{ "model": { "rank": 4664, "code": "thing-q180289", "model_id": "vr.tr.espresso", "name": "espresso", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a serving of espresso, assess its preparation and present condition, and decide whether to serve it, use it as an ingredient, or prepare a replacement.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q180289/", "tier": 2, "score": 73, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "freddo espresso", "single espresso" ], "aliasCount": 2, "merged": 2, "knownIn": 73, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q180289", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180289", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:44:30Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 21.6, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087e9-4996-7230-af7b-8f033ac1d6fb\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: espresso\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.MAT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 regist", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 62.7, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087e9-49a4-7eb2-a9e6-1acd40f264ef\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: espresso\nRegistry id: vr.tr.espresso\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContex" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q180289", "registryId": "vr.tr.espresso", "name": "espresso", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q180289/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.espresso", "name": "espresso", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a serving of espresso, assess its preparation and present condition, and decide whether to serve it, use it as an ingredient, or prepare a replacement.", "definition": "Espresso is a concentrated coffee beverage produced by forcing hot water under pressure through a compact bed of finely ground roasted coffee, yielding an aqueous extract containing dissolved substances, dispersed oils and suspended particles, usually topped by a foam called crema.", "scope_statement": "This model owns espresso as a prepared coffee beverage in PHY / PHY.MAT, including its relationship to pressure-driven extraction, recipe, physical composition, sensory condition and intended use; it treats espresso as a variable food mixture rather than a pure chemical substance.", "in_scope": [ "Identity of an espresso serving and boundaries against neighbouring coffee beverages", "Coffee inputs and extraction conditions associated with the serving", "Beverage mass, concentration and physical structure", "Sensory condition and changes between extraction and consumption", "Suitability for direct service or use as a coffee ingredient" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Espresso machine and grinder design, maintenance and operating safety", "Coffee cultivation, green-bean processing and roasting operations", "Complete models of individual chemical constituents such as caffeine", "Recipes and finished states of milk drinks, cocktails and desserts containing espresso", "Café staffing, pricing and service operations" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Check whether the beverage originates from water driven under pressure through a compact bed of ground coffee, rather than identifying it by darkness or serving size alone.", "Distinguish espresso from moka-pot, filter and immersion coffee using preparation provenance; similar appearance or concentration does not establish identity.", "Distinguish the extracted espresso from a subsequently diluted or milk-containing drink, preserving the espresso as an ingredient relationship.", "Treat ristretto, standard and lungo labels as recipe claims requiring recorded dose and beverage yield, rather than universally fixed serving sizes.", "Use crema as supporting physical evidence whose absence or abundance does not by itself determine espresso identity or quality." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Preparation identity", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "documented espresso extraction | claimed espresso | uncertain", "why_it_matters": "Separates verified preparation provenance from a name inferred from appearance or a menu." }, { "name": "Coffee input", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "coffee lot or blend, roast record, roast date and declared decaffeination status", "why_it_matters": "Connects flavour expectations and recipe interpretation to the actual coffee used." }, { "name": "Dry coffee dose", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "g of ground coffee loaded into the basket", "why_it_matters": "Provides the input basis for interpreting beverage yield and concentration." }, { "name": "Beverage yield", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "g collected, with collection endpoint and any splitting between cups recorded", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes total extraction output from the amount in one serving." }, { "name": "Beverage-to-dose ratio", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "g beverage per g dry coffee", "why_it_matters": "Makes recipe comparisons explicit without relying on ambiguous shot labels." }, { "name": "Extraction duration", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "s, with timing origin and preinfusion inclusion specified", "why_it_matters": "Supports comparison only when timing conventions are known." }, { "name": "Extraction temperature", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "°C, with sensor location and setpoint versus measured value distinguished", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a machine setting from being mistaken for the water temperature experienced by the coffee." }, { "name": "Pressure profile", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "bar over time, with measurement location specified", "why_it_matters": "Records extraction behaviour without assuming one pressure applies to every espresso recipe." }, { "name": "Dissolved-solids concentration", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "% by mass, with instrument and sample preparation recorded", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of strength while exposing uncertainty from sampling and measurement." }, { "name": "Crema condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "absent | patchy | continuous | dissipating, with observation time", "why_it_matters": "Records a changing foam structure without treating it as a standalone quality score." }, { "name": "Sensory condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "recorded aroma, acidity, sweetness, bitterness, body, astringency and finish against a stated target", "why_it_matters": "Connects evaluation to the intended taste instead of imposing one universal flavour profile." }, { "name": "Service condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "beverage temperature in °C, elapsed time in s or min, additions and intended use", "why_it_matters": "Supports a decision about immediate service, ingredient use or replacement." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify whether a beverage has sufficient provenance to be recorded as espresso.", "Compare a serving with its intended recipe using dose, yield and extraction observations.", "Assess concentration and sensory condition while keeping measurement limits visible.", "Recommend a controlled recipe adjustment for the next extraction.", "Decide whether to serve the espresso, incorporate it into another preparation, or prepare a replacement." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "espresso-identity", "name": "Espresso identity", "description": "Establishes the beverage's preparation identity and the limits of the registry entry.", "rationale": "Small, dark or concentrated coffee is not sufficient evidence that a serving is espresso.", "layers": [ { "id": "preparation-basis", "name": "Preparation basis", "description": "Connects the beverage to the extraction that produced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "pressure-driven-coffee-extraction", "name": "Pressure-driven coffee extraction", "description": "Record evidence of water passing under pressure through a compact ground-coffee bed, including uncertainties about the method.", "questions": [ { "text": "What preparation evidence supports identifying this serving as espresso?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "pressure-driven-coffee-extraction-q01" }, { "text": "Which preparation features distinguish it from moka-pot, filter or immersion coffee?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "pressure-driven-coffee-extraction-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "serving-boundaries", "name": "Serving boundaries", "description": "Separates the espresso serving from recipe variants and downstream drinks.", "findings": [ { "id": "variant-and-addition-boundaries", "name": "Variant and addition boundaries", "description": "Record shot labels, splitting and additions without creating unsupported registry distinctions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this record describe the whole extraction, one split serving, or pooled extractions?", "kind": "definition", "id": "variant-and-addition-boundaries-q01" }, { "text": "Have water, milk or other ingredients been added so that the finished item requires a neighbouring beverage model?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "variant-and-addition-boundaries-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "coffee-and-recipe", "name": "Coffee and recipe", "description": "Records the inputs and intended proportions that give an espresso serving its context.", "rationale": "The same extraction measurements can have different implications for different coffees and intended styles.", "layers": [ { "id": "coffee-input-context", "name": "Coffee input context", "description": "Links the serving to its coffee and preparation-relevant history.", "findings": [ { "id": "coffee-lot-and-condition", "name": "Coffee lot and condition", "description": "Record the coffee identity, roast information, storage context and decaffeination declaration where available.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which coffee lot or blend produced this espresso, and what roast and decaffeination information is documented?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "coffee-lot-and-condition-q01" }, { "text": "What is known about elapsed time since roasting and grinding, and storage before extraction?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "coffee-lot-and-condition-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "recipe-proportions", "name": "Recipe proportions", "description": "Makes the intended relationship between ground coffee and collected beverage explicit.", "findings": [ { "id": "dose-yield-and-target", "name": "Dose, yield and target", "description": "Record intended and actual dose and yield, with an explicit beverage-to-dose ratio convention.", "questions": [ { "text": "What dry dose and beverage yield were targeted and measured, in grams?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "dose-yield-and-target-q01" }, { "text": "What taste or use was the recipe intended to achieve, and how is any ristretto or lungo label defined here?", "kind": "definition", "id": "dose-yield-and-target-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "extraction-evidence", "name": "Extraction evidence", "description": "Connects the serving to observed extraction conditions and possible preparation deviations.", "rationale": "An agent needs extraction evidence to interpret an unsatisfactory serving and choose a useful next adjustment.", "layers": [ { "id": "water-and-extraction-profile", "name": "Water and extraction profile", "description": "Records water context and the temperature, pressure and timing associated with extraction.", "findings": [ { "id": "recorded-extraction-conditions", "name": "Recorded extraction conditions", "description": "Separate measured conditions from settings and retain their locations and timing conventions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What temperature, pressure and duration were measured, where were they measured, and does duration include preinfusion?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "recorded-extraction-conditions-q01" }, { "text": "What water source, treatment or measured water composition is associated with this extraction?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "recorded-extraction-conditions-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "flow-and-preparation-deviations", "name": "Flow and preparation deviations", "description": "Records observations that may explain departure from the intended extraction.", "findings": [ { "id": "flow-observation-and-next-adjustment", "name": "Flow observation and next adjustment", "description": "Keep visible flow observations distinct from inferred causes such as uneven water passage through the coffee bed.", "questions": [ { "text": "Were delayed flow, uneven streams, spurting or an unexpected yield trajectory observed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "flow-observation-and-next-adjustment-q01" }, { "text": "Which single change to grind, dose, puck preparation or extraction profile should be tried next, and what evidence would support it?", "kind": "action", "id": "flow-observation-and-next-adjustment-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "beverage-composition-and-structure", "name": "Beverage composition and structure", "description": "Describes espresso as a changing mixture with measurable concentration and observable physical structure.", "rationale": "Pure-substance identifiers and fixed material constants do not adequately describe a prepared espresso.", "layers": [ { "id": "concentration-and-extraction-estimates", "name": "Concentration and extraction estimates", "description": "Records beverage strength and any calculated extraction estimate with their measurement assumptions.", "findings": [ { "id": "solids-measurement-basis", "name": "Solids measurement basis", "description": "Preserve sampling, instrument and calculation details so concentration is not confused with the fraction extracted from the coffee.", "questions": [ { "text": "What dissolved-solids concentration was measured, using which instrument and sample preparation?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "solids-measurement-basis-q01" }, { "text": "If extraction yield is estimated, which dose, beverage mass, concentration and calculation assumptions support it?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "solids-measurement-basis-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "crema-and-liquid-condition", "name": "Crema and liquid condition", "description": "Captures the foam and liquid state at a specified time after extraction.", "findings": [ { "id": "time-stamped-physical-observation", "name": "Time-stamped physical observation", "description": "Record crema coverage, visible sediment and mixing state without using appearance as a complete quality verdict.", "questions": [ { "text": "What crema coverage, persistence and visible sediment were observed, and how long after extraction?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "time-stamped-physical-observation-q01" }, { "text": "Was the beverage stirred or otherwise mixed before sampling or tasting?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "time-stamped-physical-observation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "sensory-condition-and-use", "name": "Sensory condition and use", "description": "Supports evaluation and service decisions for the espresso in its current state.", "rationale": "Recipe conformity alone cannot establish whether a serving meets its intended sensory and practical purpose.", "layers": [ { "id": "sensory-assessment", "name": "Sensory assessment", "description": "Relates tasting observations to the coffee, target profile and assessment conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "taste-against-intent", "name": "Taste against intent", "description": "Record specific sensory observations and their assessment context without assigning an extraction fault from one descriptor alone.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do aroma, acidity, sweetness, bitterness, body, astringency and finish compare with the intended profile?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "taste-against-intent-q01" }, { "text": "At what beverage temperature and elapsed time was the assessment made, and by whom or by what method?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "taste-against-intent-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "service-and-ingredient-use", "name": "Service and ingredient use", "description": "Determines the appropriate next action for the actual serving.", "findings": [ { "id": "current-serving-decision", "name": "Current serving decision", "description": "Use temperature, elapsed time, sensory acceptance and intended use to decide the serving's disposition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the current beverage temperature, time since extraction and intended consumption or ingredient use?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "current-serving-decision-q01" }, { "text": "Does the serving meet the stated acceptance criteria, or should it be replaced before its intended use?", "kind": "action", "id": "current-serving-decision-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This entry covers the prepared beverage, a variable mixture rather than a pure chemical substance; no single CAS number or fixed composition is assigned here.", "Measurement ranges are recalled conventional recipe windows, not mandatory limits; equipment, pressure profiles and recipes can fall outside them.", "Extraction timing conventions vary, particularly in whether preinfusion is counted; caffeine content and crema appearance do not reliably establish serving strength or quality." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of espresso this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Single espresso", "Double espresso (doppio)", "Ristretto", "Lungo", "Decaffeinated espresso" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of espresso this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Consumed as a small standalone coffee serving.", "Used as the coffee base for cappuccino, latte and other milk drinks.", "Diluted with hot water to make an americano.", "Used in desserts such as affogato." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of espresso this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Brew water temperature", "typical_range": "90-96", "unit": "°C" }, { "quantity": "Brewing pressure during conventional pump extraction", "typical_range": "8-10", "unit": "bar gauge" }, { "quantity": "Dry ground coffee dose for a modern double espresso", "typical_range": "14-22", "unit": "g" }, { "quantity": "Beverage mass divided by dry coffee dose for a conventional espresso", "typical_range": "1.5-2.5", "unit": "g/g" }, { "quantity": "Extraction time for a conventional recipe", "typical_range": "25-35", "unit": "s" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of espresso this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Channeling through the coffee bed causes uneven extraction and inconsistent flavour.", "Unsuitable grind size, dose or preparation can choke flow or allow excessively rapid flow.", "Poor extraction balance can produce excessively sour, bitter or astringent flavours.", "Dirty equipment and accumulated coffee oils can introduce stale or rancid flavours.", "The hot beverage can cause scalding; caffeine content varies and can produce unwanted stimulant effects." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of espresso this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Traditional Italian service commonly uses smaller single servings; many specialty coffee shops use double-basket recipes as their default.", "Roast style, coffee species blend, beverage yield and preferred flavour vary across regions and establishments.", "The serving size implied by a single or double espresso is not globally uniform." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of espresso this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Coffee", "difference": "Coffee is the broader beverage category; espresso specifies a particular pressure-driven extraction method and its beverage." }, { "name": "Espresso machine", "difference": "The machine is the brewing equipment; espresso here denotes the resulting beverage." }, { "name": "Moka coffee", "difference": "A moka pot uses steam-generated pressure at substantially lower pressure than conventional espresso brewing." }, { "name": "Filter coffee", "difference": "Conventional filter coffee uses gravity or modest applied pressure and generally produces a less concentrated beverage." }, { "name": "Americano", "difference": "An americano is espresso diluted with separately added hot water." }, { "name": "Espresso roast", "difference": "Espresso roast describes roasted beans intended for espresso preparation; espresso can be brewed from multiple roast levels." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of espresso this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which researched definition or standard should anchor espresso identity, and how should the model accommodate modern pressure and recipe variations?", "Does an existing Vercy coffee or beverage world model already own this concept or provide shared properties that this entry should reference?", "Which sampling and measurement methods are sufficiently reliable for espresso concentration and extraction-yield estimates?", "Which sensory and elapsed-time acceptance criteria should apply to direct service versus ingredient use, and whose criteria govern them?", "When caffeine quantity is needed for a decision, what serving-specific evidence can support it without inferring it from shot size or a decaffeinated label alone?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 17, "questions": 27 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a espresso, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a serving of espresso, assess its preparation and present condition, and decide whether to serve it, use it as an ingredient, or prepare a replacement.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: freddo espresso, single espresso.", "2 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 73 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a espresso, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "freddo espresso", "single espresso" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 73 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 2 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one espresso from another, and a espresso from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a espresso, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a espresso, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a espresso is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a espresso, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a espresso, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a espresso is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a espresso sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a espresso, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a espresso, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a espresso is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a espresso from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a espresso, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a espresso, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a espresso is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a espresso is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a espresso, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a espresso, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a espresso is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a espresso is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a espresso, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a espresso, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a espresso is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a espresso is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a espresso, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a espresso, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a espresso is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a espresso is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a espresso is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a espresso, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a espresso, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a espresso is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a espresso is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a espresso, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a espresso, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a espresso is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a espresso passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a espresso between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a espresso, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a espresso, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a espresso is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a espresso, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a espresso is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a espresso, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a espresso, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a espresso is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a espresso and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a espresso is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a espresso performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a espresso, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a espresso, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a espresso is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a espresso.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a espresso at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a espresso, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a espresso, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a espresso is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a espresso there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a espresso, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a espresso, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a espresso is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What espresso is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name espresso unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of espresso exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How espresso behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of espresso, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is espresso incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How espresso can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is espresso classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover espresso, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a espresso came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a espresso and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a espresso, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a espresso, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a espresso is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a espresso is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a espresso, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a espresso, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a espresso is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }