{ "model": { "rank": 2777, "code": "thing-q18123741", "model_id": "vr.tr.infectious-disease", "name": "infectious disease", "purpose": "Let an agent reason about infectious diseases through pathogen, transmission, case definition and notification duties, and never offer diagnosis or treatment decisions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.STA", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q18123741/", "tier": 2, "score": 97, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "lungworms", "intestinal acariasis", "subcutaneous abscess", "epididymitis", "Wissler's syndrome", "parapertussis", "emerging communicable disease", "osteomyelitis", "infectious myositis", "Xanthogranulomatous osteomyelitis", "orbital osteomyelitis", "epiglottitis", "parametritis", "tracheitis", "acute hemorrhagic encephalitis", "amoebic brain abscess", "toxemia", "pulmonary fibrosis and/or bone marrow failure, Telomere-related, 4", "pulmonary fibrosis and/or bone marrow failure, Telomere-related, 3", "laryngeal tuberculosis", "invasive fungal infections", "re-emerging infectious disease", "emerging syndrome", "Pneumonia of unknown cause", "Carcinogenic parasite", "prosthesis-related infection", "mandibular osteomyelitis", "petrositis", "Osteomyelitis of the jaws", "chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis", "Brodie abscess", "Pott's puffy tumor", "Vertebral osteomyelitis", "bacterial myositis", "parasitic myositis", "purulent endophthalmitis", "suppurative thyroiditis", "acute epiglottitis", "Vibrio gastroenteritis", "intense toxemia" ], "aliasCount": 319, "merged": 319, "knownIn": 97, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.infectious-disease", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q18123741", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18123741", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T04:26:33Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q18123741", "registryId": "vr.tr.infectious-disease", "name": "infectious disease", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.STA" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q18123741/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.infectious-disease", "name": "infectious disease", "purpose": "Let an agent reason about infectious diseases through pathogen, transmission, case definition and notification duties, and never offer diagnosis or treatment decisions.", "definition": "A disease caused by a pathogen, a bacterium, virus, fungus, parasite or prion, that can be transmitted from one host to another directly or through a vector or the environment.", "what_it_is_for": "Organising knowledge about diseases whose spread between hosts makes them a public health matter as well as a personal one.", "affordances": [ "diagnose it, which only qualified professionals may do", "notify it, where law makes it a notifiable disease", "prevent it, by vaccination, hygiene, vector control and treatment", "track it, through surveillance and case counts" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Caused by a pathogen and transmissible, unlike non-communicable diseases", "Carries public health duties such as notification and isolation", "Defined for surveillance by case definitions that differ from clinical diagnosis", "Can be zoonotic, passing between animals and humans" ], "appearance": "No single appearance: signs vary with the pathogen; many infections are asymptomatic. Laboratory tests, not appearance, confirm them.", "visual_identification": [ "Symptoms suggest but do not establish an infection", "Confirmation needs a laboratory test or a clinical case definition", "Outbreaks are recognised by case clustering in time and place" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "incubation period", "typical_range": "hours to years", "unit": "time", "note": "varies widely by pathogen" }, { "quantity": "basic reproduction number R0", "typical_range": "0.5-18", "unit": "secondary cases", "note": "measles is at the high end" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "by pathogen: bacterial, viral, fungal, parasitic, prion", "by route: airborne, droplet, contact, faecal-oral, vector-borne, bloodborne, sexual", "by host range: human only, zoonotic", "by status: endemic, epidemic, pandemic, eliminated, eradicated" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "disease", "why": "inherits classification, diagnosis and treatment questions" }, { "relation": "is caused by", "target": "pathogen", "why": "the organism or agent is a separate model" }, { "relation": "is spread by", "target": "vector", "why": "insects and other vectors are separate models" }, { "relation": "is prevented by", "target": "vaccine", "why": "vaccines are separate models with their own regulation" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "ICD-11 code", "value_or_pattern": "chapter 1 codes such as 1A00", "note": "WHO classification of diseases" }, { "scheme": "SNOMED CT concept", "value_or_pattern": "numeric concept id", "note": "clinical terminology" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "International Health Regulations (2005)", "National notifiable disease lists and reporting rules", "WHO ICD-11 classification" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Presenting an agent answer as a diagnosis or a treatment decision", "Mixing clinical diagnosis and surveillance case definitions", "Stigmatising language or disclosure of an individual health status", "Out-of-date guidance during a fast-moving outbreak" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "pathogen-and-transmission", "name": "Pathogen and transmission", "description": "What causes it and how it spreads.", "rationale": "Every intervention against an infectious disease depends on knowing the pathogen and the route.", "layers": [ { "id": "pathogen", "name": "Pathogen", "description": "The causative agent.", "findings": [ { "id": "pathogen-finding", "name": "Causative agent", "description": "The pathogen and its classification.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which pathogen causes this disease?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Are there strains or variants that behave differently?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "route", "name": "Transmission route", "description": "How it passes between hosts.", "findings": [ { "id": "route-finding", "name": "Routes and reservoirs", "description": "The routes of transmission and animal reservoirs.", "questions": [ { "text": "By which routes is it transmitted?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is there an animal reservoir or vector?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "case-definition", "name": "Case definition and diagnosis", "description": "How a case is recognised.", "rationale": "Surveillance counts cases by definitions that differ from bedside diagnosis; the two must stay separate.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Case definition", "description": "Criteria for counting a case.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Surveillance definition", "description": "The confirmed, probable and suspected criteria.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is the case definition used for surveillance, and by whom?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How does it differ from clinical diagnosis?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "testing", "name": "Testing", "description": "Laboratory confirmation.", "findings": [ { "id": "testing-finding", "name": "Test methods", "description": "The tests used and their accuracy.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which tests confirm this infection, and how accurate are they?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "What must an agent refer to a clinician rather than answer?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "prevention-and-control", "name": "Prevention and control", "description": "Stopping spread.", "rationale": "Control measures are specific to the pathogen and route; generic advice is often wrong.", "layers": [ { "id": "prevention", "name": "Prevention", "description": "Vaccines, hygiene and vector control.", "findings": [ { "id": "prevention-finding", "name": "Preventive measures", "description": "The measures that reduce transmission.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which preventive measures work against this disease?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is a vaccine available, and for whom is it recommended?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "control", "name": "Outbreak control", "description": "Isolation, tracing and treatment.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-finding", "name": "Control measures", "description": "The measures used once cases occur.", "questions": [ { "text": "What control measures apply once cases occur?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Who has authority to impose them?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "surveillance-and-duty", "name": "Surveillance and duties", "description": "Tracking and legal obligations.", "rationale": "Notifiable status creates legal duties and privacy constraints that an agent must respect.", "layers": [ { "id": "surveillance", "name": "Surveillance", "description": "Counts and trends.", "findings": [ { "id": "surveillance-finding", "name": "Surveillance data", "description": "The case counts and their source.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do current surveillance data show, and from which source?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "How complete is reporting?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] }, { "id": "duties", "name": "Notification and privacy", "description": "Legal duties and limits.", "findings": [ { "id": "duties-finding", "name": "Duties and privacy", "description": "Notification duties and constraints on disclosure.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is this disease notifiable here, and who must notify?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "What information about individuals must not be disclosed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should each infectious disease link to its pathogen as a required relation?", "How should the registry mark guidance that changes during an outbreak?", "Which notification duties should the model carry per jurisdiction?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "disease or condition", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a infectious disease, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent reason about infectious diseases through pathogen, transmission, case definition and notification duties, and never offer diagnosis or treatment decisions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: lungworms, intestinal acariasis, subcutaneous abscess, epididymitis, Wissler's syndrome, parapertussis, emerging communicable disease, osteomyelitis, infectious myositis, Xanthogranulomatous osteomyelitis, orbital osteomyelitis, epiglottitis.", "319 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 97 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a infectious disease, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by criteria applied to signs and findings, not by appearance. Two conditions can look identical and be distinguished only by test." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "lungworms", "intestinal acariasis", "subcutaneous abscess", "epididymitis", "Wissler's syndrome", "parapertussis", "emerging communicable disease", "osteomyelitis", "infectious myositis", "Xanthogranulomatous osteomyelitis", "orbital osteomyelitis", "epiglottitis" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 97 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 319 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one infectious disease from another, and a infectious disease from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a infectious disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a infectious disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a infectious disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a infectious disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a infectious disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a infectious disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a infectious disease sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a infectious disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a infectious disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a infectious disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a infectious disease from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a infectious disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a infectious disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a infectious disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a infectious disease passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a infectious disease between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a infectious disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a infectious disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a infectious disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a infectious disease, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a infectious disease is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a infectious disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a infectious disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a infectious disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "diagnosis-and-criteria", "name": "Diagnosis, criteria and coding", "description": "What makes a case of infectious disease a case, and under which revision.", "rationale": "Criteria change between revisions, so a diagnosis without its coding revision cannot be compared with a later one.", "layers": [ { "id": "criteria", "name": "Diagnostic criteria", "description": "The criteria in force and who issues them.", "findings": [ { "id": "criteria-record", "name": "Criteria, issuer and revision", "description": "What must be true for a diagnosis, according to whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "criteria-record-q01", "text": "What criteria define infectious disease, issued by which body, in which revision?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "criteria-record-q02", "text": "What changed between revisions that would reclassify existing cases?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "coding", "name": "Coding and terminology", "description": "The codes used to record it and their mapping.", "findings": [ { "id": "coding-record", "name": "Codes and mappings", "description": "Which classification codes apply and how they map.", "questions": [ { "id": "coding-record-q01", "text": "Which classification and terminology codes cover infectious disease, and how do they map to each other?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "coding-record-q02", "text": "What is lost when a case is mapped from one scheme to another?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "course-and-population", "name": "Course, population and care", "description": "How infectious disease develops, whom it affects, and what is done about it.", "rationale": "The condition, the diagnosis and the episode of care are three different things, and an agent must not merge them.", "layers": [ { "id": "course", "name": "Course and stages", "description": "Onset, progression, remission and outcome.", "findings": [ { "id": "course-record", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages recorded and what moves a case between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "course-record-q01", "text": "What course does infectious disease typically take, and what marks each stage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "course-record-q02", "text": "What separates the condition itself from an episode of care for it?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "population", "name": "Affected populations", "description": "Who is affected, how often, and on what evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "epidemiology", "name": "Prevalence and its basis", "description": "Rates with their population, period and source.", "questions": [ { "id": "epidemiology-q01", "text": "What prevalence or incidence is reported for infectious disease, in which population and period?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "epidemiology-q02", "text": "What may an agent not conclude about an individual from a population rate?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a infectious disease came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a infectious disease and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a infectious disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a infectious disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a infectious disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a infectious disease is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a infectious disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a infectious disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a infectious disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }