{ "model": { "rank": 17311, "code": "thing-q1811189", "model_id": "vr.tr.obstructed-labor", "name": "obstructed labor", "purpose": "Let an agent explain obstructed labour in general terms, relay causes, consequences and prevention from WHO and obstetric sources, route labour problems to emergency obstetric care, describe the named causes and flag the veterinary alias, and distinguish obstructed labour from prolonged labour, preterm labour, shoulder dystocia as a specific emergency and cattle dystocia, without giving individual obstetric advice.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.STA", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q1811189/", "tier": 2, "score": 31, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "cervical dystocia", "malpresentation of fetus", "Locked twins", "occiput posterior position", "breech presentation", "Cattle dystocia", "face presentation", "transverse presentation", "brow presentation", "shoulder dystocia", "Shoulder presentation", "compound presentation" ], "aliasCount": 12, "merged": 12, "knownIn": 31, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q1811189", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1811189", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T22:29:46Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 4, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q1811189", "registryId": "vr.tr.obstructed-labor", "name": "obstructed labor", "version": "0.2.0-wave.4", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.STA" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1811189/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.obstructed-labor", "name": "obstructed labor", "purpose": "Let an agent explain obstructed labour in general terms, relay causes, consequences and prevention from WHO and obstetric sources, route labour problems to emergency obstetric care, describe the named causes and flag the veterinary alias, and distinguish obstructed labour from prolonged labour, preterm labour, shoulder dystocia as a specific emergency and cattle dystocia, without giving individual obstetric advice.", "definition": "A labour complication in which the baby cannot pass through the birth canal despite strong contractions, because of a mismatch between the fetus and pelvis, malpresentation such as breech, shoulder or brow presentation, occiput posterior position, cervical dystocia where the cervix fails to dilate, or rare events such as locked twins; untreated it can cause uterine rupture, fetal death, maternal death and obstetric fistula, and it is a major cause of maternal morbidity where emergency obstetric care is not available, with caesarean section, assisted delivery and skilled birth attendance as key responses. The registry alias cattle dystocia names difficult calving in cattle, a veterinary topic. Any labour that is not progressing, heavy bleeding or loss of fetal movement needs emergency obstetric care immediately.", "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; an obstetric emergency.", "affordances": [ "explain causes in general terms", "relay consequences and prevention", "describe named causes", "route labour emergencies" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Mechanical obstruction", "Life-threatening", "Preventable with emergency care", "Fistula risk" ], "appearance": "Not a visible object; recognised clinically by lack of labour progress.", "visual_identification": [ "Labour blocked despite contractions", "Cervical dystocia, malpresentation of fetus, locked twins, occiput posterior position, breech presentation, cattle dystocia", "Prolonged labour is slow but may progress; preterm labour is early; shoulder dystocia occurs after the head is born; cattle dystocia is veterinary" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "obstetric fistula burden", "typical_range": "hundreds of thousands of women", "unit": "note", "note": "WHO and UNFPA estimates, check current" }, { "quantity": "International Day to End Obstetric Fistula", "typical_range": "23 May", "unit": "date", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "key response", "typical_range": "caesarean section", "unit": "note", "note": "" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "cephalopelvic disproportion", "malpresentation and malposition", "cervical dystocia", "twin complications", "veterinary dystocia as a related topic" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "obstetric labor complication", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "can cause", "target": "obstetric fistula", "why": "" }, { "relation": "is treated by", "target": "caesarean section", "why": "" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "shoulder dystocia", "why": "" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "WHO intrapartum care recommendations", "Emergency obstetric care standards", "Midwifery regulation" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Delaying emergency care", "Giving individual obstetric advice", "Misfiled veterinary alias" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What obstructed labour is.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is labour not progressing, is there heavy bleeding, severe pain or reduced baby movement, in which case get emergency obstetric care now?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "What is obstructed labour, and how does it differ from prolonged labour, preterm labour, shoulder dystocia and cattle dystocia?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "causes", "name": "Causes", "description": "Named causes.", "findings": [ { "id": "causes-finding", "name": "Causes", "description": "Causes.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are cervical dystocia, malpresentation, breech, occiput posterior position and locked twins?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific cause?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "clinical", "name": "Clinical", "description": "Clinical care.", "rationale": "Regulation.", "layers": [ { "id": "recognition", "name": "Recognition", "description": "Recognition.", "findings": [ { "id": "recognition-finding", "name": "Recognition", "description": "Recognition.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do partographs and labour monitoring help detect obstruction, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "response", "name": "Response", "description": "Emergency response.", "findings": [ { "id": "response-finding", "name": "Response", "description": "Response.", "questions": [ { "text": "What emergency obstetric care responses do guidelines describe?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "global", "name": "Global health", "description": "Global health.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "fistula", "name": "Fistula", "description": "Obstetric fistula.", "findings": [ { "id": "fistula-finding", "name": "Fistula", "description": "Fistula.", "questions": [ { "text": "How does obstructed labour cause obstetric fistula, and how is it repaired?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits obstetric fistula?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "access", "name": "Access", "description": "Access to care.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-finding", "name": "Access", "description": "Access.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do WHO and UNFPA report about access to emergency obstetric care?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the information current?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "Veterinary.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "cattle", "name": "Cattle", "description": "Calving difficulty.", "findings": [ { "id": "cattle-finding", "name": "Cattle", "description": "Cattle.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is dystocia in cattle, and when should farmers call a vet?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits calving?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "midwives", "name": "Midwives", "description": "Skilled attendance.", "findings": [ { "id": "midwives-finding", "name": "Midwives", "description": "Midwives.", "questions": [ { "text": "Why do skilled birth attendants reduce deaths from obstructed labour?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits midwifery?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "The registry alias cattle dystocia should be moved to veterinary entries", "How should WHO guidance be linked?", "Should obstetric fistula be linked as a separate entry?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a obstructed labor, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain obstructed labour in general terms, relay causes, consequences and prevention from WHO and obstetric sources, route labour problems to emergency obstetric care, describe the named causes and flag the veterinary alias, and distinguish obstructed labour from prolonged labour, preterm labour, shoulder dystocia as a specific emergency and cattle dystocia, without giving individual obstetric advice.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: cervical dystocia, malpresentation of fetus, Locked twins, occiput posterior position, breech presentation, Cattle dystocia, face presentation, transverse presentation, brow presentation, shoulder dystocia, Shoulder presentation, compound presentation.", "12 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 31 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a obstructed labor, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "cervical dystocia", "malpresentation of fetus", "Locked twins", "occiput posterior position", "breech presentation", "Cattle dystocia", "face presentation", "transverse presentation", "brow presentation", "shoulder dystocia", "Shoulder presentation", "compound presentation" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 31 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 12 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one obstructed labor from another, and a obstructed labor from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a obstructed labor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a obstructed labor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a obstructed labor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a obstructed labor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a obstructed labor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a obstructed labor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a obstructed labor sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a obstructed labor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a obstructed labor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a obstructed labor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a obstructed labor from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a obstructed labor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a obstructed labor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a obstructed labor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a obstructed labor passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a obstructed labor between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a obstructed labor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a obstructed labor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a obstructed labor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a obstructed labor, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a obstructed labor is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a obstructed labor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a obstructed labor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a obstructed labor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What obstructed labor is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of obstructed labor are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is obstructed labor operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of obstructed labor and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of obstructed labor?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as obstructed labor?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a obstructed labor came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a obstructed labor and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a obstructed labor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a obstructed labor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a obstructed labor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a obstructed labor is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a obstructed labor, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a obstructed labor, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a obstructed labor is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }