{ "model": { "rank": 4556, "code": "thing-q179274", "model_id": "vr.tr.fatwa", "name": "fatwa", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a fatwa, assess its attribution and contextual applicability, and determine how it may responsibly be represented or used.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.MED", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q179274/", "tier": 2, "score": 74, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "tobacco fatwa", "Fatwas of Osama bin Laden", "Sunni fatwas on Shias", "Fatawa Faridia" ], "aliasCount": 4, "merged": 4, "knownIn": 74, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q179274", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179274", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:30:05Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 18.9, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087dc-157c-7ee0-b024-d1ae00391118\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: fatwa\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: INF.MED\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 registere", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 63.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087dc-1574-7d71-af0f-e09d97158371\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: fatwa\nRegistry id: vr.tr.fatwa\nPlane / domain: INF / INF.MED\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext for " } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q179274", "registryId": "vr.tr.fatwa", "name": "fatwa", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.MED" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q179274/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.fatwa", "name": "fatwa", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a fatwa, assess its attribution and contextual applicability, and determine how it may responsibly be represented or used.", "definition": "A fatwa is an opinion on a question of Islamic law issued by a qualified mufti or other recognized fatwa authority, generally advisory rather than a binding judicial judgment.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the fatwa as an attributed Islamic religious-legal opinion addressing a question or situation, including its reasoning, conditions, versions and reception, while distinguishing the opinion from its issuing authority, publication carrier and any separate act of enforcement.", "in_scope": [ "The question addressed, relevant circumstances and assumptions", "The answer, religious-legal classifications, reasoning and cited authorities", "Attribution to an individual mufti, collective body or issuing institution", "Conditions of applicability, intended audience and claimed authority", "Authenticity, revisions, translations and relationships to other fatwas", "Documented reception and any institutional recognition or incorporation" ], "out_of_scope": [ "The complete biography, qualifications or organisational structure of the issuing authority", "Islamic jurisprudence and its schools as comprehensive systems of knowledge", "Court judgments, legislation and enforcement actions as independently operative acts", "The publishing platform, printed volume, recording or individual physical copy", "The underlying transaction, conduct or dispute being assessed", "An agent independently issuing religious rulings or certifying religious legitimacy" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "It presents an attributed religious-legal answer to an explicit or reconstructable question, rather than merely discussing a religious topic.", "Its identity as a fatwa depends on its presentation and attribution as an opinion given in an advisory religious-legal capacity; quotation of scripture alone is insufficient.", "It must be distinguished from a court judgment or statute; any binding effect requires separate evidence about the relevant institutional arrangement.", "Its conclusion must be read with its stated circumstances and qualifications; matching a topic does not establish applicability.", "The term does not itself imply a death sentence, a criminal sanction or authorisation for private enforcement." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Question and case context", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Links to the submitted question, reconstructed issue, relevant facts and explicitly unknown facts", "why_it_matters": "The answer may depend on details omitted from a headline, excerpt or later retelling." }, { "name": "Issuing configuration", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Individual issuer; collective deliberative body; institutional issue; disputed or unknown attribution", "why_it_matters": "Authorship, endorsement and publication by an institution are different relationships." }, { "name": "Attribution confidence", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Supported by identified evidence; unresolved; disputed; disavowed", "why_it_matters": "An agent must separate circulation of a claimed fatwa from evidence that its attributed issuer actually issued it." }, { "name": "Jurisprudential orientation", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Explicitly identified tradition, school, methodology or authorities; mixed; unstated", "why_it_matters": "Interpretation should follow evidenced commitments rather than assumptions based on language or location." }, { "name": "Operative answer", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Source wording with optional mapped classifications such as obligatory, recommended, permissible, disliked or prohibited; other; conditional; unresolved", "why_it_matters": "The conclusion may concern validity, duties or other distinctions that a simple permitted/prohibited label would erase." }, { "name": "Applicability conditions", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Express conditions concerning persons, conduct, circumstances, place, time or necessity", "why_it_matters": "These conditions determine whether the opinion addresses a proposed use case." }, { "name": "Institutional effect", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Documented advisory use, institutional adoption or other recognised effect, with jurisdiction, instrument and effective dates; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Religious authority and enforceable institutional effect must be assessed separately." }, { "name": "Revision status", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "No later change identified; clarified; corrected; revised; withdrawn; superseded; disputed; unknown", "why_it_matters": "A historical answer may remain accessible after its issuer changes or qualifies it." }, { "name": "Expression and carrier relationships", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Original wording, authorised edition, translation, transcript, excerpt, commentary and hosted or printed copy", "why_it_matters": "Different representations may preserve, alter or omit legally and religiously significant wording." } ], "affordances": [ "Retrieve the answer together with its question, conditions and source evidence.", "Trace attribution to an issuer and distinguish issuance from hosting, quotation or endorsement.", "Compare a proposed case with the fatwa's explicit assumptions and flag missing facts.", "Compare related opinions without inventing consensus or selecting a universally authoritative answer.", "Produce an attributed summary that preserves qualifications and distinguishes translation from original wording.", "Identify revisions, disputed attribution or separate institutional instruments before supporting further use." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "question-and-case", "name": "Question and case", "description": "The issue to which the fatwa responds and the circumstances on which its answer depends.", "rationale": "A fatwa's conclusion can be misrepresented when detached from the question or assumed facts.", "layers": [ { "id": "question-reconstruction", "name": "Question reconstruction", "description": "Establish the submitted or implied question without inventing missing context.", "findings": [ { "id": "addressed-issue", "name": "Addressed issue", "description": "Record the question's wording and distinguish a documented request from a topic reconstructed from the answer.", "questions": [ { "text": "What question does this fatwa answer, and is its wording preserved?", "kind": "definition", "id": "addressed-issue-q01" }, { "text": "Does the available question come from the issuer's record, the questioner or a later editor?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "addressed-issue-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "case-assumptions", "name": "Case assumptions", "description": "Identify the facts accepted or stipulated for purposes of the answer.", "findings": [ { "id": "material-circumstances", "name": "Material circumstances", "description": "Separate reported facts, hypothetical facts and the issuer's explicit assumptions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which facts about the persons, conduct, transaction or circumstances does the answer expressly rely on?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "material-circumstances-q01" }, { "text": "Which missing or changed facts would require clarification before relating this answer to another case?", "kind": "action", "id": "material-circumstances-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "issuance-and-authority", "name": "Issuance and authority", "description": "Who issued the fatwa, in what capacity, and with what evidenced attribution.", "rationale": "A circulating text, an institutional webpage and an authenticated act of issuance are not interchangeable evidence.", "layers": [ { "id": "issuer-capacity", "name": "Issuer capacity", "description": "Identify responsibility for the opinion and the capacity in which it was given.", "findings": [ { "id": "responsible-issuer", "name": "Responsible issuer", "description": "Distinguish individual authorship, collective adoption, institutional endorsement and publication.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who is identified as issuing the opinion, and what evidence establishes that attribution?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "responsible-issuer-q01" }, { "text": "Was it issued personally, on behalf of an institution or through collective deliberation?", "kind": "definition", "id": "responsible-issuer-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "issuance-evidence", "name": "Issuance evidence", "description": "Assess records supporting authenticity and the boundaries of endorsement.", "findings": [ { "id": "authenticated-record", "name": "Authenticated record", "description": "Capture identifiers, dates, signatures, recordings or institutional records that support the claimed issuance.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which accessible record supports the date, wording and identity of this fatwa?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "authenticated-record-q01" }, { "text": "Has the attributed issuer confirmed, disputed or disavowed this wording or attribution?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "authenticated-record-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "answer-and-reasoning", "name": "Answer and reasoning", "description": "The opinion's conclusion and the reasoning presented in support of it.", "rationale": "An agent must preserve the actual answer and its evidential basis without supplying an argument the issuer did not make.", "layers": [ { "id": "operative-conclusion", "name": "Operative conclusion", "description": "Represent the answer's classifications, qualifications and dependencies.", "findings": [ { "id": "qualified-answer", "name": "Qualified answer", "description": "Keep the source's operative language alongside any normalised summary.", "questions": [ { "text": "What does the answer classify, permit, prohibit, require or leave unresolved in its own terms?", "kind": "definition", "id": "qualified-answer-q01" }, { "text": "Which exceptions or conditional branches would be lost in a single categorical label?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "qualified-answer-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "jurisprudential-basis", "name": "Jurisprudential basis", "description": "Record cited evidence and expressly stated interpretive commitments.", "findings": [ { "id": "stated-support", "name": "Stated support", "description": "Distinguish the issuer's citations and reasoning from explanations supplied by later commentators.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which scriptural passages, reports, earlier opinions or other authorities does the fatwa actually cite?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "stated-support-q01" }, { "text": "What school or interpretive method is expressly identified, and what remains unstated?", "kind": "definition", "id": "stated-support-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "applicability-and-reception", "name": "Applicability and reception", "description": "The intended reach of the opinion and its documented treatment by audiences and institutions.", "rationale": "Relevance to a case, acceptance by an audience and institutional effect require different evidence.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-reach", "name": "Intended reach", "description": "Determine who and what the answer addresses.", "findings": [ { "id": "application-boundaries", "name": "Application boundaries", "description": "Preserve explicit limits without inferring universal reach from public availability.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the answer address a particular questioner, a defined group or a general class of situations?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "application-boundaries-q01" }, { "text": "What stated geographic, temporal or circumstantial limits must accompany any reuse?", "kind": "action", "id": "application-boundaries-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "documented-effect", "name": "Documented effect", "description": "Separate religious reception from adoption or enforcement through another authority.", "findings": [ { "id": "recognition-and-incorporation", "name": "Recognition and incorporation", "description": "Link evidence of acceptance, contestation or institutional effect to the actors and instruments concerned.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which identified communities, scholars or institutions have accepted, contested or relied on this opinion?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "recognition-and-incorporation-q01" }, { "text": "If institutional force is claimed, what separate rule, decision or instrument establishes its scope and duration?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "recognition-and-incorporation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "textual-identity-and-change", "name": "Textual identity and change", "description": "The relationship between the fatwa, its representations and later changes to the opinion.", "rationale": "Translations, excerpts and revised answers can circulate together while conveying materially different guidance.", "layers": [ { "id": "expressions-and-copies", "name": "Expressions and copies", "description": "Distinguish the opinion from its linguistic expressions, editions and carriers.", "findings": [ { "id": "representation-fidelity", "name": "Representation fidelity", "description": "Identify original wording, translations, transcripts and excerpts, including evidence of authorisation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is this record an original answer, translation, transcript, excerpt or commentary, and what source does it derive from?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "representation-fidelity-q01" }, { "text": "Does this representation omit or alter the question, qualifications, reasoning or operative conclusion?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "representation-fidelity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "revision-and-related-opinions", "name": "Revision and related opinions", "description": "Track changes by the issuer separately from disagreement by other authorities.", "findings": [ { "id": "opinion-lineage", "name": "Opinion lineage", "description": "Connect clarifications, corrections, withdrawals and competing opinions without treating every later answer as supersession.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence establishes that a later statement clarifies, revises, withdraws or supersedes this fatwa?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "opinion-lineage-q01" }, { "text": "When presenting this fatwa now, which later statements or attribution disputes must accompany it?", "kind": "action", "id": "opinion-lineage-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This describes the Islamic juristic sense, with the opinion distinguished from its written document or recording.", "Recall only: no sources were consulted; jurisdiction-specific legal effects and issuing-authority requirements need verification.", "No universal identifier or cross-tradition issuance standard is asserted." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of fatwa this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Individual fatwa issued by a mufti", "Collective fatwa issued by a scholarly council", "Institutional fatwa issued by an official fatwa body", "Oral fatwa", "Written fatwa" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of fatwa this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Answering questions about worship and religious observance", "Advising on marriage, inheritance and other personal matters", "Assessing the religious permissibility of financial products and transactions", "Addressing medical ethics and new technologies", "Preserving legal reasoning in collections consulted by scholars and practitioners" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of fatwa this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Treating an advisory opinion as a universally binding rule", "Applying an answer beyond the facts, circumstances or audience it addresses", "Misattributing a fatwa or circulating an altered, incomplete or mistranslated text", "Overlooking differences among legal schools and issuing authorities", "Equating fatwa with a death sentence, although the term covers opinions on a broad range of subjects" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of fatwa this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Issuance may be organized through state-appointed muftis, official councils, independent scholars or religious institutions.", "Authority and reception vary across Sunni legal schools and Shi'i traditions; in Twelver Shi'i practice, a follower's relationship to a marja' is particularly significant.", "Legal effect varies by jurisdiction and institutional setting, so the general description of fatwas as advisory requires qualification." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of fatwa this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Judicial judgment", "difference": "A judgment resolves a case through judicial authority; a fatwa supplies a legal opinion without necessarily adjudicating a dispute." }, { "name": "Fiqh", "difference": "Fiqh is the broader discipline and body of Islamic jurisprudence; a fatwa is a particular opinion produced through juristic interpretation." }, { "name": "Istifta", "difference": "Istifta is the request for a fatwa; the fatwa is the response." }, { "name": "Mufti", "difference": "A mufti is the person qualified to issue an opinion; the fatwa is the opinion issued." }, { "name": "Fatwa collection", "difference": "A collection assembles multiple opinions; an individual fatwa remains distinct from its compilation, edition or physical carrier." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of fatwa this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which existing Vercy world model, if any, already owns the fatwa concept or its broader religious-legal opinion category?", "Which tradition-specific criteria should support recognition of an issuer's fatwa-giving capacity without treating one tradition's standards as universal?", "How should an oral answer later transcribed or edited be identified when the issuer has not authenticated the resulting text?", "What evidence and terminology are needed to represent institutional effects across jurisdictions without assigning fatwas a universal binding status?", "Where should identity boundaries fall between a revised fatwa, a new answer to changed facts and a collected publication containing several independent opinions?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 16, "questions": 26 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "work, medium or creative form", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a fatwa, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise a fatwa, assess its attribution and contextual applicability, and determine how it may responsibly be represented or used.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted", "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: tobacco fatwa, Fatwas of Osama bin Laden, Sunni fatwas on Shias, Fatawa Faridia.", "4 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 74 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a fatwa, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says", "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "What is seen is a copy or a performance, not the work. Recognising the work means recognising the content through whatever is carrying it." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "tobacco fatwa", "Fatwas of Osama bin Laden", "Sunni fatwas on Shias", "Fatawa Faridia" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 74 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 4 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one fatwa from another, and a fatwa from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a fatwa, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a fatwa, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a fatwa is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a fatwa, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a fatwa, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a fatwa is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a fatwa sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a fatwa, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a fatwa, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a fatwa is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a fatwa from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a fatwa, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a fatwa, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a fatwa is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a fatwa passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a fatwa between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a fatwa, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a fatwa, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a fatwa is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a fatwa, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a fatwa is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a fatwa, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a fatwa, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a fatwa is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a fatwa says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a fatwa contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a fatwa, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a fatwa, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a fatwa is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a fatwa and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a fatwa, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a fatwa, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a fatwa is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "work-and-manifestation", "name": "Work, version and copy", "description": "Which level of fatwa a statement is about.", "rationale": "The work, the edition, the file and the copy in hand are four things; rights and content attach to different ones.", "layers": [ { "id": "levels", "name": "Levels of the thing", "description": "Work, expression, manifestation and item, in plain terms.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs at each level", "description": "Which facts hold for the work and which only for one copy.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "For fatwa, which facts belong to the work itself, which to a version, and which to a single copy?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifier exists at each level, and which one is being cited?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "versions", "name": "Versions, editions and variants", "description": "How versions differ and which is canonical to whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "version-record", "name": "Versions and canonicity", "description": "Differences that matter and who calls one authoritative.", "questions": [ { "id": "version-record-q01", "text": "Which versions or editions of fatwa exist, and how do they differ substantively?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "version-record-q02", "text": "Who treats which version as authoritative, and for what purpose?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "authorship-and-rights", "name": "Authorship, rights and permitted use", "description": "Who made fatwa and what may be done with it.", "rationale": "Rights are jurisdictional, time-limited and attached to a level, and an agent that ignores that will copy what it may not.", "layers": [ { "id": "authorship", "name": "Authorship and contribution", "description": "Who contributed what, and in what capacity.", "findings": [ { "id": "contribution-record", "name": "Contributors and roles", "description": "The people and bodies behind it, with their roles.", "questions": [ { "id": "contribution-record-q01", "text": "Who authored or contributed to fatwa, in what roles, and how is that attested?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "contribution-record-q02", "text": "Where authorship is disputed or anonymous, what is recorded instead?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "rights", "name": "Rights and permissions", "description": "Which rights subsist, where, until when, and what they permit.", "findings": [ { "id": "rights-record", "name": "Rights, term and permitted acts", "description": "The regime in force and what it allows.", "questions": [ { "id": "rights-record-q01", "text": "What rights subsist in fatwa, in which jurisdictions, and until when?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "rights-record-q02", "text": "Which acts are permitted without further permission, and which must an agent refuse?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a fatwa came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a fatwa and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a fatwa, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a fatwa, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a fatwa is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a fatwa is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a fatwa, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a fatwa, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a fatwa is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }