{ "model": { "rank": 5373, "code": "thing-q179177", "model_id": "vr.tr.weathering", "name": "weathering", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise weathering, assess how it is altering exposed rock or mineral material, and judge appropriate investigation or intervention.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q179177/", "tier": 2, "score": 68, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "rock weathering", "tafoni", "space weathering", "Brunification", "silicate weathering", "chemical weathering", "physical weathering", "honeycomb weathering", "spheroidal weathering", "biological weathering", "haloclasty", "wedging" ], "aliasCount": 12, "merged": 12, "knownIn": 68, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q179177", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179177", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T22:13:55Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 20.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0883b-1ac0-7a03-9ff8-ba25ed3d2a61\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: weathering\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: ACT.ACT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 regi", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 65.8, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0883b-1ab6-76f3-813a-2421429704d3\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: weathering\nRegistry id: vr.tr.weathering\nPlane / domain: ACT / ACT.ACT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nCo" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q179177", "registryId": "vr.tr.weathering", "name": "weathering", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q179177/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.weathering", "name": "weathering", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise weathering, assess how it is altering exposed rock or mineral material, and judge appropriate investigation or intervention.", "definition": "Weathering is the physical disintegration and chemical alteration of rocks, minerals, and other materials at or near Earth's surface through interaction with water, air, organisms, and changing environmental conditions, without requiring transport of the resulting material.", "scope_statement": "This model owns weathering as the physical disintegration and chemical alteration of rock and mineral material at or near Earth's surface, including biologically mediated processes; it provisionally excludes other senses of the name.", "in_scope": [ "Physical disintegration and chemical alteration occurring in place", "Biological contributions to physical and chemical weathering", "Susceptibility associated with mineral composition, texture, fractures and exposure", "Weathering products, alteration profiles and changes in material properties", "Evidence for active mechanisms, progression and consequences", "Monitoring and management of weathering in natural rock and mineral-based built materials" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Erosion, sediment transport and deposition as processes in their own right", "Regional soil formation and soil classification beyond their weathering components", "Metamorphism and hydrothermal alteration outside the adopted surface-process boundary", "Atmospheric weather and climate systems except as exposure conditions", "General deterioration of polymers, coatings and other manufactured materials", "The social and health concept of weathering" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "A weathering instance requires evidence of material disintegration or alteration; exposure to rain, sunlight or temperature variation alone is insufficient.", "Weathering can produce loosened or altered material without transporting it; subsequent removal is recorded as erosion even when both processes occur together.", "Physical weathering is supported by fragmentation or cracking without requiring mineral transformation, whereas chemical weathering requires evidence of dissolution or chemical change.", "Biological presence counts as a weathering contribution only when an organism's activity can be connected to material disruption or alteration.", "Inherited alteration must be distinguished from currently active weathering using exposure history, fresh alteration features or observations through time." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Parent material and reference condition", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Rock or mineral identification linked to mineralogy, texture and a comparatively unweathered reference", "why_it_matters": "Weathering cannot be assessed reliably without distinguishing original material properties from subsequent changes." }, { "name": "Supported weathering mechanisms", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Physical disintegration; chemical alteration or dissolution; coupled processes; unresolved, with biological contributions recorded separately", "why_it_matters": "Mechanism attribution determines which measurements and interventions are relevant." }, { "name": "Exposure and access pathways", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Connections to water, air, organisms and salts through surfaces, pores and fractures", "why_it_matters": "Reactants and stresses must reach susceptible material for the proposed process to operate." }, { "name": "Weathering extent", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Alteration depth in mm or m, affected volume fraction, or a named material-specific grading scheme", "why_it_matters": "Extent identifies how much material is affected without assuming that surface appearance represents the interior." }, { "name": "Material-property change", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Change relative to a stated reference in porosity, permeability, strength or mineral composition, with method-specific units", "why_it_matters": "Visible alteration and functional deterioration need not progress together." }, { "name": "Progression rate", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Surface recession in mm/year, mass change in g/m²/year, or reaction flux in mol/m²/year, with measurement period and attribution", "why_it_matters": "Different rate measures capture different processes and must not be treated as interchangeable." }, { "name": "Present activity", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Active during observation; episodically active; no activity detected during observation; unresolved", "why_it_matters": "An extensively weathered material may show little measurable change during the current observation period." }, { "name": "Weathering products and their fate", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Links to residual fragments, secondary minerals, dissolved constituents and their retention or export", "why_it_matters": "Products help identify mechanisms and connect weathering to neighbouring transport and soil processes." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify a candidate weathering occurrence and distinguish it from transport, staining or inherited alteration.", "Compare competing mechanism explanations against material, exposure and product evidence.", "Select measurements that separate alteration extent, current activity and changes in material performance.", "Track weathering fronts, surface change and product formation through time.", "Evaluate whether drainage, exposure reduction or another intervention addresses the supported mechanism.", "Refer consequences involving slope stability, structural integrity or water chemistry to the appropriate neighbouring model." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "weathering-identity-and-boundaries", "name": "Weathering identity and boundaries", "description": "Establishes the intended sense of weathering and identifies the material transformation being modelled.", "rationale": "The name can cover different subjects, while geological weathering often occurs alongside processes that must be distinguished from it.", "layers": [ { "id": "sense-and-instance", "name": "Sense and instance", "description": "Defines the geological process sense and the evidence needed to recognise an occurrence.", "findings": [ { "id": "alteration-in-place", "name": "Alteration in place", "description": "Record the affected parent material and evidence that it has disintegrated or changed chemically at the weathering location.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this registry entry intend geological weathering, and what operational definition will be used?", "kind": "definition", "id": "alteration-in-place-q01" }, { "text": "What observation demonstrates disintegration or chemical alteration rather than exposure alone?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "alteration-in-place-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "adjacent-processes", "name": "Adjacent processes", "description": "Separates weathering from transport and other forms of material alteration.", "findings": [ { "id": "process-partition", "name": "Process partition", "description": "Attribute local alteration, material removal and inherited changes separately, allowing them to coexist in one observed setting.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which observed changes occurred in place, and which reflect erosion or imported deposits?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "process-partition-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence separates surface weathering from earlier hydrothermal, metamorphic or manufacturing-related alteration?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "process-partition-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "mechanisms-and-biological-contributions", "name": "Mechanisms and biological contributions", "description": "Organises explanations for material breakdown and records evidence for interacting mechanisms.", "rationale": "Similar cracks, pits or colour changes can arise through different processes and do not establish a mechanism by themselves.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-disintegration", "name": "Physical disintegration", "description": "Examines fragmentation caused by stresses acting within or on the parent material.", "findings": [ { "id": "stress-and-fracture-evidence", "name": "Stress and fracture evidence", "description": "Assess candidate processes such as freezing, salt crystallisation, thermal effects and root growth using evidence of both the required conditions and resulting damage.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which candidate stress process fits the crack geometry, material properties and recorded exposure conditions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "stress-and-fracture-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What observation would distinguish the leading explanation from another process capable of producing similar fractures?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "stress-and-fracture-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "chemical-and-biological-alteration", "name": "Chemical and biological alteration", "description": "Examines dissolution, mineral transformation and organism-mediated changes.", "findings": [ { "id": "reaction-and-organism-attribution", "name": "Reaction and organism attribution", "description": "Connect mineral depletion, secondary products or dissolved constituents to plausible reactions, recording biological involvement as a contribution rather than an automatically separate mechanism.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which mineral losses, secondary phases or dissolved constituents support the proposed chemical reaction?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "reaction-and-organism-attribution-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence connects organisms to chemical alteration or physical disruption rather than simple occupation of an already weathered surface?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "reaction-and-organism-attribution-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "susceptibility-and-exposure", "name": "Susceptibility and exposure", "description": "Relates the material's properties to the environmental conditions that permit weathering.", "rationale": "Weathering behaviour depends on both susceptible material and access to the relevant reactants or stress cycles.", "layers": [ { "id": "parent-material-controls", "name": "Parent material controls", "description": "Records composition and internal structure that influence reaction and fragmentation.", "findings": [ { "id": "mineral-texture-and-pathways", "name": "Minerals, texture and pathways", "description": "Identify susceptible mineral phases, grain relationships, pores and fractures, distinguishing pre-existing features from those produced by weathering.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which mineral phases and textural features are preferentially altered or disrupted?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "mineral-texture-and-pathways-q01" }, { "text": "Which pores and fractures predate weathering, and which developed as alteration progressed?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "mineral-texture-and-pathways-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "environmental-forcing", "name": "Environmental forcing", "description": "Records local water, temperature, chemical and biological conditions over relevant timescales.", "findings": [ { "id": "effective-exposure-history", "name": "Effective exposure history", "description": "Characterise conditions experienced at the material surface and within accessible pores, including episodic exposure and changes in shelter or drainage.", "questions": [ { "text": "What wetting, drying, temperature and solution-chemistry conditions reach the affected material?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "effective-exposure-history-q01" }, { "text": "How have burial, excavation, shelter, drainage or pollution changed the material's exposure history?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "effective-exposure-history-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "alteration-state-and-progression", "name": "Alteration state and progression", "description": "Assesses weathering extent, products and change through time.", "rationale": "A weathered appearance does not establish alteration depth, present activity or a reliable weathering rate.", "layers": [ { "id": "profiles-and-products", "name": "Profiles and products", "description": "Describes spatial variation from exposed surfaces into less altered material.", "findings": [ { "id": "weathering-front-and-residues", "name": "Weathering front and residues", "description": "Record alteration gradients, rinds, residual fragments and secondary phases without assuming a uniform or sharply bounded front.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do mineral composition, strength or porosity vary with depth and along fractures?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "weathering-front-and-residues-q01" }, { "text": "Which surface or pore-filling products formed locally, and which were deposited from elsewhere?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "weathering-front-and-residues-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "activity-and-rate", "name": "Activity and rate", "description": "Separates accumulated weathering from change demonstrated during an observation period.", "findings": [ { "id": "rate-with-attribution", "name": "Rate with attribution", "description": "Specify the measured quantity, reference area or volume, observation interval and uncertainty, separating weathering signals from transport and measurement artefacts.", "questions": [ { "text": "What repeated measurement demonstrates current progression, over what interval and above what detection limit?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "rate-with-attribution-q01" }, { "text": "How are abrasion, sediment removal, moisture changes and external deposition excluded or accounted for in the reported rate?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "rate-with-attribution-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequences-and-response", "name": "Consequences and response", "description": "Connects diagnosed weathering to material consequences and justified next actions.", "rationale": "An agent needs to distinguish observable alteration from consequential change and choose actions appropriate to the supported mechanism.", "layers": [ { "id": "functional-consequences", "name": "Functional consequences", "description": "Assesses how alteration affects the material in its natural or built setting.", "findings": [ { "id": "property-and-product-effects", "name": "Property and product effects", "description": "Relate weathering to measured changes in strength, permeability or constituent release, leaving downstream hazard assessment to the relevant models.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which measured property changes or released constituents matter for this material's setting and use?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "property-and-product-effects-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence warrants referral for slope, structural, conservation or water-quality assessment?", "kind": "action", "id": "property-and-product-effects-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "investigation-and-intervention", "name": "Investigation and intervention", "description": "Selects monitoring or treatment based on mechanism evidence and evaluates the result.", "findings": [ { "id": "mechanism-matched-response", "name": "Mechanism-matched response", "description": "Choose an investigation or intervention that addresses a supported weathering process, with explicit success measures and consideration of altered moisture or salt movement.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which additional observation would most reduce uncertainty before choosing an intervention?", "kind": "action", "id": "mechanism-matched-response-q01" }, { "text": "How will monitoring determine whether the intervention reduced alteration or instead redistributed moisture, salts or damage?", "kind": "action", "id": "mechanism-matched-response-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The registry supplies no sense; the geological meaning is assumed and should be checked against the originating entry.", "Biological weathering overlaps physical and chemical weathering rather than forming a mutually exclusive mechanism.", "Weathering rates and severity measures depend on material, mechanism, climate, and timescale; no universal numerical range is appropriate." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of weathering this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Physical or mechanical weathering", "Chemical weathering", "Biological weathering, acting through physical or chemical processes" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of weathering this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Assessing rock durability for foundations, slopes, tunnels, and construction stone", "Explaining soil formation and the development of regolith", "Conserving stone buildings, monuments, and archaeological remains", "Interpreting landscape development and sediment production", "Studying mineral nutrient release and carbon cycling" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of weathering this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Weathering can weaken rock masses and contribute to slope instability and rockfall.", "Salt crystallization, freezing water, and mineral alteration can cause stone to crack, flake, or disintegrate.", "Dissolution can enlarge voids in soluble rock and contribute to ground instability.", "Oxidation of exposed sulfide minerals can generate acidic drainage and mobilize metals.", "Laboratory accelerated-weathering results may poorly predict field durability when exposure conditions and mechanisms differ." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of weathering this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Warm, wet environments commonly favor chemical alteration, although mineralogy, drainage, and exposure duration strongly influence outcomes.", "Cold regions can experience substantial frost weathering where moisture and suitable freezing conditions coincide.", "Coastal and arid environments often experience salt weathering where salts accumulate and undergo crystallization cycles." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of weathering this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "erosion", "difference": "Weathering breaks down or alters material in place; erosion involves its removal by agents such as flowing water, wind, or ice." }, { "name": "soil formation", "difference": "Weathering supplies and alters mineral material; soil formation also includes organic matter accumulation, biological activity, redistribution, and horizon development." }, { "name": "metamorphism", "difference": "Metamorphism transforms rock under changed temperature, pressure, or fluid conditions, generally within Earth's crust; weathering concerns alteration under near-surface environmental conditions." }, { "name": "mass wasting", "difference": "Mass wasting is downslope movement driven by gravity; weathering can prepare or weaken the material without moving it downslope." }, { "name": "weathering hypothesis", "difference": "The public-health sense concerns cumulative physiological effects of chronic social adversity; this description covers geological weathering." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of weathering this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does vr.tr.weathering specifically denote geological weathering, given the missing definition and its ACT / ACT.ACT classification?", "Does an existing Vercy world model already own this geological concept, requiring a registry link rather than a separate publication?", "Which disciplinary definitions should govern the boundary with hydrothermal alteration, soil formation and weathering of manufactured mineral materials?", "Which weathering grades and rate measurements are valid for each material and setting, and which comparisons would be misleading?", "What evidence standards should distinguish biological causation, coupled mechanisms and inherited alteration when direct observations are unavailable?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 16, "questions": 26 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a weathering, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise weathering, assess how it is altering exposed rock or mineral material, and judge appropriate investigation or intervention.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: rock weathering, tafoni, space weathering, Brunification, silicate weathering, chemical weathering, physical weathering, honeycomb weathering, spheroidal weathering, biological weathering, haloclasty, wedging.", "12 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 68 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a weathering, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "rock weathering", "tafoni", "space weathering", "Brunification", "silicate weathering", "chemical weathering", "physical weathering", "honeycomb weathering", "spheroidal weathering", "biological weathering", "haloclasty", "wedging" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 68 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 12 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one weathering from another, and a weathering from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a weathering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a weathering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a weathering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a weathering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a weathering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a weathering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a weathering sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a weathering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a weathering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a weathering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a weathering from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a weathering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a weathering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a weathering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a weathering passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a weathering between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a weathering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a weathering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a weathering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a weathering, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a weathering is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a weathering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a weathering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a weathering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a weathering proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a weathering, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a weathering and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a weathering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a weathering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a weathering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a weathering consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a weathering takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a weathering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a weathering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a weathering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What weathering is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of weathering are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is weathering operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of weathering and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of weathering?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as weathering?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a weathering came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a weathering and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a weathering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a weathering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a weathering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a weathering is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a weathering, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a weathering, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a weathering is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }