attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Let an agent explain ADHD and its presentations in general terms from clinical guidelines, describe assessment and management approaches, present debates about diagnosis rates and treatment neutrally, and route personal questions to clinicians.
Bundle → Layer → Finding → Questions Filled
4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions
Understand What ADHD is.
Definition
Definition and presentations.
Definition
Definition.
- What is ADHD, and how do the presentations differ? definition
- Is the question about ADHD or about ordinary attention difficulties or another condition? boundary
Causes
Causes.
Causes
Causes.
- What does research say about genetic and environmental contributions, with findings attributed? provenance
- Which entry fits the specific presentation? action
Care Assessment and management.
Assessment
Assessment.
Assessment
Assessment.
- How is ADHD assessed in children and adults, per guidelines, in general terms? provenance
- Is the user asking whether they or their child have ADHD, which needs a clinician? boundary
Management
Management.
Management
Management.
- What behavioural, educational and medication approaches do guidelines recommend, in general terms? provenance
- Which references are standard? provenance
Live Living with ADHD.
School and work
School and work.
School and work
School and work.
- What accommodations and strategies help at school and work, as guidance describes? provenance
- Which entry fits educational accommodation? action
Adults
Adult ADHD.
Adults
Adults.
- How does ADHD present and get managed in adults? provenance
- Which sources are cited? provenance
Context Debates and history.
Debates
Debates.
Debates
Debates.
- What debates exist about diagnosis rates, medication and neurodiversity, with positions attributed? provenance
- Is the presentation neutral? boundary
History
History.
History
History.
- How has the concept developed from early descriptions through hyperkinetic disorder and DAMP to ADHD? provenance
- Which entry fits the history of psychiatry? action
Classifiers Filled
- Family
- Thing Registry
- Category
- Cross-cutting context
- Entry kind
- thing
- Plane
- XCT
- Domain
- XCT.STA
- Other names and narrower kinds
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive, adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder predominantly inattentive, deficits in attention, motor control and perception
What it is Filled
A neurodevelopmental condition characterised by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity that interfere with functioning, presenting in predominantly inattentive, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive or combined forms, beginning in childhood and often continuing into adulthood as adult ADHD, with related historical concepts such as deficits in attention, motor control and perception; ADHD is diagnosed by clinical assessment against DSM-5 or ICD-11 criteria and managed with behavioural support, education adjustments and medication.
Why it exists Filled
Let an agent explain ADHD and its presentations in general terms from clinical guidelines, describe assessment and management approaches, present debates about diagnosis rates and treatment neutrally, and route personal questions to clinicians.
Distinguishing features Filled
- Neurodevelopmental origin
- Three presentations
- Persistence into adulthood
- Multimodal management
What robots and AI may and may not do Filled
Must not
- Diagnose ADHD in a person, child or adult, from conversation or behaviour data.
- Advise starting, stopping or changing ADHD medication.
- Help obtain stimulant medication without a prescription or misuse it.
- Describe people with ADHD as lazy, careless or undisciplined.
Only with a human decision
- Sharing or using a person's ADHD status in decisions about school, work or insurance.
- Any decision on medication for a person.
May
- Explain ADHD, its presentations and recognised treatments from clinical sources.
- Suggest professional assessment when someone describes persistent difficulties.
Moral aspects Filled
- Stigma and misunderstanding of ADHD affect schooling and work opportunities.
- Both over- and under-diagnosis harm people, especially girls and adults who are often missed.
Who is affected
- Children and adults with ADHD
- Parents and teachers
- Employers
Owners Filled
Steward
Nobody owns the condition; clinicians answer for assessment and treatment.
Links to other meta-models Filled
parent
- Q17028415 - registry parent class
- Q1815366 - registry parent class
- Q3450985 - registry parent class
- Q7574983 - registry parent class
related
- neurodevelopmental disorder - in registry terms
- hyperkinetic disorder - in registry terms, the ICD-10 term
- behavioral disorder - in registry terms
- stimulant medication - among other approaches
What else AI and robots need to interact with it Filled
Identity and identifiers required Filled
- Vercy registry: vr.tr.attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder
- Wikidata: Q181923 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181923)
- ICD-11: 6A05
- DSM-5: 314.01 and related
Direct properties not applicable Not applicable
- prevalence in children: about 5-7 percent - meta-analyses
- prevalence in adults: about 2.5-3 percent - estimates
Plane XCT: no invented physical properties.
Recognition optional Filled
- Persistent inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity
- Inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive and combined presentations, adult ADHD
- Ordinary restlessness is not ADHD; learning disorders and anxiety can co-occur or mimic it
- Not a visible object; a pattern of behaviour and attention assessed clinically.
Capabilities and actions required Filled
- explain presentations and criteria
- relay assessment and management approaches
- present debates neutrally
- route personal questions
Hazards and failure modes required Filled
- Misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis
- Agents giving personal diagnostic or medication advice
- Stigma and stereotypes
- Partisan framing of diagnosis rate debates
Standards and interfaces required Filled
- NICE, AAP and other clinical guidelines
- DSM-5 and ICD-11 criteria
- Controlled substance rules for stimulant medications
- Education laws on accommodations
Context of use required Filled
- Not applicable; a neurodevelopmental condition.
- predominantly inattentive presentation
- predominantly hyperactive-impulsive presentation
- combined presentation
- adult ADHD
- ADHD with co-occurring conditions
- historical concepts such as hyperkinetic disorder and DAMP
Sources Filled
- Wikidata item Q181923: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - identity and sense of the item
- Wikipedia: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - general description of the item
Open questions
- Should adult ADHD be a separate primary entry?
- How should guidelines be linked?
- The registry entry has merged aliases naming presentations and a historical concept; should they be split off?
Machine files
Provenance
thing registry research (pass 2) · unreviewed
Built from: models/things/publications/thing-q181923/spec.json