DL-glutamic acid
Enable an agent to identify DL-glutamic acid, assess a particular sample's composition and condition, and determine whether it meets the requirements of a proposed use.
Research draft, second pass
A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.
recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read
Researched by: Codex
Purpose and description
Enable an agent to identify DL-glutamic acid, assess a particular sample's composition and condition, and determine whether it meets the requirements of a proposed use.
DL-glutamic acid is the racemic mixture of the D- and L-enantiomers of glutamic acid, an α-amino dicarboxylic acid with molecular formula C5H9NO4.
It can be Verify substance identity and racemic composition using complementary chemical and chiral analyses.; Calculate glutamic-acid amount from sample mass after correcting for assay and hydration.; Prepare a solution to specified concentration and pH while recording neutralization and resulting ionic composition.; Compare a lot with requirements for a named analytical, chemical or biochemical use.; Select documented storage and handling conditions and trigger retesting after relevant excursions.; Flag proposed substitution for L-glutamic acid or a glutamate salt for application-specific review..
Distinguishing features
The intended composition is an equimolar mixture of D- and L-glutamic acid; acceptance requires a stated analytical tolerance. See [Sigma-Aldrich's racemate description](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/MS/en/product/sigma/g1126).
The anhydrous substance has formula C5H9NO4 and is associated with CAS 617-65-2; these identifiers support identity but do not establish a sample's enantiomer ratio. See [NIST's identity record](https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C617652&Mask=200).
Its amino-dicarboxylic-acid connectivity distinguishes it from glutamine and chemically modified glutamic-acid derivatives.
Counterion analysis and formulation records distinguish free-acid material from an isolated glutamate salt; solution pH alone does not establish the supplied substance's identity.
Hydration must be checked explicitly: a supplier information sheet identifies a DL-glutamic acid monohydrate with formula C5H9NO4·H2O. See [the monohydrate information sheet](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/product/documents/416/663/g1126pis.pdf).
Scope
+ Racemic identity and measured D/L composition
+ Free-acid identity, hydration and relationships to dissolved ionic forms
+ Sample purity, impurities, grade and analytical evidence
+ Physical properties under stated temperature, pH and solvent conditions
+ Storage condition, handling requirements and documented suitability for use
- Enantiopure D-glutamic acid and L-glutamic acid as independent substances
- Glutamate salts, including monosodium glutamate, as independent substances
- Glutamine, glutamic-acid derivatives and glutamate-containing polymers
- Products and formulations containing DL-glutamic acid
- Manufacturing processes and complete biochemical pathways
- Clinical effects or food-use authorization inferred from L-glutamic acid
Characteristics
- Substance identity
- DL-glutamic acid; free acid; identifier mappings qualified by hydration and stereochemical scope Prevents substitution of an enantiopure material, salt or hydrate under an ambiguous glutamic-acid label.
- D/L composition
- D and L mole fractions or mol%; method, uncertainty and acceptance tolerance Establishes whether the sample meets the defining racemic composition.
- Glutamic-acid assay
- Mass % or amount concentration; as-received, dry or anhydrous basis; analytical method Supports dosing and quality decisions without confusing chemical purity with enantiomeric composition.
- Water content and hydration
- Water mass %; mol H2O/mol glutamic acid; bound versus adventitious water where established Controls the conversion from weighed material to glutamic-acid amount.
- Impurity profile
- Impurity identity and mass %, mg/kg or method-specific detection limit Reveals contaminants or degradation products relevant to the intended use.
- Physical and solid-state form
- Solid or solution; observed appearance; identified crystalline form or unknown Supports recognition of changes that can affect dissolution and reproducibility.
- Solution condition
- pH, concentration in mol/L or g/L, temperature in °C, solvent and ionic composition Makes solubility and acid-base behavior interpretable.
- Thermal behavior
- Transition or decomposition temperature in °C with method, heating rate and atmosphere Prevents an unqualified thermal value from being treated as a usable processing limit.
- Lot evidence
- Supplier, lot, certificate of analysis, test record and applicable safety data sheet Connects sample decisions to evidence that actually applies to the material.
- Use disposition
- Unassessed, accepted for a named use, restricted, quarantined or rejected Makes suitability an explicit decision against requirements.
Also called
Where this came from
wikidata · CC0 1.0
Drafted structure
Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 6 bundles · 11 layers · 16 findings · 35 questions.
Racemic substance identity Establishes what DL-glutamic acid denotes and whether a sample matches it.
An unqualified glutamic-acid name or nonchiral assay does not establish racemic identity.
Chemical identity
Separates glutamic-acid connectivity from naming and identifier ambiguity.
Identity evidence
Record structural identity and identifiers with explicit free-acid and hydration scope.
- What evidence identifies the material as glutamic acid rather than glutamine, a derivative or a glutamate salt? definition
- Do the supplier label and authoritative identifier records refer to the same stereochemical and hydration form? provenance
Enantiomer composition
Makes the D/L ratio independently assessable.
Racemate verification
Record measured enantiomer fractions and the tolerance used to accept a nominal racemate.
- What D/L ratio was measured, by which chiral method and with what uncertainty? measurement
- What departure from equimolar composition is acceptable for the intended use? boundary
- If optical rotation is reported, what independent evidence excludes an incorrect substance or insufficient assay sensitivity? measurement
Sample composition and grade Connects chemical amount and sample quality to measured composition.
Hydration, chemical purity and stereochemical composition are separate requirements.
Assay and water
Defines the basis for converting a weighed sample into glutamic-acid amount.
Amount basis
Record assay basis, water content and evidence for any assigned hydrate.
- Is the assay reported as received, on a dry basis or on an anhydrous basis? measurement
- Does measured water represent a defined hydrate, adventitious moisture or an unresolved combination? measurement
- What assay and hydration corrections are required for the requested molar amount? action
Impurities and specification
Evaluates grade through explicit limits and analytical coverage.
Lot quality evidence
Connect impurity limits and grade claims to lot-specific measurements.
- Which related substances, residual reagents, solvents or inorganic contaminants are measured, and what are their limits? measurement
- Which certificate and test methods substantiate this lot's claimed grade? provenance
- Which application-critical impurities remain outside the analytical coverage? boundary
Solid and solution behavior Describes physical form and behavior under specified preparation conditions.
Solid-state evidence and solution conditions determine whether property values apply to a particular sample.
Solid and thermal state
Tracks solid form and distinguishes thermal events.
Qualified physical properties
Record observed form and measured thermal events without assuming equivalence to enantiopure material.
- What evidence establishes the sample's crystalline form and hydration state? measurement
- Does a reported thermal event represent melting, dehydration or decomposition, and under what test conditions? measurement
- Were the cited physical properties measured for DL-glutamic acid in the same form? provenance
Dissolution and speciation
Relates dissolution and acid-base state to solution conditions.
Solution preparation state
Record solvent, concentration, pH and added acid or base so the prepared material remains interpretable.
- What solubility is supported at the specified temperature, pH and solvent composition? measurement
- Which acid-base forms are expected under the recorded conditions, and what evidence supports that assignment? definition
- Does neutralization create a preparation whose counterions and composition require linkage to a glutamate-salt or formulation model? boundary
Stability and handling Supports preserving composition and choosing evidence-based handling controls.
A usable lot must retain its relevant chemical, stereochemical and physical specifications.
Storage and retest
Connects storage history to continued sample acceptance.
Composition preservation
Record storage requirements and excursions that justify checking water, assay, impurities or D/L ratio.
- What storage conditions and retest interval are supported for this specific form and grade? provenance
- Has the material experienced moisture, temperature or solution-storage conditions outside those limits? measurement
- Which measurements are needed before accepting an exposed or aged sample? action
Hazard and exposure
Associates handling decisions with applicable safety evidence.
Applicable safety record
Record the current safety classification and controls applicable to the supplied material and task.
- Which dated safety data sheet and jurisdiction support the classification assigned to this material? provenance
- What controls apply to weighing powder, preparing solutions and collecting waste under that safety record? action
- Is any cited exposure limit substance-specific or a general particulate limit, and does it apply to this operation? boundary
Application fitness Determines whether a characterized racemate is appropriate for a named task.
Suitability cannot be inherited automatically from L-glutamic acid, a glutamate salt or a generic purity claim.
Stereochemical use requirements
Examines whether an application accepts both enantiomers.
Racemate suitability
Match the requested function to explicit chemical and stereochemical requirements.
- Does the task require racemic glutamic acid, specifically the L enantiomer or only a defined acid-base contribution? definition
- What evidence establishes whether the D fraction affects the assay, reaction or biological system? provenance
- What validation is required before substituting this material for an enantiopure acid or glutamate salt? action
Acceptance and traceability
Makes use decisions reproducible and limited to their supporting evidence.
Documented use decision
Record acceptance against named requirements with lot identity and unresolved limitations.
- Which requirements for D/L ratio, assay, hydration and impurities must this lot meet? boundary
- Which lot records and applicable use permissions support acceptance for the proposed task? provenance
- Should the lot be accepted, restricted, retested or rejected given the remaining evidence gaps? action
Evidence and external alignment What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.
A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.
Reported evidence
Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.
Check these first
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- This is recalled knowledge, not researched or source-verified information.
- Verify supplier-specific purity, water content, enantiomer ratio and safety classification before assigning a grade or intended use.
- Check thermal decomposition, solubility conditions and regulatory identifiers specifically for the racemate; do not transfer values from L-glutamic acid without verification.
- Which of these check these first hold for the sense of DL-glutamic acid this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Identifiers and schemes
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- CAS Registry Number - 617-65-2 - Identifies DL-glutamic acid; individual enantiomers and salts have separate identities.
- IUPAC nomenclature - 2-aminopentanedioic acid - The name must be qualified as racemic or DL to specify the stereochemical composition.
- Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of DL-glutamic acid this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Real-world use
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- Laboratory reagent for chemical synthesis.
- Starting material or test mixture for studying enantiomer separation and chiral analytical methods.
- Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of DL-glutamic acid this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Typical measurements
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- Molar mass - 147.13 - g/mol
- D:L molar ratio in the ideal racemate - 1:1 - mol/mol
- Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of DL-glutamic acid this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Failure modes and hazards
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- Substitution for L-glutamic acid can change biological or enzymatic results because biological systems distinguish the enantiomers.
- Uncontrolled pH changes protonation and solubility, potentially causing precipitation or inconsistent experimental results.
- Powder dust may irritate eyes or airways; this is not a statement of formal GHS classification.
- Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of DL-glutamic acid this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart
Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.
- L-glutamic acid - Contains the L-enantiomer rather than an equimolar D/L mixture; it is the form ordinarily incorporated into proteins.
- D-glutamic acid - Contains the D-enantiomer rather than the racemate.
- Glutamate - Denotes deprotonated forms of glutamic acid or their salts; the term alone does not establish a racemic composition.
- Monosodium glutamate - Is a sodium salt, conventionally of L-glutamic acid, rather than racemic glutamic acid.
- Glutamine - Has a side-chain carboxamide in place of glutamic acid's side-chain carboxyl group.
- Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of DL-glutamic acid this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance
What the second pass must settle
- Which authoritative CAS, PubChem CID and EC mappings distinguish the anhydrous racemate, monohydrate and stereochemically unspecified glutamic acid, and how should those forms link within this registry entry?
- What validated chiral method and acceptance tolerance should establish racemic composition for each intended grade or use?
- Which measured solubility, acid-base and thermal data specifically apply to the racemate and identified hydration state, and is a boiling-point value physically meaningful before decomposition?
- What stability evidence establishes storage conditions and retest intervals for solid and dissolved DL-glutamic acid?
- Which current hazard classifications, exposure limits and application-specific permissions apply to the exact supplied material in each relevant jurisdiction?