{ "model": { "rank": 3188, "code": "thing-q181923", "model_id": "vr.tr.attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder", "name": "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder", "purpose": "Let an agent explain ADHD and its presentations in general terms from clinical guidelines, describe assessment and management approaches, present debates about diagnosis rates and treatment neutrally, and route personal questions to clinicians.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.STA", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q181923/", "tier": 2, "score": 89, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive", "adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder", "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder predominantly inattentive", "deficits in attention, motor control and perception" ], "aliasCount": 4, "merged": 4, "knownIn": 89, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q181923", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181923", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T01:57:21Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 3, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q181923", "registryId": "vr.tr.attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder", "name": "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder", "version": "0.2.0-wave.3", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.STA" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q181923/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder", "name": "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder", "purpose": "Let an agent explain ADHD and its presentations in general terms from clinical guidelines, describe assessment and management approaches, present debates about diagnosis rates and treatment neutrally, and route personal questions to clinicians.", "definition": "A neurodevelopmental condition characterised by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity that interfere with functioning, presenting in predominantly inattentive, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive or combined forms, beginning in childhood and often continuing into adulthood as adult ADHD, with related historical concepts such as deficits in attention, motor control and perception; ADHD is diagnosed by clinical assessment against DSM-5 or ICD-11 criteria and managed with behavioural support, education adjustments and medication.", "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a neurodevelopmental condition.", "affordances": [ "explain presentations and criteria", "relay assessment and management approaches", "present debates neutrally", "route personal questions" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Neurodevelopmental origin", "Three presentations", "Persistence into adulthood", "Multimodal management" ], "appearance": "Not a visible object; a pattern of behaviour and attention assessed clinically.", "visual_identification": [ "Persistent inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity", "Inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive and combined presentations, adult ADHD", "Ordinary restlessness is not ADHD; learning disorders and anxiety can co-occur or mimic it" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "prevalence in children", "typical_range": "about 5-7", "unit": "percent", "note": "meta-analyses" }, { "quantity": "prevalence in adults", "typical_range": "about 2.5-3", "unit": "percent", "note": "estimates" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "predominantly inattentive presentation", "predominantly hyperactive-impulsive presentation", "combined presentation", "adult ADHD", "ADHD with co-occurring conditions", "historical concepts such as hyperkinetic disorder and DAMP" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "neurodevelopmental disorder", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "hyperkinetic disorder", "why": "in registry terms, the ICD-10 term" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "behavioral disorder", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is treated with", "target": "stimulant medication", "why": "among other approaches" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "ICD-11", "value_or_pattern": "6A05", "note": "" }, { "scheme": "DSM-5", "value_or_pattern": "314.01 and related", "note": "" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "NICE, AAP and other clinical guidelines", "DSM-5 and ICD-11 criteria", "Controlled substance rules for stimulant medications", "Education laws on accommodations" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis", "Agents giving personal diagnostic or medication advice", "Stigma and stereotypes", "Partisan framing of diagnosis rate debates" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What ADHD is.", "rationale": "Clinical.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition and presentations.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is ADHD, and how do the presentations differ?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about ADHD or about ordinary attention difficulties or another condition?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "causes", "name": "Causes", "description": "Causes.", "findings": [ { "id": "causes-finding", "name": "Causes", "description": "Causes.", "questions": [ { "text": "What does research say about genetic and environmental contributions, with findings attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific presentation?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "care", "name": "Care", "description": "Assessment and management.", "rationale": "Clinical.", "layers": [ { "id": "assessment", "name": "Assessment", "description": "Assessment.", "findings": [ { "id": "assessment-finding", "name": "Assessment", "description": "Assessment.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is ADHD assessed in children and adults, per guidelines, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the user asking whether they or their child have ADHD, which needs a clinician?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "management", "name": "Management", "description": "Management.", "findings": [ { "id": "management-finding", "name": "Management", "description": "Management.", "questions": [ { "text": "What behavioural, educational and medication approaches do guidelines recommend, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "live", "name": "Live", "description": "Living with ADHD.", "rationale": "Practice.", "layers": [ { "id": "school", "name": "School and work", "description": "School and work.", "findings": [ { "id": "school-finding", "name": "School and work", "description": "School and work.", "questions": [ { "text": "What accommodations and strategies help at school and work, as guidance describes?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits educational accommodation?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "adults", "name": "Adults", "description": "Adult ADHD.", "findings": [ { "id": "adults-finding", "name": "Adults", "description": "Adults.", "questions": [ { "text": "How does ADHD present and get managed in adults?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "Debates and history.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "debates", "name": "Debates", "description": "Debates.", "findings": [ { "id": "debates-finding", "name": "Debates", "description": "Debates.", "questions": [ { "text": "What debates exist about diagnosis rates, medication and neurodiversity, with positions attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation neutral?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "How has the concept developed from early descriptions through hyperkinetic disorder and DAMP to ADHD?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the history of psychiatry?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should adult ADHD be a separate primary entry?", "How should guidelines be linked?", "The registry entry has merged aliases naming presentations and a historical concept; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "disease or condition", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain ADHD and its presentations in general terms from clinical guidelines, describe assessment and management approaches, present debates about diagnosis rates and treatment neutrally, and route personal questions to clinicians.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive, adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder predominantly inattentive, deficits in attention, motor control and perception.", "4 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 89 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by criteria applied to signs and findings, not by appearance. Two conditions can look identical and be distinguished only by test." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive", "adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder", "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder predominantly inattentive", "deficits in attention, motor control and perception" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 89 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 4 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one attention deficit hyperactivity disorder from another, and a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "diagnosis-and-criteria", "name": "Diagnosis, criteria and coding", "description": "What makes a case of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder a case, and under which revision.", "rationale": "Criteria change between revisions, so a diagnosis without its coding revision cannot be compared with a later one.", "layers": [ { "id": "criteria", "name": "Diagnostic criteria", "description": "The criteria in force and who issues them.", "findings": [ { "id": "criteria-record", "name": "Criteria, issuer and revision", "description": "What must be true for a diagnosis, according to whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "criteria-record-q01", "text": "What criteria define attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, issued by which body, in which revision?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "criteria-record-q02", "text": "What changed between revisions that would reclassify existing cases?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "coding", "name": "Coding and terminology", "description": "The codes used to record it and their mapping.", "findings": [ { "id": "coding-record", "name": "Codes and mappings", "description": "Which classification codes apply and how they map.", "questions": [ { "id": "coding-record-q01", "text": "Which classification and terminology codes cover attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and how do they map to each other?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "coding-record-q02", "text": "What is lost when a case is mapped from one scheme to another?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "course-and-population", "name": "Course, population and care", "description": "How attention deficit hyperactivity disorder develops, whom it affects, and what is done about it.", "rationale": "The condition, the diagnosis and the episode of care are three different things, and an agent must not merge them.", "layers": [ { "id": "course", "name": "Course and stages", "description": "Onset, progression, remission and outcome.", "findings": [ { "id": "course-record", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages recorded and what moves a case between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "course-record-q01", "text": "What course does attention deficit hyperactivity disorder typically take, and what marks each stage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "course-record-q02", "text": "What separates the condition itself from an episode of care for it?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "population", "name": "Affected populations", "description": "Who is affected, how often, and on what evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "epidemiology", "name": "Prevalence and its basis", "description": "Rates with their population, period and source.", "questions": [ { "id": "epidemiology-q01", "text": "What prevalence or incidence is reported for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, in which population and period?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "epidemiology-q02", "text": "What may an agent not conclude about an individual from a population rate?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }