{ "model": { "rank": 6388, "code": "thing-q181485", "model_id": "vr.tr.blast-furnace", "name": "blast furnace", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a blast furnace, assess its operating and physical condition, and identify actions supported by its configuration, evidence and operating authority.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q181485/", "tier": 2, "score": 60, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Raschet Blast Furnace", "fuming blast-furnace", "Water jacket furnace", "charcoal blast furnace", "cold blast" ], "aliasCount": 5, "merged": 5, "knownIn": 60, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q181485", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181485", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T14:14:36Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.01104966, "turns": 1, "seconds": 188.2, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 110.8, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c33-0fb5-7cf2-9007-b97c82eaf635\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: blast furnace\nRegistry id: vr.tr.blast-furnace\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q181485", "registryId": "vr.tr.blast-furnace", "name": "blast furnace", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q181485/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.blast-furnace", "name": "blast furnace", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a blast furnace, assess its operating and physical condition, and identify actions supported by its configuration, evidence and operating authority.", "definition": "A continuously operated, refractory-lined counter-current shaft furnace in which a descending burden of iron-bearing materials, coke (or charcoal) and flux is reduced and melted by an ascending hot blast injected through tuyeres, yielding liquid pig iron (hot metal), liquid slag and a carbon-monoxide-rich top gas.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the individual blast furnace registered as vr.tr.blast-furnace: its shaft-smelting identity, installed configuration, burden and blast interfaces, internal process state, tapping capability, containment integrity and campaign status; ironmaking is the working case, while historical and non-ferrous applicability remains unresolved.", "in_scope": [ "Furnace shaft, bosh, hearth, lining, cooling elements, tuyeres and installed charging and tapping interfaces", "Burden descent, gas passage, reduction, melting and liquid accumulation within the furnace", "Blast, injected materials, cooling and top-gas conditions at defined furnace interfaces", "Hot-metal and slag withdrawal and associated furnace performance", "Campaign condition, operating restrictions and evidence needed to authorise interventions" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Ore mining, beneficiation, sintering, pelletising and coke manufacture", "Detailed models of hot-blast stoves, blowers and external injection preparation equipment", "Downstream steelmaking, casting and hot-metal transport", "Top-gas cleaning, storage, power generation and carbon-capture installations beyond furnace interfaces", "Plant-wide utilities, logistics, staffing and environmental accounting" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Check for a charged shaft in which solid burden descends against rising process gas, with blast introduced through lower tuyeres; record documentary evidence when the furnace is inactive or partly dismantled.", "Check whether the intended process reduces ore and produces molten metal and slag, distinguishing it from a cupola primarily remelting metallic charge.", "Check for molten-product accumulation and tapping, distinguishing the ironmaking case from a direct-reduction shaft producing solid reduced iron.", "Check whether shaft burden and tuyere-supplied blast define the process, rather than electrodes defining an electric-arc furnace or oxygen refining a charged bath defining a basic oxygen converter." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Process application", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "ironmaking; documented other application; unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Determines which burden, product and reaction assumptions are applicable." }, { "name": "Working volume", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "m³, with geometric boundaries and survey date", "why_it_matters": "Supports capacity comparisons without conflating different volume conventions." }, { "name": "Campaign and operating mode", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "construction; drying or preparation; blow-in; operating; banked; stopped; blow-down; relining; decommissioned; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Changes how observations are interpreted and which interventions are eligible." }, { "name": "Burden composition and distribution", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mass fractions, size distributions and charge placement by timestamped batch", "why_it_matters": "Connects charged materials to gas permeability, reduction demand and subsequent furnace response." }, { "name": "Blast condition", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "temperature in °C; pressure in kPa with reference; flow in Nm³/min with normal conditions; oxygen and moisture content", "why_it_matters": "Characterises a principal furnace input and enables comparison with the applicable operating envelope." }, { "name": "Auxiliary injection configuration", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "linked injection equipment, material identities, enabled tuyeres and timestamped feed rates", "why_it_matters": "Prevents assuming that every furnace uses the same fuels or reductants." }, { "name": "Shaft pressure difference", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "kPa between named measurement locations, with simultaneous gas-flow conditions", "why_it_matters": "Helps assess changing resistance to gas passage through the burden." }, { "name": "Burden descent", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "stockline elevation in m and descent rate in m/min, with datum and measurement method", "why_it_matters": "Supports detection of stalled or irregular burden movement." }, { "name": "Top-gas condition", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "temperature, pressure, flow and composition with wet or dry basis and sampling location", "why_it_matters": "Supports interpretation of gas utilisation, distribution and outlet constraints." }, { "name": "Hearth liquid inventory estimate", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "estimated metal and slag inventory in t or m³, with method and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Supports drainage assessment while distinguishing inferred inventory from direct observation." }, { "name": "Tapped product condition", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "metal and slag mass per tap, temperature in °C and composition in mass %, with sample time", "why_it_matters": "Connects furnace performance to product acceptance and subsequent process decisions." }, { "name": "Lining and cooling condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "location-specific assessed condition, supporting measurements, confidence and active restrictions", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether containment degradation or cooling anomalies restrict operation." }, { "name": "Specific reductant consumption", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "kg of each separately identified material per t of hot metal, with accounting interval", "why_it_matters": "Allows performance comparison without treating dissimilar reductants as interchangeable." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify the furnace and map its installed charging, blast, cooling, gas and tapping connections.", "Reconcile burden, blast, gas and tapping observations to assess the current furnace state and confidence.", "Compare proposed burden or blast changes with furnace-specific constraints and submit them for authorised review.", "Flag evidence of irregular descent, poor drainage, cooling anomalies or containment deterioration for operator assessment.", "Evaluate readiness for tapping, inspection, repair or a campaign transition against documented prerequisites.", "Track campaign degradation and prepare maintenance or relining recommendations from location-specific evidence." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "britannica-blast-furnace", "title": "Blast furnace", "url": "https://www.britannica.com/technology/blast-furnace", "what_it_supports": "Working principle of the ironmaking shaft, burden and blast, and the distinction from earlier bloomeries.", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "jrc-bref-iron-steel-2013", "title": "Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for Iron and Steel Production, Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EU", "url": "https://eippcb.jrc.ec.europa.eu/reference", "what_it_supports": "Plant configuration of the blast-furnace route, associated emissions, and European regulatory BAT for ironmaking.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "iso-14404-1", "title": "ISO 14404-1: Calculation method of carbon dioxide emission intensity from iron and steel production - Part 1: Steel plant with blast furnace", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "The blast-furnace steel plant as a defined industrial system for carbon-intensity accounting." }, { "id": "iea-iron-steel-roadmap-2020", "title": "Iron and Steel Technology Roadmap", "url": "https://www.iea.org/reports/iron-and-steel-technology-roadmap", "what_it_supports": "Role of the blast furnace in current primary steelmaking, typical energy and CO2 intensity, and competing routes such as direct reduction.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "geerdes-modern-bf-ironmaking", "title": "Modern Blast Furnace Ironmaking: An Introduction", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Operating measurements (blast temperature, coke and coal-injection rates, productivity, campaign behaviour) and principal process upsets used by ironmaking engineers." } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "shaft-smelting-identity", "name": "Shaft-smelting identity", "description": "Establish what furnace this is, what process it embodies and where its equipment boundary lies.", "rationale": "A furnace label alone cannot distinguish blast-furnace smelting from neighbouring melting and reduction processes.", "layers": [ { "id": "process-recognition", "name": "Process recognition", "description": "Test identity against material transformation and furnace arrangement.", "findings": [ { "id": "ore-to-molten-metal-role", "name": "Ore-to-molten-metal role", "description": "Record evidence for the intended feed-to-product transformation; conventional ironmaking separates blast-furnace iron production from subsequent steelmaking. [Worldsteel process overview](https://worldsteel.org/about-steel/what-is-steel/).", "questions": [ { "text": "What feed-to-product transformation establishes this installation as a blast furnace?", "kind": "definition", "id": "ore-to-molten-metal-role-q01" }, { "text": "Which drawings, operating records or physical observations substantiate that classification?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "ore-to-molten-metal-role-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "installed-furnace-boundary", "name": "Installed furnace boundary", "description": "Locate the furnace body and its connections to supporting plant.", "findings": [ { "id": "body-and-interface-map", "name": "Body and interface map", "description": "Identify shaft, bosh, hearth and furnace-mounted equipment, with explicit handover points to adjacent systems.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where are the asset boundaries at charging equipment, hot-blast delivery, cooling circuits, top-gas takeoff and tapping outlets?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "body-and-interface-map-q01" }, { "text": "Which installed geometry and equipment revision describe the furnace in its current campaign?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "body-and-interface-map-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "burden-and-gas-passage", "name": "Burden and gas passage", "description": "Represent what enters the shaft, how it is distributed and whether solids and gas move as intended.", "rationale": "Burden composition and movement connect charging decisions to permeability and furnace response.", "layers": [ { "id": "charge-design-and-delivery", "name": "Charge design and delivery", "description": "Relate actual charges to the intended burden recipe and placement.", "findings": [ { "id": "burden-recipe-and-placement", "name": "Burden recipe and placement", "description": "Record ore-bearing materials, reductants and fluxes by charge, including their physical properties and placement; conventional coke also supports the burden. [Worldsteel energy use](https://worldsteel.org/about-steel/energy-use-in-the-steel-industry/).", "questions": [ { "text": "What masses, chemistry, size distributions and moisture contents were actually charged?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "burden-recipe-and-placement-q01" }, { "text": "How did the charging sequence and radial placement compare with the approved burden programme?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "burden-recipe-and-placement-q02" }, { "text": "Which material substitutions or distribution changes require renewed process approval?", "kind": "action", "id": "burden-recipe-and-placement-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "descent-and-permeability", "name": "Descent and permeability", "description": "Assess continuity of burden descent and resistance to gas passage.", "findings": [ { "id": "irregular-burden-movement", "name": "Irregular burden movement", "description": "Combine stockline, pressure and gas-distribution evidence without treating a single signal as a confirmed internal condition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do stockline trends and charging records show about descent continuity and sudden movements?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "irregular-burden-movement-q01" }, { "text": "Do pressure differences and gas-distribution observations support suspected hanging, slipping or channelling?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "irregular-burden-movement-q02" }, { "text": "Which observed combinations require escalation under this furnace's operating procedures?", "kind": "action", "id": "irregular-burden-movement-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "blast-and-reduction-state", "name": "Blast and reduction state", "description": "Connect tuyere inputs and top-gas observations to the furnace's thermal and chemical condition.", "rationale": "Similar production rates can conceal different heat balances, gas utilisation and operating constraints.", "layers": [ { "id": "tuyere-inputs", "name": "Tuyere inputs", "description": "Record delivered blast and auxiliary injection by their actual installed configuration.", "findings": [ { "id": "blast-and-injection-envelope", "name": "Blast and injection envelope", "description": "Represent measured inputs and configuration-specific constraints; auxiliary reductants and oxygen arrangements vary across blast-furnace technologies. [Worldsteel blast-furnace technologies](https://worldsteel.org/climate-action/breakthrough-technologies/next-level-blast-furnace/).", "questions": [ { "text": "What blast temperature, pressure, flow, oxygen content and moisture reach the furnace?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "blast-and-injection-envelope-q01" }, { "text": "Which tuyeres and injection lines are available, and what materials and rates are actually delivered?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "blast-and-injection-envelope-q02" }, { "text": "What approved limits and dependencies govern a proposed blast or injection change?", "kind": "action", "id": "blast-and-injection-envelope-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "thermal-and-reduction-assessment", "name": "Thermal and reduction assessment", "description": "Interpret furnace response using time-aligned gas, burden and tapped-product evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "inferred-internal-process-state", "name": "Inferred internal process state", "description": "Separate measured outlet conditions from estimates of internal heat balance, reduction progress and zone locations.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do top-gas composition and temperature, together with tapped-metal measurements, indicate about current thermal and reduction performance?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "inferred-internal-process-state-q01" }, { "text": "Which internal-state estimates depend on a model, and where has that model been validated?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "inferred-internal-process-state-q02" }, { "text": "What process delays and uncertainty must be considered before attributing a response to an earlier input change?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "inferred-internal-process-state-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hearth-drainage-and-products", "name": "Hearth drainage and products", "description": "Track liquid accumulation, tapping capability and the metal and slag leaving the furnace.", "rationale": "Production is constrained by the furnace's ability to drain its hearth and deliver acceptable products.", "layers": [ { "id": "liquid-inventory-and-tapping", "name": "Liquid inventory and tapping", "description": "Assess hearth drainage against estimated liquid generation and available outlets.", "findings": [ { "id": "drainage-readiness", "name": "Drainage readiness", "description": "Record taphole availability, tap history and uncertainty in residual hearth inventory.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which tapholes are serviceable, restricted or unavailable, and what evidence supports each status?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "drainage-readiness-q01" }, { "text": "What do estimated liquid generation and measured tap quantities imply about residual metal and slag inventory?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "drainage-readiness-q02" }, { "text": "Are the required tapping equipment and receiving routes confirmed ready under the applicable procedure?", "kind": "action", "id": "drainage-readiness-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "product-condition-and-accounting", "name": "Product condition and accounting", "description": "Associate tapped metal and slag with samples, acceptance criteria and accounting intervals.", "findings": [ { "id": "tap-quality-and-output", "name": "Tap quality and output", "description": "Record output quantity and condition without assigning downstream steelmaking responsibility to the furnace model.", "questions": [ { "text": "What metal and slag quantities, temperatures and compositions were recorded for each tap?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "tap-quality-and-output-q01" }, { "text": "Which receiving-process specifications determine acceptance or escalation for this output?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "tap-quality-and-output-q02" }, { "text": "What sampling, weighing and time-allocation methods support the reported output and specific consumption?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "tap-quality-and-output-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "containment-and-cooling", "name": "Containment and cooling", "description": "Assess the barriers containing hot material and process gas, together with the cooling that protects them.", "rationale": "A furnace can maintain production while local wear or cooling abnormalities narrow its permissible operating envelope.", "layers": [ { "id": "lining-shell-and-hearth", "name": "Lining, shell and hearth", "description": "Locate degradation and distinguish direct inspection from inferred wear.", "findings": [ { "id": "local-containment-condition", "name": "Local containment condition", "description": "Associate wear estimates, shell observations and thermal measurements with specific furnace regions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where do inspections or thermal trends indicate lining loss, shell distress or abnormal local heating?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "local-containment-condition-q01" }, { "text": "How were residual lining and hearth condition estimated, and how uncertain are those estimates?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "local-containment-condition-q02" }, { "text": "Which documented restrictions follow from the assessed condition at each affected location?", "kind": "action", "id": "local-containment-condition-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "cooling-and-gas-boundaries", "name": "Cooling and gas boundaries", "description": "Assess cooling-circuit condition and furnace gas containment at installed interfaces.", "findings": [ { "id": "cooling-and-seal-anomalies", "name": "Cooling and seal anomalies", "description": "Relate circuit imbalance, heat-removal trends and gas-leak evidence to affected furnace components.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which circuit flows, temperatures, pressures or inventory balances depart from their approved ranges?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "cooling-and-seal-anomalies-q01" }, { "text": "What observations indicate a suspected cooling leak or loss of gas containment, and where is the affected boundary?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "cooling-and-seal-anomalies-q02" }, { "text": "Which site procedure and responsible authority govern the response to the observed anomaly?", "kind": "action", "id": "cooling-and-seal-anomalies-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "campaign-and-intervention-control", "name": "Campaign and intervention control", "description": "Determine what may be done to the furnace in its current campaign, operating mode and dependency state.", "rationale": "A stopped, banked, operating or relining furnace has different retained conditions and prerequisites for intervention.", "layers": [ { "id": "campaign-state-and-transitions", "name": "Campaign state and transitions", "description": "Record campaign history and evidence required for transitions between furnace modes.", "findings": [ { "id": "mode-and-transition-readiness", "name": "Mode and transition readiness", "description": "Represent the declared mode alongside actual burden, thermal, pressure and isolation conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is the current campaign and operating mode, and when was it last confirmed?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "mode-and-transition-readiness-q01" }, { "text": "What retained burden, liquids, heat or pressure qualify the meaning of a stopped or banked state?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "mode-and-transition-readiness-q02" }, { "text": "What documented prerequisites and authorisation are required for the proposed blow-in, restart, blow-down or relining transition?", "kind": "action", "id": "mode-and-transition-readiness-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "intervention-eligibility", "name": "Intervention eligibility", "description": "Connect proposed furnace actions to live dependencies, trustworthy observations and assigned authority.", "findings": [ { "id": "action-evidence-and-dependencies", "name": "Action evidence and dependencies", "description": "Record whether a proposed adjustment or intervention is supported, restricted or unresolved.", "questions": [ { "text": "Are blast supply, cooling, top-gas handling and liquid-receiving dependencies available for the proposed action?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "action-evidence-and-dependencies-q01" }, { "text": "Which missing, stale or conflicting furnace measurements prevent a reliable readiness judgement?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "action-evidence-and-dependencies-q02" }, { "text": "Who may authorise and execute the action, and which furnace-specific interlocks, permits or procedures apply?", "kind": "action", "id": "action-evidence-and-dependencies-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Large coke-based ironmaking blast furnace at an integrated steelworks", "Mini blast furnace (small-hearth ironmaking unit, typically feeding local foundries or small steel shops)", "Charcoal-fired blast furnace", "Merchant / foundry pig-iron blast furnace", "Ferroalloy blast furnace (chiefly ferromanganese and silicomanganese)", "Lead blast furnace, including the Imperial Smelting Furnace for simultaneous lead-zinc smelting", "Secondary copper or matte blast furnace", "Experimental low-carbon ironmaking blast furnace (hydrogen injection, oxygen enrichment, top-gas recycling)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of blast furnace this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q191396", "note": "Item for the blast furnace as an industrial apparatus." }, { "scheme": "Harmonized System", "value_or_pattern": "8417.10", "note": "Furnaces and ovens for roasting, melting or other heat-treatment of ores, pyrites or metals; the blast furnace sits in this equipment heading rather than having a unique HS subheading." }, { "scheme": "IPCC 2006 source category", "value_or_pattern": "2.C.1", "note": "Iron and steel production, the inventory category that includes blast-furnace ironmaking." }, { "scheme": "NACE Rev. 2", "value_or_pattern": "24.10", "note": "Manufacture of basic iron and steel; activity code for plants that operate blast furnaces, not a name for the vessel itself." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of blast furnace this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "ISO 14404-1 (International Organization for Standardization) - method for CO2 emission intensity of a steel plant with a blast furnace", "Commission Implementing Decision 2012/135/EU and the Iron and Steel BREF (European Commission / Joint Research Centre) - BAT conclusions for integrated iron and steel works", "Directive 2010/75/EU on industrial emissions (European Union) - permitting of blast-furnace ironmaking as an IED activity", "40 CFR Part 63 Subpart FFFFF, Integrated Iron and Steel Manufacturing NESHAP (United States Environmental Protection Agency)", "GB 50427, Code for design of blast furnace ironmaking engineering (China, national construction/design code)", "Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU (European Union) - hot-blast stoves, mains and other pressure parts attached to the furnace" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of blast furnace this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Primary ironmaking in integrated steelworks: sinter or pellets, lump ore, coke and flux are charged at the top; liquid hot metal is tapped to torpedo cars and sent to a basic oxygen furnace.", "Mini blast furnaces in India, China and parts of Latin America supplying foundry pig iron or small steel shops that lack a full coke-oven / large-BF complex.", "Charcoal blast furnaces in Brazil producing pig iron from plantation charcoal, a distinct commercial route from the coke-based integrated mill.", "Ferroalloy works smelting manganese ores to ferromanganese in a blast furnace rather than a submerged-arc furnace.", "Non-ferrous smelters using water-jacketed blast furnaces for lead concentrates or secondary copper.", "Blast-furnace slag granulated and ground for cement (ground granulated blast-furnace slag); blast-furnace gas used as fuel on hot-blast stoves, coke ovens and power plants." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of blast furnace this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Inner working volume (large ironmaking furnaces)", "typical_range": "1000-6000", "unit": "m³" }, { "quantity": "Inner working volume (mini blast furnaces)", "typical_range": "50-350", "unit": "m³" }, { "quantity": "Hearth diameter (modern large furnaces)", "typical_range": "8-16", "unit": "m" }, { "quantity": "Hot-metal production rate (large furnaces)", "typical_range": "2000-13000", "unit": "t/d" }, { "quantity": "Hot-blast temperature", "typical_range": "1000-1300", "unit": "°C" }, { "quantity": "Hot-metal tapping temperature", "typical_range": "1420-1520", "unit": "°C" }, { "quantity": "Coke rate with pulverized-coal injection", "typical_range": "280-400", "unit": "kg/t hot metal" }, { "quantity": "Pulverized-coal injection rate", "typical_range": "100-250", "unit": "kg/t hot metal" }, { "quantity": "Furnace productivity on working volume", "typical_range": "1.8-3.0", "unit": "t/(m³·d)" }, { "quantity": "Slag rate (ore-dependent)", "typical_range": "150-350", "unit": "kg/t hot metal" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of blast furnace this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Hearth, tap-hole or runner breakout of liquid iron or slag", "Steam explosion when cooling water leaks into the hearth or bosh", "Carbon monoxide poisoning and asphyxiation from blast-furnace gas", "Tuyere burnout, raceway collapse or cooling-stave failure", "Burden hanging and sudden slipping, with pressure and temperature excursions", "Scaffolding and wall accretion that distort gas flow and may detach as a slip", "Explosion in the hot-blast system, gas main or dust-cleaning plant", "Chilled hearth (frozen deadman) that stops tapping", "Cyanide and ammonia in gas-cleaning effluent; dust and high process CO2 as routine environmental burdens" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of blast furnace this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Brazil still operates charcoal-based pig-iron blast furnaces, unlike the coke-based fleet that dominates Europe, Japan, Korea and North America.", "India uses the trade term mini blast furnace for a large population of small ironmaking shafts; the same size class is uncommon in Western Europe.", "China has the world's largest installed blast-furnace capacity and a distinct national design code practice (GB 50427).", "Japan and Korea run a small number of very large, high-injection, high-productivity furnaces; North America has a shrinking set of large furnaces at remaining integrated mills.", "Ordinary-language names differ: English blast furnace, German Hochofen, French haut-fourneau, Spanish alto horno, Russian domennaia pech, Chinese and Japanese 高炉." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of blast furnace this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Direct-reduction shaft furnace (Midrex, HYL/Energiron)", "difference": "Reduces ore in the solid state with a reducing gas; the product is solid DRI or HBI, not continuously tapped liquid hot metal, and coke is not the primary reductant." }, { "name": "Cupola furnace", "difference": "A foundry shaft that melts a metallic charge (scrap, pig iron, returns) with coke; it is not an ore-reduction furnace and is much smaller and usually intermittent." }, { "name": "Basic oxygen furnace (converter)", "difference": "Refines already liquid hot metal by blowing oxygen; it does not smelt ore and is not a shaft furnace." }, { "name": "Bloomery", "difference": "A batch, low-shaft bloomery yields a solid iron bloom and does not run a continuous liquid tap or a true counter-current coke-ore burden under hot blast." }, { "name": "Smelting-reduction plant (Corex, Finex)", "difference": "Uses a melter-gasifier and a separate reduction shaft or fluidised bed; it is not a single coke-charged blast furnace even though it makes liquid hot metal." }, { "name": "Submerged-arc furnace", "difference": "An electric slag-resistance furnace used for many ferroalloys; heat comes from electrodes, not from a hot-air blast through coke." }, { "name": "Hot-blast stove (Cowper stove)", "difference": "A regenerative heat exchanger that supplies the blast; it is an auxiliary to the furnace, not the smelting shaft itself." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of blast furnace this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the authoritative registry or an existing world model cover historical charcoal furnaces and non-ferrous blast furnaces under this same concept, requiring extensions within this entry?", "Which equipment boundaries should be standard across installations, particularly for charging systems, bustle pipes, cooling circuits, taphole equipment and cast-house runners?", "Which primary technical references establish the recognition criteria and distinguish blast furnaces from cupolas, bloomeries and direct-reduction shafts across historical variants?", "Which furnace-specific operating envelopes, transition procedures and condition thresholds can be supported by approved plant or manufacturer evidence?", "How should hearth inventory, lining wear and internal process-zone estimates be validated and compared when installations use different instruments and estimation methods?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 7, "layers": 13, "findings": 20, "questions": 42 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a blast furnace, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a blast furnace, assess its operating and physical condition, and identify actions supported by its configuration, evidence and operating authority.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Raschet Blast Furnace, fuming blast-furnace, Water jacket furnace, charcoal blast furnace, cold blast.", "5 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 60 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a blast furnace, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Raschet Blast Furnace", "fuming blast-furnace", "Water jacket furnace", "charcoal blast furnace", "cold blast" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 60 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 5 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one blast furnace from another, and a blast furnace from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a blast furnace, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a blast furnace, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a blast furnace is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a blast furnace, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a blast furnace, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a blast furnace is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a blast furnace sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a blast furnace, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a blast furnace, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a blast furnace is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a blast furnace from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a blast furnace, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a blast furnace, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a blast furnace is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a blast furnace is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a blast furnace, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a blast furnace, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a blast furnace is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a blast furnace is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a blast furnace, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a blast furnace, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a blast furnace is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a blast furnace is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a blast furnace, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a blast furnace, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a blast furnace is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a blast furnace is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a blast furnace is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a blast furnace, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a blast furnace, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a blast furnace is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a blast furnace is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a blast furnace, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a blast furnace, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a blast furnace is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a blast furnace passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a blast furnace between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a blast furnace, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a blast furnace, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a blast furnace is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a blast furnace, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a blast furnace is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a blast furnace, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a blast furnace, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a blast furnace is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What blast furnace is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does blast furnace perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise blast furnace, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How blast furnace is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does blast furnace have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does blast furnace need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about blast furnace is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about blast furnace hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern blast furnace, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a blast furnace came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a blast furnace and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a blast furnace, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a blast furnace, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a blast furnace is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a blast furnace is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a blast furnace, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a blast furnace, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a blast furnace is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }