{
    "model": {
        "rank": 6049,
        "code": "thing-q181312",
        "model_id": "vr.tr.stalagmite",
        "name": "stalagmite",
        "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a stalagmite, assess its growth and physical condition, and determine which observation, protection or sampling actions are appropriate.",
        "family": "Thing Registry",
        "category": "Physical world and living systems",
        "status": "research-draft",
        "kind": "thing",
        "plane": "PHY",
        "domain": "PHY.MAT",
        "industry": "",
        "version": "",
        "url": "/models/thing/q181312/",
        "tier": 2,
        "score": 63,
        "payload": {
            "layer": "wikidata",
            "aliases": [],
            "aliasCount": 0,
            "merged": 0,
            "knownIn": 63,
            "facets": null,
            "markers": [],
            "lexicalClass": "",
            "senseRank": null,
            "alsoRegisteredAs": null,
            "source": {
                "dataset": "wikidata",
                "item": "Q181312",
                "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181312",
                "license": "CC0 1.0"
            }
        },
        "research": {
            "vercy": "1.0-draft",
            "publication": {
                "status": "research-draft",
                "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
                "publishableCanonical": false,
                "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T11:10:36Z",
                "providers": [
                    "Codex",
                    "Grok"
                ],
                "missingProviders": [],
                "pass": 2,
                "cost": {
                    "grok": {
                        "usd": 0.00272816,
                        "turns": 1,
                        "seconds": 25.6,
                        "error": null
                    },
                    "codex": {
                        "seconds": 75.8,
                        "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b8e-f322-7060-ac5e-f91799fc4dbd\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: stalagmite\nRegistry id: vr.tr.stalagmite\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA V"
                    }
                }
            },
            "metaModel": {
                "id": "THING-Q181312",
                "registryId": "vr.tr.stalagmite",
                "name": "stalagmite",
                "version": "0.1.0-research.1",
                "entryKind": "thing",
                "family": "Thing Registry",
                "domain": [
                    "PHY.MAT"
                ],
                "status": "research-draft"
            },
            "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q181312/",
            "model": {
                "registry_id": "vr.tr.stalagmite",
                "name": "stalagmite",
                "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a stalagmite, assess its growth and physical condition, and determine which observation, protection or sampling actions are appropriate.",
                "definition": "A stalagmite is a secondary cave mineral deposit (speleothem) that grows upward from a cave floor or other substrate by precipitation of dissolved minerals, typically calcite, from dripping or splashing water.",
                "scope_statement": "This model owns an individual stalagmite as a floor-supported mineral deposit built upward by deposition from dripping water, including its attachment, growth surfaces, material record and immediate environmental relationships.",
                "in_scope": [
                    "Evidence identifying the object as a stalagmite and delimiting its physical extent",
                    "Geometry, growth axes, basal attachment and relationships to adjacent deposits",
                    "Mineral composition, internal layering and evidence of deposition or dissolution",
                    "Relationships between incoming drips, surface wetness and local growth conditions",
                    "Physical damage, conservation constraints and suitability for observation or sampling"
                ],
                "out_of_scope": [
                    "The cave system's overall geometry, access routes and management",
                    "Regional groundwater circulation and catchment processes",
                    "Stalactites, flowstone and joined columns as independently identified formations",
                    "Laboratory instruments, analytical procedures and detached sample custody",
                    "Regional climate reconstructions derived from multiple geological records"
                ],
                "distinguishing_features": [
                    "Establish that the formation grew upward from a floor or supporting substrate; hanging downward from a ceiling identifies a stalactite instead.",
                    "Look for a localised buildup associated with drip deposition; a coating or sheet following water flow across a surface suggests flowstone instead.",
                    "Check whether the formation remains separate from an overhead deposit; a continuous floor-to-ceiling connection requires a boundary decision with a column model.",
                    "Verify mineral deposition rather than identifying a similarly shaped ice mass, sediment mound or carved object solely by silhouette.",
                    "For a detached or overturned object, require contextual or internal evidence of its original upward growth rather than relying on its present orientation."
                ],
                "characteristics": [
                    {
                        "name": "Identification confidence",
                        "kind": "state",
                        "unit_or_values": "confirmed | probable | unresolved, with supporting observations",
                        "why_it_matters": "Prevents shape alone from establishing identity when origin or orientation is uncertain."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Dimensions and profile",
                        "kind": "measurement",
                        "unit_or_values": "height and widths in mm or m, with measurement axis and observation date",
                        "why_it_matters": "Supports recognition, repeat comparison and assessment of accessible growth surfaces."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Growth geometry",
                        "kind": "category",
                        "unit_or_values": "single-axis | branching | coalesced | irregular | unresolved",
                        "why_it_matters": "Helps distinguish one formation from several merged formations and locate changes in growth direction."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Basal attachment",
                        "kind": "state",
                        "unit_or_values": "attached | partly detached | detached | obscured | unresolved",
                        "why_it_matters": "Informs stability assessment and whether the original growth context survives."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Mineral composition",
                        "kind": "category",
                        "unit_or_values": "identified mineral phases, identification method and uncertainty",
                        "why_it_matters": "Supports interpretation of deposition, alteration and suitable analytical methods without assuming composition from appearance."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Drip-source relationship",
                        "kind": "relation",
                        "unit_or_values": "observed or inferred drip source, impact location, observation period and confidence",
                        "why_it_matters": "Connects a growth surface to its water supply while allowing intermittent or shifting drips."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Surface wetness",
                        "kind": "state",
                        "unit_or_values": "dry | damp | wetted by observed drips | unresolved, with observation date",
                        "why_it_matters": "Records present conditions without treating wetness as proof of mineral growth."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Net surface change",
                        "kind": "measurement",
                        "unit_or_values": "mm per stated interval, with method, uncertainty and detection limit",
                        "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes measured accumulation or loss from an unsupported active-growth label."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Growth-record continuity",
                        "kind": "state",
                        "unit_or_values": "apparently continuous | interrupted | altered | unresolved, for a specified region",
                        "why_it_matters": "Qualifies whether internal layers can support a chronological interpretation."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Physical condition",
                        "kind": "state",
                        "unit_or_values": "mapped fractures, missing material, surface alteration and contamination, with severity and evidence",
                        "why_it_matters": "Supports protection decisions and comparison of condition over time."
                    }
                ],
                "affordances": [
                    "Identify and map the formation using photographs, measurements and its cave location.",
                    "Monitor drip delivery, surface wetness and repeat surface measurements to assess change.",
                    "Assess visible attachment and fractures to guide expert inspection and protective access controls.",
                    "Evaluate whether internal growth records could answer a stated research question.",
                    "Select minimally disturbing observation methods and, where authorised, justify sampling locations and limits."
                ]
            },
            "sources": [
                {
                    "id": "src-placeholder",
                    "title": "Research in progress",
                    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stalagmite",
                    "what_it_supports": "",
                    "url_status": "live"
                }
            ],
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "identity-and-formation-boundary",
                        "name": "Identity and formation boundary",
                        "description": "Establishes why the object is a stalagmite and which material belongs to it.",
                        "rationale": "An upward-growing deposit can be confused with neighbouring formations or lose its original context after breakage.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "formation-evidence",
                                "name": "Formation evidence",
                                "description": "Tests origin and growth direction rather than relying on outward shape.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "upward-drip-deposition",
                                        "name": "Upward drip deposition",
                                        "description": "Records evidence that dripping water built the deposit upward from a supporting surface.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What observations support upward mineral deposition from drips rather than a hanging deposit, flow coating or non-mineral lookalike?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "id": "upward-drip-deposition-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "If the object is detached or overturned, what evidence establishes its original position and growth direction?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "upward-drip-deposition-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "individual-extent",
                                "name": "Individual extent",
                                "description": "Resolves boundaries at the base, neighbouring growths and overhead connections.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "merged-and-connected-growth",
                                        "name": "Merged and connected growth",
                                        "description": "Defines the individual where deposits merge or connect to another formation.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Where does the stalagmite end and its substrate or surrounding flowstone begin, and which boundaries are obscured?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "merged-and-connected-growth-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Do coalesced neighbours or a ceiling connection require linked formation identities, and what evidence supports that decision?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "merged-and-connected-growth-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "geometry-and-attachment",
                        "name": "Geometry and attachment",
                        "description": "Describes the growth form and its physical connection to the supporting surface.",
                        "rationale": "Profile, axis changes and basal attachment affect recognition, interpretation and susceptibility to breakage.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "external-growth-form",
                                "name": "External growth form",
                                "description": "Locates the base, apex and changes in shape within a repeatable reference frame.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "profile-and-growth-axes",
                                        "name": "Profile and growth axes",
                                        "description": "Records dimensions and growth geometry without assigning an unverified cause to their variation.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What are the height, widths at specified elevations and apex position relative to a documented base reference?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "profile-and-growth-axes-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Where do growth axes divide or change direction, and can later observations reproduce these measurements?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "profile-and-growth-axes-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "support-and-fracture",
                                "name": "Support and fracture",
                                "description": "Examines attachment and discontinuities relevant to physical integrity.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "basal-and-body-integrity",
                                        "name": "Basal and body integrity",
                                        "description": "Separates observed attachment and fractures from inferred stability.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which parts of the base are visibly attached, detached or concealed, and where are fractures or displaced sections?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "basal-and-body-integrity-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Do observed fractures or attachment changes warrant restricting nearby activity or requesting specialist assessment?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "basal-and-body-integrity-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "drip-supply-and-surface-change",
                        "name": "Drip supply and surface change",
                        "description": "Relates incoming water to current surface conditions and measured deposition or loss.",
                        "rationale": "A dry visit does not establish permanent inactivity, and a wet surface does not establish growth.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "water-delivery",
                                "name": "Water delivery",
                                "description": "Records the location, timing and variability of water reaching the formation.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "drip-impact-and-variability",
                                        "name": "Drip impact and variability",
                                        "description": "Connects observed drips to particular surfaces while retaining temporal uncertainty.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which drip sources reach the stalagmite, where do they strike, and are these relationships observed or inferred?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "drip-impact-and-variability-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What drip intervals or water-delivery rates were observed, over what duration and under which seasonal conditions?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "drip-impact-and-variability-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "deposition-and-loss",
                                "name": "Deposition and loss",
                                "description": "Distinguishes wetness, mineral accumulation, dissolution and unresolved change.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "net-growth-evidence",
                                        "name": "Net growth evidence",
                                        "description": "Requires evidence and a timescale for any claim about current growth or surface loss.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What repeat measurements demonstrate mineral accumulation or surface loss, and what is their detection limit?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "net-growth-evidence-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What monitoring interval and method could resolve whether an apparently unchanged surface is growing, dissolving or stable?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "net-growth-evidence-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "mineral-and-growth-record",
                        "name": "Mineral and growth record",
                        "description": "Characterises composition, layering and the limits of historical interpretation.",
                        "rationale": "A stalagmite may preserve a growth history, but composition, interruptions and alteration constrain what that record supports.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "composition-and-alteration",
                                "name": "Composition and alteration",
                                "description": "Separates identified mineral phases from visual impressions and later changes.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "material-identification",
                                        "name": "Material identification",
                                        "description": "Records how composition was established and where alteration may affect interpretation.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which mineral phases are identified, by what method, and which parts of the formation do those results represent?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "material-identification-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Where is there evidence of recrystallisation, dissolution, inclusions or surface coatings, and how confidently is it identified?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "material-identification-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "layering-and-chronology",
                                "name": "Layering and chronology",
                                "description": "Evaluates growth sequence and age evidence without assuming regular layer durations.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "record-continuity-and-age",
                                        "name": "Record continuity and age",
                                        "description": "Relates observed layers and dated positions while preserving gaps and uncertainty.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What evidence identifies growth layers, interruptions or erosional boundaries, and does any evidence establish their duration?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "record-continuity-and-age-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which age determinations belong to which positions, and what uncertainties or material limitations constrain their interpretation?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "record-continuity-and-age-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "conservation-and-research-actions",
                        "name": "Conservation and research actions",
                        "description": "Connects condition and scientific value to permissible interventions.",
                        "rationale": "Touching, installing equipment or removing material can affect both the growth surface and the retained research record.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "condition-and-exposure",
                                "name": "Condition and exposure",
                                "description": "Records damage and local activities that may affect the formation.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "damage-and-disturbance",
                                        "name": "Damage and disturbance",
                                        "description": "Distinguishes documented change from uncertain damage origins.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What breakage, abrasion, deposits or contamination are documented, and which earlier observations establish when they appeared?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "damage-and-disturbance-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which nearby activities could contact the formation or alter its drip supply, and what protective measures are justified?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "damage-and-disturbance-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "intervention-selection",
                                "name": "Intervention selection",
                                "description": "Evaluates observation, instrument placement and sampling against purpose and authority.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "justified-access-and-sampling",
                                        "name": "Justified access and sampling",
                                        "description": "Requires a specific objective, permission and assessment of material loss before intervention.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Can the research question be answered through remote observation, existing measurements or previously collected material?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "justified-access-and-sampling-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "If contact, equipment installation or sampling is proposed, what authority permits it and what location, extent and effect on future growth or interpretation are acceptable?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "justified-access-and-sampling-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment",
                        "name": "Evidence and external alignment",
                        "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.",
                        "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "reported-evidence",
                                "name": "Reported evidence",
                                "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-kinds",
                                        "name": "Kinds and varieties",
                                        "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            "calcite stalagmite",
                                            "aragonite stalagmite",
                                            "ice stalagmite",
                                            "lava stalagmite",
                                            "mud stalagmite",
                                            "candle-shaped stalagmite",
                                            "pagoda stalagmite",
                                            "palm-trunk stalagmite"
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-kinds-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of stalagmite this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "openQuestions": [
                "Does this registry entry include stalagmite-like mineral deposits in artificial underground settings, or only cave speleothems?",
                "What identity convention should apply when neighbouring stalagmites coalesce or a stalagmite joins an overhead formation to become a column?",
                "What observation periods and detection limits justify active, inactive or dissolving classifications under different drip regimes?",
                "Which mineralogical and alteration conditions permit reliable dating or environmental interpretation, and which require specialist qualification?",
                "Which site-specific conservation rules and permissions govern touching, monitoring equipment and sampling?"
            ],
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 6,
                "layers": 11,
                "findings": 11,
                "questions": 21
            }
        },
        "draft": {
            "generator": "vr.draft.v3",
            "status": "draft-generated",
            "researched": false,
            "archetype": "chemical substance or material",
            "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.",
            "facetsInferred": true,
            "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.",
            "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a stalagmite, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.",
            "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a stalagmite, assess its growth and physical condition, and determine which observation, protection or sampling actions are appropriate.",
            "characteristics": {
                "substance": "material",
                "origin": "natural",
                "agency": "inert",
                "mobility": "varies"
            },
            "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [
                "observed and measured",
                "consumed or used up"
            ],
            "distinguishingFeatures": [
                "Described in 63 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is."
            ],
            "openQuestionsForResearch": [
                "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?",
                "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?",
                "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a stalagmite, and on what evidence are they told apart?"
            ],
            "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch",
            "physicalCharacter": [
                "Mobility varies between examples.",
                "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.",
                "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing."
            ],
            "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [
                "observe it, measure it, record its state",
                "use it up, and then need more of it"
            ],
            "howItIsRecognised": [
                "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay."
            ],
            "relatedModels": [],
            "standing": "Described in 63 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.",
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "identity-and-classification",
                        "name": "Identity, naming and classification",
                        "description": "How an agent tells one stalagmite from another, and a stalagmite from things that resemble it.",
                        "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "naming-and-identifiers",
                                "name": "Names and identifiers",
                                "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases",
                                        "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names",
                                        "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a stalagmite, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a stalagmite, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a stalagmite is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "stable-identifiers",
                                        "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys",
                                        "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a stalagmite, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a stalagmite, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a stalagmite is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "classification-and-granularity",
                                "name": "Classification and granularity",
                                "description": "Where a stalagmite sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "kind-and-parents",
                                        "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds",
                                        "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a stalagmite, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a stalagmite, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a stalagmite is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "distinguishing-features",
                                        "name": "Distinguishing features",
                                        "description": "What separates a stalagmite from the things most often confused with it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a stalagmite, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a stalagmite, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a stalagmite is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "form-and-composition",
                        "name": "Form, composition and condition",
                        "description": "What a stalagmite is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.",
                        "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "form-and-dimensions",
                                "name": "Form and dimensions",
                                "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "measurable-dimensions",
                                        "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units",
                                        "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a stalagmite, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a stalagmite, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a stalagmite is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "material-and-composition",
                                "name": "Material and composition",
                                "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "parts-and-materials",
                                        "name": "Parts and materials",
                                        "description": "What a stalagmite is built from and which parts are replaceable.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "parts-and-materials-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a stalagmite, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "parts-and-materials-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a stalagmite, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "parts-and-materials-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a stalagmite is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "condition-and-integrity",
                                "name": "Condition and integrity",
                                "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "condition-assessment",
                                        "name": "Condition, damage and health",
                                        "description": "How the condition of a stalagmite is judged and by whom.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "condition-assessment-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a stalagmite, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "condition-assessment-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a stalagmite, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "condition-assessment-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a stalagmite is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "place-and-movement",
                        "name": "Place and movement",
                        "description": "Where a stalagmite is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).",
                        "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "location-and-placement",
                                "name": "Location and placement",
                                "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "position-and-frame",
                                        "name": "Position, container and reference frame",
                                        "description": "Where a stalagmite is, and what that position is measured against.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a stalagmite, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a stalagmite, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a stalagmite is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "movement-and-transfer",
                                "name": "Movement and transfer",
                                "description": "How a stalagmite is carried, installed or relocated.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "movement-events",
                                        "name": "Movement events and constraints",
                                        "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a stalagmite, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a stalagmite, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a stalagmite is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "state-and-lifecycle",
                        "name": "State and lifecycle",
                        "description": "The states a stalagmite passes through and the events that move it between them.",
                        "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "lifecycle-stages",
                                "name": "Lifecycle stages",
                                "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "stages-and-transitions",
                                        "name": "Stages and transitions",
                                        "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a stalagmite between them.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a stalagmite, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a stalagmite, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a stalagmite is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "observations-and-status",
                                "name": "Observations and current status",
                                "description": "What is observed about a stalagmite, how often and by whom.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "observation-record",
                                        "name": "Observation record",
                                        "description": "How an observation of a stalagmite is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a stalagmite, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a stalagmite, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a stalagmite is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "use-and-operation",
                        "name": "Use and operation",
                        "description": "What can be done with a stalagmite and what it takes to do it.",
                        "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "intended-use",
                                "name": "Intended use and function",
                                "description": "What a stalagmite is for, and what it is used for anyway.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "function-and-purpose",
                                        "name": "Function, purpose and misuse",
                                        "description": "The function a stalagmite performs and the uses that fall outside it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "function-and-purpose-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a stalagmite, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "function-and-purpose-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a stalagmite, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "function-and-purpose-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a stalagmite is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "handling-and-procedure",
                                "name": "Handling and procedure",
                                "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a stalagmite.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "procedures-and-skills",
                                        "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools",
                                        "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a stalagmite at all.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes handling a stalagmite, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a stalagmite, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a stalagmite is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "supply-and-consumption",
                                "name": "Supply and consumption",
                                "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "consumption-and-stock",
                                        "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment",
                                        "description": "How much of a stalagmite there is and how fast it goes.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a stalagmite, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a stalagmite, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a stalagmite is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "composition-and-identity",
                        "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity",
                        "description": "What stalagmite is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.",
                        "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "chemical-identity",
                                "name": "Chemical identity",
                                "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "identity-record",
                                        "name": "Identity and registry numbers",
                                        "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "identity-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name stalagmite unambiguously?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "identity-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "grade-and-impurities",
                                "name": "Grade, purity and impurities",
                                "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "specification",
                                        "name": "Specification and assay",
                                        "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "specification-q01",
                                                "text": "What grades of stalagmite exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?",
                                                "kind": "measurement"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "specification-q02",
                                                "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "properties-and-behaviour",
                        "name": "Properties and behaviour",
                        "description": "How stalagmite behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.",
                        "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "physical-constants",
                                "name": "Physical constants",
                                "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "constants-record",
                                        "name": "Constants and conditions",
                                        "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "constants-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What are the defining physical constants of stalagmite, in what units and under what conditions?",
                                                "kind": "measurement"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "constants-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "stability-and-reactivity",
                                "name": "Stability and reactivity",
                                "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "incompatibilities",
                                        "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation",
                                        "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "incompatibilities-q01",
                                                "text": "What is stalagmite incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "incompatibilities-q02",
                                                "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "hazard-and-regulation",
                        "name": "Hazard classification and regulation",
                        "description": "How stalagmite can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.",
                        "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "hazard-class",
                                "name": "Hazard classification",
                                "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "classified-hazards",
                                        "name": "Classified hazards and limits",
                                        "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "classified-hazards-q01",
                                                "text": "How is stalagmite classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "classified-hazards-q02",
                                                "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "regulatory-identity",
                                "name": "Regulatory identity and control",
                                "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "controls",
                                        "name": "Controls and jurisdiction",
                                        "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "controls-q01",
                                                "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover stalagmite, and where?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "controls-q02",
                                                "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "provenance-and-evidence",
                        "name": "Provenance, evidence and time",
                        "description": "Where every claim about a stalagmite came from and when it held.",
                        "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "source-and-authority",
                                "name": "Source and authority",
                                "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "claim-provenance",
                                        "name": "Claim provenance and confidence",
                                        "description": "The authority behind each claim about a stalagmite and how confident it is.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a stalagmite, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a stalagmite, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a stalagmite is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "time-and-versions",
                                "name": "Time, versions and supersession",
                                "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "validity-and-supersession",
                                        "name": "Validity period and supersession",
                                        "description": "How an old claim about a stalagmite is retired without being erased.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a stalagmite, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a stalagmite, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a stalagmite is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 9,
                "layers": 20,
                "findings": 22,
                "questions": 60
            }
        }
    }
}