{ "model": { "rank": 5312, "code": "thing-q182573", "model_id": "vr.tr.liger", "name": "liger", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a liger, assess the evidence and welfare needs of an individual, and determine which care, movement or reproductive actions require specialist review.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.LIV", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q182573/", "tier": 2, "score": 68, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 68, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q182573", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182573", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T22:06:35Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 15.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08834-6477-7bd1-902c-cfa62a9dd229\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: liger\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.LIV\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 registere", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 65.7, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08834-6468-7bc2-9884-6c0efb43de32\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: liger\nRegistry id: vr.tr.liger\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.LIV\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext for " } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q182573", "registryId": "vr.tr.liger", "name": "liger", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.LIV" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q182573/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.liger", "name": "liger", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a liger, assess the evidence and welfare needs of an individual, and determine which care, movement or reproductive actions require specialist review.", "definition": "A liger is the hybrid offspring of a male lion (Panthera leo) and a female tiger (Panthera tigris), known from captive breeding and not recognized as a separate species.", "scope_statement": "This model owns vr.tr.liger as the category of hybrid offspring of a male lion and a female tiger, together with the records needed to assess individual ligers; it does not treat the category as an independently accepted species.", "in_scope": [ "Directional lion-tiger parentage and the evidence supporting identification", "Individual identity, ancestry, birth circumstances and custody history", "Life stage, sex, growth, phenotype and individual health", "Managed habitat, behaviour, social compatibility and welfare", "Reproductive assessment and constraints on care, breeding and movement" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Lion and tiger species accounts, including their complete taxonomy and conservation assessments", "Tigons, the reciprocal hybrids of male tigers and female lions", "Backcross descendants and other big-cat hybrids as categories requiring separate identification", "Zoo organisations, enclosure construction and veterinary procedures as independent models", "Meat, skins, trophies and other products derived from an animal" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "A supported identification requires a male lion parent and a female tiger parent; reversing those parents identifies a tigon.", "Large size, stripes or a mane can support a phenotype description but cannot independently establish liger parentage.", "The label identifies a hybrid category rather than an independently accepted species with its own assumed binomial authority.", "An offspring with a hybrid parent requires explicit ancestry assessment rather than automatic classification as a first-generation liger.", "A particular liger is an individual animal; its health, location and reproductive state cannot be inferred from the hybrid category alone." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Identification confidence", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "reported | documented parentage | genetically supported | disputed | unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Prevents appearance, publicity or an inherited label from being treated as verified ancestry." }, { "name": "Directional parentage", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "sire linked to lion identification; dam linked to tiger identification; evidence attached to each", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes ligers from tigons and other hybrid ancestries." }, { "name": "Taxonomic reference mapping", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "verified parent-taxon names, authorities and identifiers; hybrid reference identifiers only where explicitly supported", "why_it_matters": "Allows reference-system interoperability without inventing species status or identifiers." }, { "name": "Birth and custody provenance", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "birth date or interval, birthplace, breeding circumstances, parent records and dated custodians", "why_it_matters": "Connects identity claims to traceable records and establishes responsibility for care." }, { "name": "Sex and reproductive assessment", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "recorded sex, determination method, reproductive maturity, reproductive interventions and fertility evidence", "why_it_matters": "Supports individual assessment without assuming fertility from sex or hybrid status." }, { "name": "Age and life stage", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "age in days or years with uncertainty; dependent juvenile | growing juvenile | adult | ageing adult", "why_it_matters": "Places growth, behaviour and care requirements in developmental context." }, { "name": "Body mass trajectory", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "kg, dated measurements and measurement method", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of growth and changes in condition without equating size with health." }, { "name": "Phenotype", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "documented coat markings, colour, mane development and body proportions with dated images", "why_it_matters": "Supports individual recognition and comparison while keeping appearance separate from ancestry evidence." }, { "name": "Functional health and welfare", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "dated assessments of body condition, mobility, pain, feeding, behaviour and veterinary concerns", "why_it_matters": "Makes observed needs actionable without assigning every problem to hybrid ancestry." }, { "name": "Managed habitat and social setting", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "current enclosure, climate provisions, retreat access, enrichment and individually identified companions", "why_it_matters": "Connects the animal's actual capacities and preferences to its care environment." } ], "affordances": [ "Compare parentage records and specialist genetic evidence to classify a reported liger or flag unresolved identification.", "Track growth, condition and mobility over time and flag changes for veterinary assessment.", "Assess enclosure and handling provisions against the individual's measured size, behaviour and functional needs.", "Review enrichment and social arrangements using observed preferences, avoidance and compatibility.", "Prepare evidence for a proposed transfer, breeding restriction or reproductive assessment, including welfare and jurisdictional requirements." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "hybrid-identity", "name": "Hybrid identity", "description": "Establishes what the liger designation means and whether it applies to the animal being assessed.", "rationale": "The direction of the lion-tiger cross defines the category, while appearance alone leaves substantial room for misidentification.", "layers": [ { "id": "parental-direction", "name": "Parental direction", "description": "Tests the defining parentage relationship.", "findings": [ { "id": "lion-sire-tiger-dam", "name": "Lion sire and tiger dam", "description": "A liger identification depends on a male lion parent and a female tiger parent, with uncertainty retained when either relationship lacks support.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which records establish that the sire was a lion and the dam a tiger?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "lion-sire-tiger-dam-q01" }, { "text": "Does the evidence instead indicate a tigon, a backcross descendant or unresolved hybrid ancestry?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "lion-sire-tiger-dam-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "category-and-reference-mapping", "name": "Category and reference mapping", "description": "Separates the hybrid category, reference-system labels and individual identity.", "findings": [ { "id": "hybrid-not-species-assumption", "name": "Hybrid designation without assumed species status", "description": "Reference names and identifiers must preserve the hybrid meaning rather than imply an independently accepted species or copy identifiers from a parent taxon.", "questions": [ { "text": "How does each consulted taxonomic authority represent the liger designation, if it represents it at all?", "kind": "definition", "id": "hybrid-not-species-assumption-q01" }, { "text": "Which verified GBIF or NCBI records refer to the hybrid, and which refer only to its parental taxa?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "hybrid-not-species-assumption-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "individual-origin-and-history", "name": "Individual origin and history", "description": "Connects an individual liger to its birth, ancestry evidence and subsequent custody.", "rationale": "A hybrid label is insufficient for recognising the same animal across facilities or evaluating claims about its origins.", "layers": [ { "id": "birth-and-identification", "name": "Birth and identification", "description": "Establishes a traceable individual record.", "findings": [ { "id": "traceable-birth-record", "name": "Traceable birth record", "description": "Birth records, parent identifiers and persistent individual identifiers anchor later observations to a particular animal.", "questions": [ { "text": "What birth date, facility, parent identifiers and individual identifier are supported by original records?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "traceable-birth-record-q01" }, { "text": "Which names, photographs or identification devices demonstrate continuity when records use different animal names?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "traceable-birth-record-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "location-and-population-boundaries", "name": "Location and population boundaries", "description": "Distinguishes an individual's residence from geographic and population claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "residence-is-not-native-range", "name": "Residence is not native range", "description": "Facility locations and custody transfers describe individual histories; they do not establish a native range or a self-sustaining population.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where has this animal lived, and which dated transfer records support that history?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "residence-is-not-native-range-q01" }, { "text": "Does a claimed occurrence describe a managed individual, an escape or evidence of an established population?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "residence-is-not-native-range-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "development-and-physical-condition", "name": "Development and physical condition", "description": "Assesses growth, sexual development, phenotype and functional health in the individual.", "rationale": "Liger assessment must distinguish conspicuous size and mixed parental features from evidence of healthy development.", "layers": [ { "id": "growth-and-sexual-development", "name": "Growth and sexual development", "description": "Interprets measurements and appearance in relation to age and recorded sex.", "findings": [ { "id": "individual-growth-trajectory", "name": "Individual growth trajectory", "description": "Repeated measurements provide a basis for assessing growth; claims about exceptional size require dated evidence and an appropriate comparison.", "questions": [ { "text": "How have measured mass, dimensions and body condition changed with age?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "individual-growth-trajectory-q01" }, { "text": "Which coat, mane and body-form changes are documented for this animal, and what evidence supports any interpretation as sexual dimorphism?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "individual-growth-trajectory-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "health-and-functional-capacity", "name": "Health and functional capacity", "description": "Connects physical condition to mobility, comfort and care.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-over-size-claims", "name": "Function alongside size", "description": "Health assessment requires individual clinical and behavioural evidence rather than an inference from large body size or hybrid identity.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do current examinations and observations show about gait, pain, body condition and feeding ability?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "function-over-size-claims-q01" }, { "text": "Which observed changes require veterinary review or adjustments to access, feeding and activity?", "kind": "action", "id": "function-over-size-claims-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "managed-environment-and-welfare", "name": "Managed environment and welfare", "description": "Relates enclosure conditions, social arrangements and human interactions to the individual's needs.", "rationale": "A liger's care requirements cannot be selected by simply copying either a lion or a tiger husbandry profile.", "layers": [ { "id": "environmental-fit", "name": "Environmental fit", "description": "Assesses whether the managed environment supports the animal's actual size, mobility and behavioural choices.", "findings": [ { "id": "individual-enclosure-fit", "name": "Individual enclosure fit", "description": "Usable space, barriers, access routes and enrichment require assessment against measured capabilities and observed use.", "questions": [ { "text": "Can this animal comfortably use its resting places, access routes, feeding areas and available enrichment?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "individual-enclosure-fit-q01" }, { "text": "Which environmental changes would address documented limits in mobility, retreat or behavioural choice?", "kind": "action", "id": "individual-enclosure-fit-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "social-and-human-interactions", "name": "Social and human interactions", "description": "Assesses compatibility and interaction practices through observation.", "findings": [ { "id": "observed-social-preferences", "name": "Observed social preferences", "description": "Companionship and handling decisions require evidence about the individual rather than assumptions derived from either parent's typical social behaviour.", "questions": [ { "text": "What observations show affiliation, avoidance, conflict or distress around each companion and during human interactions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "observed-social-preferences-q01" }, { "text": "What separation options and interaction changes are needed when compatibility or welfare concerns arise?", "kind": "action", "id": "observed-social-preferences-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "reproduction-and-decision-constraints", "name": "Reproduction and decision constraints", "description": "Supports evidence-based decisions about reproduction, movement and conservation claims.", "rationale": "Hybrid ancestry raises classification and management questions that cannot be resolved by assuming fertility, legal status or conservation value.", "layers": [ { "id": "reproductive-evidence", "name": "Reproductive evidence", "description": "Separates sex, maturity, reproductive capacity and offspring ancestry.", "findings": [ { "id": "fertility-requires-assessment", "name": "Fertility requires assessment", "description": "The record distinguishes reproductive observations and specialist assessments from general claims about hybrid fertility.", "questions": [ { "text": "What individual evidence supports the recorded reproductive status, including examinations, interventions or documented offspring?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "fertility-requires-assessment-q01" }, { "text": "If offspring exist or reproduction is proposed, how would their ancestry differ from the defining lion-sire and tiger-dam cross?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "fertility-requires-assessment-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "authorised-management", "name": "Authorised management", "description": "Identifies the evidence and applicable constraints for consequential decisions.", "findings": [ { "id": "action-specific-review", "name": "Action-specific review", "description": "Movement and breeding decisions require current jurisdictional requirements, individual welfare evidence and explicit scrutiny of any conservation rationale.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which current requirements apply to possessing, transporting or breeding this particular hybrid in the relevant jurisdictions?", "kind": "action", "id": "action-specific-review-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence supports any claimed conservation role, and has a parental species assessment been incorrectly attributed to the liger category?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "action-specific-review-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This describes a hybrid category, not a species, population or particular individual; a separate taxonomic authority, native range and species-level IUCN assessment should not be assumed.", "Exact taxonomy database identifiers and jurisdiction-specific captive-wildlife rules require verification.", "Reported size extremes, health outcomes and fertility frequencies need checked evidence; exceptional captive individuals should not define typical measurements." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of liger this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Zoological hybrid parentage notation", "value_or_pattern": "Panthera leo ♂ × Panthera tigris ♀", "note": "Identifies the parental species and direction of the cross; it is not an accepted species binomial." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of liger this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Kept in captivity for exhibition.", "Studied as examples of interspecific hybridization, growth and hybrid fertility." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of liger this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Adult size and predatory capabilities pose serious handling and containment hazards.", "Male ligers are generally sterile; some female ligers have reproduced through backcrossing.", "Large body size can complicate husbandry and veterinary care.", "Treating ligers as a species can misrepresent their taxonomy and conservation significance." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of liger this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "tigon", "difference": "A tigon has a male tiger and a female lion as parents, reversing the liger's parental cross." }, { "name": "lion", "difference": "Panthera leo is a species and the liger's paternal species; a liger has mixed lion and tiger parentage." }, { "name": "tiger", "difference": "Panthera tigris is a species and the liger's maternal species; a liger has mixed lion and tiger parentage." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of liger this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which authoritative references explicitly recognise the liger hybrid designation, and what names, authorities, dates and GBIF or NCBI identifiers do they actually supply?", "Which genetic methods can reliably establish lion-tiger ancestry, parental direction and possible backcross ancestry when breeding records are incomplete?", "What sufficiently documented longitudinal evidence exists for liger growth, longevity, sexual dimorphism and health, and how much is confounded by husbandry or selective reporting?", "What evidence supports sex-specific reproductive expectations, and where is individual specialist assessment still necessary?", "Do any formal conservation assessments address ligers directly, and what evidence distinguishes such assessments from those of lions and tigers?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 15, "questions": 25 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "organism", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a liger, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise a liger, assess the evidence and welfare needs of an individual, and determine which care, movement or reproductive actions require specialist review.", "characteristics": { "substance": "living", "origin": "natural", "agency": "autonomous", "mobility": "self-moving" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 68 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a liger, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a living thing", "physicalCharacter": [ "Moves under its own power or of its own accord.", "Acts on its own behalf.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by diagnostic characters, and those differ by life stage - the young of many kinds are mistaken for other kinds entirely. A sighting is settled by characters, a photograph and a place, not by a name alone." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 68 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one liger from another, and a liger from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a liger, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a liger, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a liger is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a liger, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a liger, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a liger is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a liger sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a liger, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a liger, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a liger is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a liger from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a liger, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a liger, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a liger is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a liger is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a liger, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a liger, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a liger is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Anatomy, parts and life stage.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and life stages", "description": "The parts of a liger and the stages it passes through.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a liger, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a liger, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a liger is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a liger is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a liger, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a liger, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a liger is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a liger is, how it got there and where it may go (self-moving).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a liger is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a liger, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a liger, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a liger is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a liger moves on its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a liger, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a liger, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a liger is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a liger passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a liger between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a liger, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a liger, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a liger is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a liger, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a liger is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a liger, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a liger, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a liger is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "taxonomic-placement", "name": "Taxonomic placement and identification", "description": "What liger is called scientifically, by whose authority, and how a specimen is recognised.", "rationale": "Names change with revisions while the organism does not, so a name without its authority and date cannot be reconciled later.", "layers": [ { "id": "accepted-name", "name": "Accepted name and synonymy", "description": "The current binomial, its author and date, and the names it replaced.", "findings": [ { "id": "name-and-authority", "name": "Accepted name, authority and synonyms", "description": "What to record so a later revision can be applied without losing the old data.", "questions": [ { "id": "name-and-authority-q01", "text": "What is the accepted scientific name of liger, with its author and year, and which synonyms does it absorb?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "name-and-authority-q02", "text": "Which taxonomic authority is being followed, and what would a competing authority say?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "field-identification", "name": "Field identification", "description": "The characters that separate liger from what it is confused with.", "findings": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters", "name": "Diagnostic characters and confusable kinds", "description": "Features that settle an identification, and those that only suggest it.", "questions": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q01", "text": "Which observable characters distinguish liger from its closest look-alikes, and at which life stage are they visible?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q02", "text": "What evidence is enough to record an identification as confirmed rather than provisional?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "life-cycle-and-condition", "name": "Life stages, condition and behaviour", "description": "What liger does over its life and how its state is judged.", "rationale": "Stage and condition change what may be done - handled, treated, harvested, left alone - and both are observations with a time.", "layers": [ { "id": "stages-and-reproduction", "name": "Stages and reproduction", "description": "Development from origin to death, including forms that look like different animals.", "findings": [ { "id": "life-stages", "name": "Life stages and their marks", "description": "The stages worth recording and what tells them apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "life-stages-q01", "text": "What stages does liger pass through, and what observable change marks each transition?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "life-stages-q02", "text": "Which stages are so unlike the adult that they are mistaken for another kind?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "health-and-condition", "name": "Health and condition", "description": "How condition is assessed and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition assessment", "description": "Signs of health, injury and stress, and who is competent to judge them.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "How is the condition of liger judged, on what scale, and by whom?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "What condition obliges an agent to act, and what act is permitted to whom?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "range-and-status", "name": "Habitat, range and conservation status", "description": "Where liger lives and how threatened it is.", "rationale": "Range and status govern what is lawful, and both are assessments with an assessor and a year rather than facts of nature.", "layers": [ { "id": "habitat-and-range", "name": "Habitat and range", "description": "Native range, introductions and the habitat it needs.", "findings": [ { "id": "range-record", "name": "Range, introductions and habitat", "description": "What to record about where it is found and how it got there.", "questions": [ { "id": "range-record-q01", "text": "What is the native range of liger, where has it been introduced, and what habitat does it require?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "range-record-q02", "text": "What distinguishes a native record from an introduced or vagrant one?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "protection-status", "name": "Protection and legal status", "description": "Conservation assessments and the rules that follow from them.", "findings": [ { "id": "status-and-rules", "name": "Conservation status and legal consequence", "description": "The assessment, its date, and what it forbids or requires where.", "questions": [ { "id": "status-and-rules-q01", "text": "What conservation status does liger hold, under which assessment and year?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "status-and-rules-q02", "text": "What does that status forbid or require of an agent, and in which jurisdiction?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a liger came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a liger and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a liger, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a liger, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a liger is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a liger is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a liger, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a liger, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a liger is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }