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Research draft

land mine

vr.tr.land-mine · PHY.OBJ

Let an agent explain land mines as a weapon category and humanitarian problem, relay the treaty framework, casualty data and demining from humanitarian and legal sources, describe historical development in general, route people in mined areas or affected by mines to safety information and support organisations, and decline operational, construction or emplacement detail.

Thing Registry Physical world and living systems

Research draft, second pass

A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.

written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify

Researched by: Claude

Purpose and description

Let an agent explain land mines as a weapon category and humanitarian problem, relay the treaty framework, casualty data and demining from humanitarian and legal sources, describe historical development in general, route people in mined areas or affected by mines to safety information and support organisations, and decline operational, construction or emplacement detail.

An explosive device concealed on or under the ground and designed to detonate when a person or vehicle passes over or near it, classified as anti-personnel mines, including blast and fragmentation types and directional mines such as the Claymore, and anti-tank or anti-vehicle mines, together with scatterable mines delivered by aircraft or artillery; land mines remain active long after conflicts, causing civilian casualties, and are restricted by the Ottawa Treaty banning anti-personnel mines and by the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons, with humanitarian demining a major international effort; described here at the level of public reference sources without operational detail.

What it is for: Not applicable; a weapon category.

It can be explain the category; relay treaties and humanitarian data; describe demining and support; decline operational detail.

Distinguishing features

Victim-activated

Long persistence

Civilian harm

Treaty restrictions

What it looks like

Small buried or surface-laid devices, varied in shape and often hard to see.

Physical character

Ottawa Treaty adopted: 1997 year - in force 1999

states parties: over 160 count

annual casualties: thousands count - Landmine Monitor, mostly civilians

How it is recognised

Concealed victim-activated explosive device

Anti-personnel blast and fragmentation mines, directional mines, anti-tank mines, scatterable mines

Improvised explosive devices are not standard mines; unexploded ordnance is abandoned munition; naval mines are at sea

Related models

is a kind of - in registry terms

mine

is restricted by - banning anti-personnel mines

Ottawa Treaty

is addressed by - and mine action

humanitarian demining

is contrasted with - abandoned munitions

unexploded ordnance

In practice

Families and kinds

anti-personnel blast mines

anti-personnel fragmentation and bounding mines

directional fragmentation mines such as the Claymore

anti-tank and anti-vehicle mines

scatterable and remotely delivered mines

historical mine types named in the registry aliases

Standards and regulation

Ottawa Treaty on anti-personnel mines

Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons Amended Protocol II

International Mine Action Standards

International humanitarian law

Failure modes and hazards

Agents providing construction, emplacement or operational detail

Civilian casualties and long-term contamination

Presenting contested treaty positions as settled

Also called

PMR-3 minePMK-40ML-7 mineanti-personnel mineClaymore mineBLU-42AT2 mineM24 mineA.P. Mine No. 3A.P. Mine E.P. No. 4Mine A.P. Improvised Type IIMine type 72M49directional minePP-Mi-SbPRB-M35M14M16BLU-92/BPROM-1PMA-1 (mine)Type 72PMN minebounding mineM2 minePMA-2 minePOM-2 minePP-Mi-ŠrSchützenabwehrverlegemine DM31PMA-3 mineFlame fougasseGlasmine 43SM-70VS-50 mineSchü-mine 42Type 93MON-200DM-39 minePFM-1FMK-1 mine

+115

Where this came from

wikidata · CC0 1.0

Drafted structure

Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.

Help Safety first.

Safety.

Danger

Mined areas.

Danger

Danger.

  1. What do mine action organisations advise people in or near suspected mined areas, in general terms, such as stopping, retracing steps and contacting authorities? action
  2. Is the user in or near a suspected mined area now, which needs local authorities and mine action services? boundary

Survivors

Survivor support.

Survivors

Survivors.

  1. What support exists for mine survivors and affected communities? provenance
  2. Is the presentation routing to support organisations? boundary
Understand What land mines are.

Definition.

Definition

Definition and types.

Definition

Definition.

  1. What is a land mine, and how do anti-personnel, directional, anti-tank and scatterable mines differ in public reference terms? definition
  2. Is the question about the category in general or about operational, construction or emplacement matters the model does not cover? boundary

Harm

Humanitarian impact.

Harm

Harm.

  1. Why do mines cause civilian harm long after conflicts, and which countries are most affected, as Landmine Monitor reports? definition
  2. Which entry fits the specific country? action
Law Treaties and mine action.

Regulation.

Treaties

Treaties.

Treaties

Treaties.

  1. What do the Ottawa Treaty and CCW Protocol II require, and which states have not joined, with positions attributed? provenance
  2. Which references are standard? provenance

Demining

Demining.

Demining

Demining.

  1. How does humanitarian demining work, in general terms, from survey to clearance and land release? provenance
  2. Which sources are cited? provenance
Context History and debate.

Context.

History

History.

History

History.

  1. How did land mines develop and spread through 20th-century conflicts, as historians describe? provenance
  2. Which entry fits the history of land mines? action

Debate

Debate.

Debate

Debate.

  1. What debates surround the ban, recent withdrawals or non-accession, and new mine use, with positions attributed? provenance
  2. Is the presentation neutral? boundary

What the second pass must settle

  • Should the Ottawa Treaty and mine action be separate primary entries?
  • How should humanitarian sources be linked?
  • The registry entry has merged aliases naming specific mine models; should they be split off?