Palmprints, footprints and other biometric modalities", "Fingerprint scanners and laboratory equipment as devices", "Cryptographic hashes, browser fingerprints and other computational signatures", "Fingerprint examination as a discipline or occupation", "A person's complete identity record or a criminal investigation" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Represents friction-ridge detail attributable or provisionally attributable to a finger; a hand outline or finger photograph without usable ridge detail does not establish this scope.", "Separates the underlying finger's ridge configuration from each impression, which may capture different areas and introduce different distortions.", "Distinguishes a fingerprint image from a derived feature template; the template must retain a relationship to its source representation.", "Requires evidence for finger and person attribution rather than treating a stored identity label as proof of origin.", "Does not interpret a similarity score, visual resemblance or broad pattern class as a self-sufficient identity conclusion." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Representation form", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "physical impression; captured image; derived feature template; linked combination", "why_it_matters": "Determines what can be inspected directly and which transformations separate the record from its source." }, { "name": "Acquisition mode", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "rolled; plain or flat; recovered trace; contactless; other documented method; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Helps explain differences in coverage, perspective and distortion." }, { "name": "Finger attribution", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "claimed or established link to hand, digit and subject, with supporting evidence; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Prevents comparison against an incorrectly labelled reference and preserves uncertainty about origin." }, { "name": "Ridge-detail coverage", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "documented visible region, missing regions and overlap with a comparison impression", "why_it_matters": "A partial impression may support only a restricted comparison." }, { "name": "Image sampling resolution", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "pixels per inch where known and meaningful, with acquisition or calibration basis; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of visible detail and scale without mistaking resampling for additional captured information." }, { "name": "Feature annotation", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "pattern and local ridge features recorded with locations, visibility and annotation confidence", "why_it_matters": "Makes comparison evidence inspectable and distinguishes observed features from uncertain interpretations." }, { "name": "Task-specific suitability", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "not assessed; suitable for named task; suitable with limitations; unsuitable, with reasons", "why_it_matters": "An image useful for a search may not support the same conclusions as a detailed examination." }, { "name": "Comparison result", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "link to compared record, method, score if produced, decision rule, conclusion and review status", "why_it_matters": "Keeps a result attached to the actual comparison and prevents its reuse as an unconditional identity claim." }, { "name": "Permitted biometric use", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "documented allowed purposes, access, sharing, retention and deletion conditions; unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether an otherwise technically possible action is authorised." } ], "affordances": [ "Classify a record as a fingerprint image, impression or derived template and connect related representations.", "Annotate visible ridge features and flag regions affected by missing detail or distortion.", "Assess suitability for a specified search, verification or examination task.", "Compare with authorised reference records while preserving method, uncertainty and review status.", "Request recapture or further examination when the available ridge detail cannot support the intended task.", "Apply documented access, sharing, retention and deletion restrictions to images and derived templates." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "impression-identity-and-origin", "name": "Impression identity and origin", "description": "Establishes what fingerprint representation exists and what is known about its source.", "rationale": "Multiple impressions can come from one finger, and a fingerprint record can carry an incorrect or uncertain origin label.", "layers": [ { "id": "representation-boundary", "name": "Representation boundary", "description": "Separates the impression, its image and its derived feature representations.", "findings": [ { "id": "fingerprint-record-type", "name": "Fingerprint record type", "description": "Record the represented ridge-bearing material and the relationship between the available representations.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is this a physical finger impression, an image of ridge detail or a feature template derived from an image?", "kind": "definition", "id": "fingerprint-record-type-q01" }, { "text": "Which source impression or image does each derived representation describe?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "fingerprint-record-type-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capture-and-attribution", "name": "Capture and attribution", "description": "Records acquisition circumstances separately from claims about the originating finger or person.", "findings": [ { "id": "origin-evidence", "name": "Origin evidence", "description": "Preserve how the impression was obtained and the basis for any hand, digit or subject attribution.", "questions": [ { "text": "How, when and from what finger or surface was this impression captured or recovered?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "origin-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What supports the recorded hand, digit and subject labels, and which labels remain unknown or disputed?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "origin-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "ridge-detail-and-suitability", "name": "Ridge detail and suitability", "description": "Describes the available comparison features and the limitations of the recorded impression.", "rationale": "Fingerprint usefulness depends on the visible ridge detail for a particular task, rather than on the mere presence of an image.", "layers": [ { "id": "observable-ridge-features", "name": "Observable ridge features", "description": "Captures broad ridge organisation and local features with explicit visibility limits.", "findings": [ { "id": "feature-evidence", "name": "Feature evidence", "description": "Distinguish confidently observed ridge features from ambiguous marks and processing artefacts.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which ridge flows, endings, bifurcations or other comparison features are visible, and where?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "feature-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which annotated features could instead reflect smearing, overlap, damage or image processing?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "feature-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "coverage-and-distortion", "name": "Coverage and distortion", "description": "Relates missing or altered ridge information to the intended use.", "findings": [ { "id": "task-suitability-assessment", "name": "Task suitability assessment", "description": "Assess usable area, scale, clarity and distortion against a named comparison task.", "questions": [ { "text": "What ridge area is available, at what known sampling resolution, and with what blur, pressure distortion or occlusion?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "task-suitability-assessment-q01" }, { "text": "Does the documented quality assessment support the intended task, or is recapture or additional examination needed?", "kind": "action", "id": "task-suitability-assessment-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "comparison-and-attribution", "name": "Comparison and attribution", "description": "Connects a fingerprint comparison to its purpose, reference material, method and supported conclusion.", "rationale": "Candidate retrieval, verification and examiner conclusions have different meanings and must not collapse into an unqualified identity assertion.", "layers": [ { "id": "comparison-setup", "name": "Comparison setup", "description": "Defines the comparison question and establishes whether the representations can be compared meaningfully.", "findings": [ { "id": "comparison-contract", "name": "Comparison contract", "description": "Record the reference set, comparison purpose, representation compatibility and method.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the task checking a claimed identity, retrieving candidates from a collection or examining a specified pair of impressions?", "kind": "definition", "id": "comparison-contract-q01" }, { "text": "Which reference impressions, finger positions, overlapping regions and image or template formats are being compared?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "comparison-contract-q02" }, { "text": "Which algorithm version or examination procedure and decision rule govern this comparison?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "comparison-contract-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "result-and-review", "name": "Result and review", "description": "Preserves observed correspondence, discrepancies, uncertainty and review separately from identity labels.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-comparison-conclusion", "name": "Supported comparison conclusion", "description": "Attach each conclusion to its evidence and distinguish automated output from reviewed interpretation.", "questions": [ { "text": "What correspondences, discrepancies or scores were recorded, and what conclusion does the stated procedure support?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "supported-comparison-conclusion-q01" }, { "text": "What limitations or alternative explanations remain, and has a reviewer assessed them?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "supported-comparison-conclusion-q02" }, { "text": "Which next action is supported: retain a candidate, request review, obtain another impression or record an inconclusive result?", "kind": "action", "id": "supported-comparison-conclusion-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "biometric-integrity-and-use", "name": "Biometric integrity and use", "description": "Preserves fingerprint evidence through processing and governs use of its identifying information.", "rationale": "Altered ridge images, detached templates and unsupported reuse can undermine both comparison reliability and permitted biometric handling.", "layers": [ { "id": "image-and-template-lineage", "name": "Image and template lineage", "description": "Tracks transformations that may change how ridge detail is represented or interpreted.", "findings": [ { "id": "processing-traceability", "name": "Processing traceability", "description": "Connect enhanced images and extracted templates to preserved source records and documented processing steps.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which enhancement, cropping, rescaling, compression or feature-extraction steps produced this representation?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "processing-traceability-q01" }, { "text": "Can a reviewer inspect the source and distinguish captured ridge detail from changes introduced during processing?", "kind": "action", "id": "processing-traceability-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "authorised-biometric-actions", "name": "Authorised biometric actions", "description": "Associates fingerprint-specific handling decisions with documented purpose and access conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "use-and-retention-boundaries", "name": "Use and retention boundaries", "description": "Record whether fingerprint images and templates may be searched, linked, shared or retained for the proposed purpose.", "questions": [ { "text": "What documented authority permits this fingerprint's collection and proposed comparison, enrolment or reuse?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "use-and-retention-boundaries-q01" }, { "text": "Which access, sharing, retention and deletion conditions apply to the impression image and every derived template?", "kind": "action", "id": "use-and-retention-boundaries-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The name has no recorded sense. This description assumes the biological and biometric meaning; the INF.KNW domain code alone does not settle that interpretation.", "Standards are recalled without consulting their texts; verify applicable editions, replacement standards and implementation profiles.", "Fingerprint comparison is evidential and subject to error; distinctiveness should not be presented as a guarantee of infallible identification." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of fingerprint this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Arch patterns", "Loop patterns", "Whorl patterns" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of fingerprint this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Henry classification system", "value_or_pattern": "A classification derived from ridge-pattern configurations across ten fingers", "note": "Historically used to organise fingerprint records; a classification is not a unique identifier for a person." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of fingerprint this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "ISO/IEC 19794-2, issued by ISO and IEC, specifies biometric data interchange formats for finger minutiae.", "ISO/IEC 19794-4, issued by ISO and IEC, specifies biometric data interchange formats for finger images.", "ANSI/NIST-ITL, maintained by NIST, specifies interchange formats for fingerprint and other biometric information." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of fingerprint this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Forensic comparison of recovered impressions with reference fingerprints", "Biometric verification for device unlocking and access control", "Searching enrolled fingerprint records for possible identity matches", "Identification of deceased people", "Identity checks in border and immigration systems" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of fingerprint this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Fingerprint image sampling resolution", "typical_range": "500 is a common nominal capture resolution; requirements depend on the application", "unit": "pixels per inch" }, { "quantity": "False match rate", "typical_range": "Depends on the comparison threshold, system and evaluation population", "unit": "proportion of non-mated comparisons incorrectly accepted" }, { "quantity": "False non-match rate", "typical_range": "Depends on the comparison threshold, image quality and evaluation population", "unit": "proportion of mated comparisons incorrectly rejected" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of fingerprint this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Partial, smeared or distorted impressions can obscure ridge detail and increase comparison uncertainty.", "Skin wear, injury, moisture and capture conditions can reduce image quality or prevent enrolment.", "Automated comparisons can produce false matches and false non-matches.", "Artificial fingerprints or replayed biometric data can defeat systems without effective presentation-attack and data-integrity protections.", "Compromised fingerprint records create lasting privacy risks because the underlying bodily characteristic cannot readily be replaced." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of fingerprint this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Legal conditions for collecting, retaining and sharing fingerprints differ by jurisdiction.", "Forensic identification practices differ in how they assess ridge detail, document conclusions and require independent verification." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of fingerprint this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Dactyloscopy", "difference": "Dactyloscopy is the study and examination of fingerprints; a fingerprint is the pattern or its representation." }, { "name": "Palmprint", "difference": "A palmprint records friction-ridge detail from the palm rather than a finger." }, { "name": "Fingerprint minutia", "difference": "A minutia is a local ridge feature, such as a ridge ending or bifurcation, within a fingerprint." }, { "name": "DNA profile", "difference": "A DNA profile represents selected genetic markers rather than skin ridge patterns." }, { "name": "Digital fingerprint", "difference": "A digital fingerprint characterises data, software or a device; it need not represent a biological finger." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of fingerprint this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does vr.tr.fingerprint denote a biometric impression, the underlying ridge configuration or another sense such as a computational fingerprint?", "Does an existing Vercy world model already own this concept, requiring the registry entry to link to that publication?", "Which acquisition and use contexts must the model support: forensic traces, authentication, civil identification or a defined subset?", "Which documented quality measures, template conventions and comparison procedures should govern suitability and result interpretation in those contexts?", "Should presentation-attack evidence and capture authenticity be owned here or linked from a biometric acquisition or authentication model?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 17, "questions": 27 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "discipline or field of knowledge", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a fingerprint, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise a fingerprint record, assess its usefulness for comparison, and determine which handling or identification actions its evidence and permissions support.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: thumbprint.", "1 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 67 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a fingerprint, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says" ], "howItIsRecognised": [], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "thumbprint" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 67 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 1 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one fingerprint from another, and a fingerprint from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a fingerprint, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a fingerprint, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a fingerprint is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a fingerprint, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a fingerprint, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a fingerprint is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a fingerprint sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a fingerprint, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a fingerprint, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a fingerprint is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a fingerprint from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a fingerprint, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a fingerprint, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a fingerprint is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a fingerprint passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a fingerprint between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a fingerprint, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a fingerprint, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a fingerprint is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a fingerprint, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a fingerprint is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a fingerprint, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a fingerprint, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a fingerprint is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a fingerprint says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a fingerprint contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a fingerprint, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a fingerprint, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a fingerprint is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a fingerprint and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a fingerprint, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a fingerprint, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a fingerprint is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "subject-and-method", "name": "Subject matter and method", "description": "What fingerprint studies and how it establishes anything.", "rationale": "A field is identified by its questions and its methods, and those are what distinguish it from the fields next to it.", "layers": [ { "id": "subject", "name": "Subject matter", "description": "The questions it takes as its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "subject-record", "name": "Questions and objects of study", "description": "What it is about, stated so a neighbouring field can be told apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "subject-record-q01", "text": "What questions and objects does fingerprint take as its own?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "subject-record-q02", "text": "Which questions does it share with a neighbouring field, and who claims them?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "method", "name": "Method and evidence", "description": "How claims are established and what counts as evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "method-record", "name": "Methods and standards of evidence", "description": "The methods used and what they are taken to establish.", "questions": [ { "id": "method-record-q01", "text": "By what methods does fingerprint establish claims, and what counts as sufficient evidence?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "method-record-q02", "text": "What kind of claim can this field not settle, and where should an agent look instead?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "institutions-and-classification", "name": "Institutions and classification", "description": "Where fingerprint is practised and how catalogues place it.", "rationale": "The institutional footprint is the evidence that a field exists as a field rather than as a topic.", "layers": [ { "id": "institutions", "name": "Institutional markers", "description": "Societies, journals, degrees and departments.", "findings": [ { "id": "institution-record", "name": "Bodies and venues", "description": "Where the field organises itself.", "questions": [ { "id": "institution-record-q01", "text": "Which societies, journals or degrees mark fingerprint as an established field?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "institution-record-q02", "text": "What would show that it is emerging or dissolving rather than established?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification", "name": "Classification schemes", "description": "Where library and research classifications put it.", "findings": [ { "id": "classification-record", "name": "Codes and their disagreements", "description": "The classification codes that place it, and where they differ.", "questions": [ { "id": "classification-record-q01", "text": "Which classification schemes place fingerprint, under what codes?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classification-record-q02", "text": "Where do those schemes disagree about its scope?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a fingerprint came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a fingerprint and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a fingerprint, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a fingerprint, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a fingerprint is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a fingerprint is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a fingerprint, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a fingerprint, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a fingerprint is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }