{ "model": { "rank": 3660, "code": "thing-q178623", "model_id": "vr.tr.kidney-stone-disease", "name": "kidney stone disease", "purpose": "Let an agent explain kidney stone disease and stone types in general terms from urology guidelines, describe symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention, identify emergencies, and route personal questions to clinicians.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.STA", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q178623/", "tier": 2, "score": 83, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "nephrolithiasis", "cystine stones", "staghorn calculus" ], "aliasCount": 3, "merged": 4, "knownIn": 83, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q178623", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178623", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T03:18:30Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 3, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q178623", "registryId": "vr.tr.kidney-stone-disease", "name": "kidney stone disease", "version": "0.2.0-wave.3", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.STA" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q178623/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.kidney-stone-disease", "name": "kidney stone disease", "purpose": "Let an agent explain kidney stone disease and stone types in general terms from urology guidelines, describe symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention, identify emergencies, and route personal questions to clinicians.", "definition": "A condition in which solid crystalline deposits form in the kidneys from minerals in the urine, most often calcium oxalate, and also calcium phosphate, uric acid, struvite and cystine stones, ranging from small stones passed with pain to large staghorn calculi filling the renal pelvis; nephrolithiasis causes severe flank pain, blood in the urine and obstruction, is diagnosed by imaging, and is treated with fluids, pain relief, medical expulsion, lithotripsy or surgery, with prevention through diet and treatment of underlying causes.", "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a disease.", "affordances": [ "explain stone types and causes", "relay symptoms and diagnosis", "relay treatment and prevention", "route emergencies and personal questions" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Crystalline deposits", "Severe colic", "High recurrence", "Preventable with measures" ], "appearance": "Not a visible object; hard crystalline stones from grains to several centimetres.", "visual_identification": [ "Stones in the kidney", "Calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, uric acid, struvite and cystine stones; staghorn calculi", "Gallstones form in the gallbladder; bladder stones form lower in the tract" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "lifetime prevalence", "typical_range": "about 10", "unit": "percent", "note": "varies by country" }, { "quantity": "calcium oxalate share", "typical_range": "about 70-80", "unit": "percent", "note": "of stones" }, { "quantity": "recurrence within 10 years", "typical_range": "about 50", "unit": "percent", "note": "without prevention" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "calcium oxalate stones", "calcium phosphate stones", "uric acid stones", "struvite or infection stones", "cystine stones from cystinuria", "staghorn calculi", "stones in children" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "urolithiasis", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "calculus", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "causes", "target": "renal colic", "why": "when stones move" }, { "relation": "is treated by", "target": "lithotripsy", "why": "among other methods" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "ICD-11", "value_or_pattern": "GB70.0", "note": "kidney stone" }, { "scheme": "MeSH", "value_or_pattern": "D053040", "note": "nephrolithiasis" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "EAU and AUA urolithiasis guidelines", "Dietary guidance from urology and nutrition bodies" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Obstruction with infection as an emergency", "Agents giving personal medical advice", "Confusing kidney stones with other causes of pain", "Unproven remedies" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "help", "name": "Help", "description": "Urgent signs first.", "rationale": "Safety.", "layers": [ { "id": "urgent", "name": "Urgent", "description": "Emergency signs.", "findings": [ { "id": "urgent-finding", "name": "Urgent", "description": "Urgent.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which signs, such as fever with severe pain, inability to urinate or uncontrolled pain, need emergency care?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Is the user describing such signs, which need emergency services now?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "care", "name": "Care", "description": "Getting assessed.", "findings": [ { "id": "care-finding", "name": "Care", "description": "Care.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are kidney stones diagnosed with imaging and urine tests, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the user asking about their own symptoms, which need a clinician?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "The disease.", "rationale": "Clinical.", "layers": [ { "id": "types", "name": "Types", "description": "Stone types and causes.", "findings": [ { "id": "types-finding", "name": "Types", "description": "Types.", "questions": [ { "text": "What types of stones exist, and what causes each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about kidney stones, gallstones or bladder stones?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "symptoms", "name": "Symptoms", "description": "Symptoms.", "findings": [ { "id": "symptoms-finding", "name": "Symptoms", "description": "Symptoms.", "questions": [ { "text": "What symptoms do stones cause, and how do they pass?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific stone type?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "treat", "name": "Treat", "description": "Treatment and prevention.", "rationale": "Clinical.", "layers": [ { "id": "treatment", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment.", "findings": [ { "id": "treatment-finding", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment.", "questions": [ { "text": "What treatments do guidelines recommend, from expulsion therapy to lithotripsy and ureteroscopy?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "prevention", "name": "Prevention", "description": "Prevention.", "findings": [ { "id": "prevention-finding", "name": "Prevention", "description": "Prevention.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do fluids, diet and medication reduce recurrence, per guidelines?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "Epidemiology and history.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "epidemiology", "name": "Epidemiology", "description": "Epidemiology.", "findings": [ { "id": "epidemiology-finding", "name": "Epidemiology", "description": "Epidemiology.", "questions": [ { "text": "How common are kidney stones, and why is incidence rising, with research attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits urolithiasis epidemiology?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "How were stones treated historically, from lithotomy to modern lithotripsy?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the history of urology?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should cystinuria and staghorn calculus be separate entries?", "How should guidelines be linked?", "The registry entry has merged aliases naming stone types; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "disease or condition", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a kidney stone disease, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain kidney stone disease and stone types in general terms from urology guidelines, describe symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention, identify emergencies, and route personal questions to clinicians.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: nephrolithiasis, cystine stones, staghorn calculus.", "4 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 83 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a kidney stone disease, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by criteria applied to signs and findings, not by appearance. Two conditions can look identical and be distinguished only by test." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "nephrolithiasis", "cystine stones", "staghorn calculus" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 83 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 4 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one kidney stone disease from another, and a kidney stone disease from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a kidney stone disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a kidney stone disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a kidney stone disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a kidney stone disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a kidney stone disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a kidney stone disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a kidney stone disease sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a kidney stone disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a kidney stone disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a kidney stone disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a kidney stone disease from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a kidney stone disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a kidney stone disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a kidney stone disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a kidney stone disease passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a kidney stone disease between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a kidney stone disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a kidney stone disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a kidney stone disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a kidney stone disease, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a kidney stone disease is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a kidney stone disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a kidney stone disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a kidney stone disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "diagnosis-and-criteria", "name": "Diagnosis, criteria and coding", "description": "What makes a case of kidney stone disease a case, and under which revision.", "rationale": "Criteria change between revisions, so a diagnosis without its coding revision cannot be compared with a later one.", "layers": [ { "id": "criteria", "name": "Diagnostic criteria", "description": "The criteria in force and who issues them.", "findings": [ { "id": "criteria-record", "name": "Criteria, issuer and revision", "description": "What must be true for a diagnosis, according to whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "criteria-record-q01", "text": "What criteria define kidney stone disease, issued by which body, in which revision?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "criteria-record-q02", "text": "What changed between revisions that would reclassify existing cases?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "coding", "name": "Coding and terminology", "description": "The codes used to record it and their mapping.", "findings": [ { "id": "coding-record", "name": "Codes and mappings", "description": "Which classification codes apply and how they map.", "questions": [ { "id": "coding-record-q01", "text": "Which classification and terminology codes cover kidney stone disease, and how do they map to each other?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "coding-record-q02", "text": "What is lost when a case is mapped from one scheme to another?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "course-and-population", "name": "Course, population and care", "description": "How kidney stone disease develops, whom it affects, and what is done about it.", "rationale": "The condition, the diagnosis and the episode of care are three different things, and an agent must not merge them.", "layers": [ { "id": "course", "name": "Course and stages", "description": "Onset, progression, remission and outcome.", "findings": [ { "id": "course-record", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages recorded and what moves a case between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "course-record-q01", "text": "What course does kidney stone disease typically take, and what marks each stage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "course-record-q02", "text": "What separates the condition itself from an episode of care for it?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "population", "name": "Affected populations", "description": "Who is affected, how often, and on what evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "epidemiology", "name": "Prevalence and its basis", "description": "Rates with their population, period and source.", "questions": [ { "id": "epidemiology-q01", "text": "What prevalence or incidence is reported for kidney stone disease, in which population and period?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "epidemiology-q02", "text": "What may an agent not conclude about an individual from a population rate?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a kidney stone disease came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a kidney stone disease and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a kidney stone disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a kidney stone disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a kidney stone disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a kidney stone disease is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a kidney stone disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a kidney stone disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a kidney stone disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }