{ "model": { "rank": 4519, "code": "thing-q182717", "model_id": "vr.tr.antiparticle", "name": "antiparticle", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to identify an antiparticle relative to its particle counterpart, assess evidence for its identity and state, and determine physically supported interactions or handling actions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q182717/", "tier": 2, "score": 74, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "antilepton" ], "aliasCount": 1, "merged": 1, "knownIn": 74, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q182717", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182717", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:24:26Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 22.5, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087d7-06cf-7a12-bca8-be942ce6c41b\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: antiparticle\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.OBJ\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 re", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 56.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087d7-05ea-76c0-be6b-0bb186ca1ed4\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: antiparticle\nRegistry id: vr.tr.antiparticle\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q182717", "registryId": "vr.tr.antiparticle", "name": "antiparticle", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q182717/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.antiparticle", "name": "antiparticle", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to identify an antiparticle relative to its particle counterpart, assess evidence for its identity and state, and determine physically supported interactions or handling actions.", "definition": "An antiparticle is the counterpart of a particle species with the same mass and spin but opposite additive internal quantum numbers, including electric charge when nonzero; some neutral particles are their own antiparticles.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the physical sense of antiparticle in vr.tr.antiparticle: the conjugate counterpart of an elementary or composite particle, including distinctions between species properties, individual states, and experimentally inferred identity.", "in_scope": [ "Particle-antiparticle correspondence and the quantum numbers that establish it", "Distinct antiparticles and particles that are their own antiparticles", "Elementary antiparticles and composite antiparticles such as antiprotons", "Measured properties, preparation conditions, and evidence supporting identification", "Production, annihilation, decay, and confinement conditions relevant to antiparticles" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Bulk antimatter materials and antiatom assemblies as independently modelled systems", "Complete particle taxonomy and general quantum field theory", "Accelerators, detectors, and particle traps as devices", "Cosmological explanations of the matter-antimatter imbalance", "Antiparticle-like quasiparticles in materials unless explicitly linked as analogues" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Establish a conjugate relationship to a specified particle species; opposite electric charge alone does not establish an antiparticle pair.", "Check corresponding mass and spin together with reversed additive internal quantum numbers, separating theoretical expectations from measurement precision.", "For electrically neutral species, examine other quantum numbers and conjugation properties; neutrality alone does not imply that a particle is its own antiparticle.", "Distinguish a physical antiparticle from a hole or other effective excitation whose antiparticle terminology belongs to a material-specific model.", "Treat annihilation as a possible interaction with appropriate counterparts, not as a requirement that every antiparticle immediately disappear in surrounding matter." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Counterpart species", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Named particle species with identifier and identification basis", "why_it_matters": "Antiparticle identity is relational and cannot be established from an isolated label." }, { "name": "Conjugacy status", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Distinct antiparticle; self-conjugate; unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Prevents an agent from assuming that every species has a physically distinct antiparticle." }, { "name": "Electric charge", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Elementary charge e, with uncertainty where measured", "why_it_matters": "Supports species identification and determines electric-field response, while remaining insufficient by itself to establish conjugacy." }, { "name": "Additive internal quantum numbers", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Named quantum numbers and signed values, with theoretical framework and applicability", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes conjugate species, including electrically neutral counterparts." }, { "name": "Rest mass", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "MeV/c² or GeV/c², including uncertainty or limits", "why_it_matters": "Supports identification and comparison with the counterpart without treating an expected equality as an exact experimental result." }, { "name": "Spin quantum number", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Nonnegative integer or half-integer s; angular momentum expressed using ħ", "why_it_matters": "Constrains the species assignment and distinguishes spin from a particular polarization state." }, { "name": "Composition", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Elementary or composite, with constituent description where applicable", "why_it_matters": "Separates intrinsic species identity from internal structure and possible bound-system behaviour." }, { "name": "Kinematic and preparation state", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Momentum in MeV/c, kinetic energy in MeV, polarization, and free, bound, or confined condition", "why_it_matters": "Determines which measurements, interactions, and manipulation methods are applicable." }, { "name": "Decay and survival behaviour", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mean lifetime or lower bound in seconds, with intrinsic decay separated from environmental loss", "why_it_matters": "Prevents annihilation or escape from being mistaken for intrinsic instability." } ], "affordances": [ "Resolve a candidate species to its particle counterpart and compare conjugate quantum numbers.", "Assess whether detector observations support an antiparticle assignment or leave competing interpretations.", "Check proposed production and annihilation channels against applicable conservation laws and available energy.", "Determine whether specified fields and preparation conditions support transport, confinement, or measurement.", "Compare particle and antiparticle measurements with uncertainties and explicit symmetry assumptions." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "conjugate-identity", "name": "Conjugate identity", "description": "Establishes what makes the registered thing an antiparticle and which counterpart gives that identity meaning.", "rationale": "An antiparticle cannot be recognised reliably through negative charge, a name prefix, or annihilation alone.", "layers": [ { "id": "counterpart-assignment", "name": "Counterpart assignment", "description": "Resolves the conjugate relationship and the level at which it is asserted.", "findings": [ { "id": "specified-conjugate-species", "name": "Specified conjugate species", "description": "Record the counterpart species and distinguish a species-level relationship from an association between individual detected particles.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which particle species is the conjugate counterpart, and what establishes that assignment?", "kind": "definition", "id": "specified-conjugate-species-q01" }, { "text": "Does the record describe a species, an individual detection, or an ensemble prepared as that species?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "specified-conjugate-species-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "neutrality-and-self-conjugacy", "name": "Neutrality and self-conjugacy", "description": "Separates electric neutrality from the question of whether conjugation yields a distinct species.", "findings": [ { "id": "distinct-or-self-conjugate", "name": "Distinct or self-conjugate", "description": "Record whether the counterpart is distinct, identical, or unresolved, with the relevant quantum numbers and evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which quantum numbers distinguish this species from its counterpart when electric charge is zero?", "kind": "definition", "id": "distinct-or-self-conjugate-q01" }, { "text": "Is self-conjugacy established, assumed within a stated theory, or experimentally unresolved?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "distinct-or-self-conjugate-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-composition", "name": "Properties and composition", "description": "Captures the properties needed to distinguish an antiparticle species and compare it with its counterpart.", "rationale": "Conjugation concerns specific properties; it does not mean that every observable simply changes sign.", "layers": [ { "id": "conjugate-property-comparison", "name": "Conjugate property comparison", "description": "Separates unchanged properties, reversed quantum numbers, and measured symmetry tests.", "findings": [ { "id": "mass-spin-and-quantum-numbers", "name": "Mass, spin, and quantum numbers", "description": "Record mass, spin, charge, and applicable additive internal quantum numbers alongside counterpart values and their evidential status.", "questions": [ { "text": "What mass, spin, electric charge, and additive internal quantum numbers identify this species?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "mass-spin-and-quantum-numbers-q01" }, { "text": "Which counterpart comparisons are measured, and which follow from assumptions such as CPT symmetry?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "mass-spin-and-quantum-numbers-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "elementary-and-composite-boundaries", "name": "Elementary and composite boundaries", "description": "Distinguishes elementary antiparticles from composite species and larger systems containing them.", "findings": [ { "id": "composition-and-system-membership", "name": "Composition and system membership", "description": "Record constituent structure where applicable and keep the identity of an antiparticle separate from a host antiatom or material.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the antiparticle elementary or composite, and what constituent description supports that classification?", "kind": "definition", "id": "composition-and-system-membership-q01" }, { "text": "Which observations concern the antiparticle itself, and which concern a bound system containing it?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "composition-and-system-membership-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "production-and-interactions", "name": "Production and interactions", "description": "Describes how the antiparticle can be produced, transformed, or lost through interactions.", "rationale": "Production, annihilation, scattering, and intrinsic decay require different conditions and must support different agent decisions.", "layers": [ { "id": "production-channels", "name": "Production channels", "description": "Records physically supported creation processes and the conditions needed for them.", "findings": [ { "id": "allowed-production-process", "name": "Allowed production process", "description": "Specify initial and final states, available energy, and applicable conservation constraints rather than assuming all production is simple pair creation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which documented processes produce this antiparticle, and what accompanying particles or recoil system are required?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "allowed-production-process-q01" }, { "text": "Does the proposed initial state provide sufficient energy and satisfy the applicable conservation laws?", "kind": "action", "id": "allowed-production-process-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "annihilation-decay-and-scattering", "name": "Annihilation, decay, and scattering", "description": "Distinguishes interaction outcomes and their dependence on counterpart, energy, and environment.", "findings": [ { "id": "interaction-dependent-fate", "name": "Interaction-dependent fate", "description": "Record annihilation partners and products separately from intrinsic decay, scattering, capture, and escape.", "questions": [ { "text": "For the specified collision partner and energy, which annihilation or scattering channels are supported by evidence?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "interaction-dependent-fate-q01" }, { "text": "Does an observed disappearance indicate intrinsic decay, annihilation, capture, or loss from the observation region?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "interaction-dependent-fate-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observation-and-control", "name": "Observation and control", "description": "Connects experimental signatures and preparation conditions to defensible identification and manipulation.", "rationale": "An antiparticle label must be supported by observations, and feasible control depends on species properties and physical state.", "layers": [ { "id": "identification-evidence", "name": "Identification evidence", "description": "Assesses how detector signals support an antiparticle assignment.", "findings": [ { "id": "discriminating-observables", "name": "Discriminating observables", "description": "Record the measured combination of charge response, momentum, timing, energy deposition, or reaction products used to distinguish candidate species.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which measured observables jointly distinguish this antiparticle from particles with similar detector signatures?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "discriminating-observables-q01" }, { "text": "What calibration, background estimate, and analysis source support the assignment and its uncertainty?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "discriminating-observables-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "preparation-and-confinement", "name": "Preparation and confinement", "description": "Determines which transport, storage, and measurement actions apply to the prepared antiparticle.", "findings": [ { "id": "state-dependent-control", "name": "State-dependent control", "description": "Connect charge, magnetic properties, kinetic state, surrounding matter, and intrinsic lifetime to feasible manipulation and observed survival.", "questions": [ { "text": "What charge, magnetic response, energy distribution, and free or bound state govern the proposed confinement method?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "state-dependent-control-q01" }, { "text": "Which field configuration and environmental conditions support the intended transport or storage duration for this species?", "kind": "action", "id": "state-dependent-control-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Whether neutrinos are distinct from their antiparticles or are Majorana particles remains an unresolved question.", "Zero electric charge alone does not make a particle self-conjugate; the neutron and antineutron are distinct.", "This is a recall-based description; the numerical examples are rounded, and no sources were consulted." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of antiparticle this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Positrons", "Antiprotons", "Antineutrons", "Antineutrinos", "Antiquarks", "Self-conjugate particles, such as photons" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of antiparticle this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Particle Data Group Monte Carlo particle numbering scheme", "value_or_pattern": "Signed integer codes; examples include -11 for the positron and -2212 for the antiproton", "note": "For distinct particle-antiparticle pairs, the codes have opposite signs; self-conjugate particles have one code." }, { "scheme": "Particle-symbol notation", "value_or_pattern": "An overbar commonly denotes an antiparticle; charge superscripts distinguish some pairs, such as e− and e+.", "note": "Notation depends on the species; an antiparticle need not have negative electric charge." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of antiparticle this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Positron emission tomography detects photons produced by positron-electron annihilation.", "Positron annihilation spectroscopy probes defects and electronic properties in materials.", "Antiparticle beams support particle-collision experiments.", "Trapped antiparticles and antihydrogen enable precision comparisons of matter and antimatter." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of antiparticle this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Positron rest mass", "typical_range": "Approximately 0.511", "unit": "MeV/c²" }, { "quantity": "Antiproton rest mass", "typical_range": "Approximately 938.27", "unit": "MeV/c²" }, { "quantity": "Positron electric charge", "typical_range": "+1", "unit": "elementary charge" }, { "quantity": "Photon energy in electron-positron annihilation into two photons at rest", "typical_range": "Approximately 511 per photon", "unit": "keV" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of antiparticle this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Annihilation with ordinary matter can produce ionizing radiation, with products depending on the participating species and available energy.", "Loss of confinement in antiparticle storage equipment allows stored particles to encounter surrounding matter and annihilate.", "Radioactive sources used to produce positrons introduce radiation hazards beyond those of the positrons alone." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of antiparticle this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "particle", "difference": "Antiparticle specifies a conjugate relationship between particle species; an antiparticle is itself a particle." }, { "name": "antimatter", "difference": "Antimatter denotes matter composed of antiparticles, whereas antiparticle denotes an individual quantum or its species." }, { "name": "negative ion", "difference": "A negative ion is an atom or molecule with excess electrons, not the antiparticle of a positive ion." }, { "name": "hole", "difference": "A hole is a quasiparticle representing a missing occupation in a many-body system, not a fundamental antiparticle such as a positron." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of antiparticle this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does an existing Vercy world model already own antiparticle identity, requiring this registry entry to link to it?", "Which authoritative particle reference and identifier scheme should anchor species names, conjugate relationships, and measured properties?", "Should self-conjugate species receive full antiparticle records here or appear only through relations to their particle records?", "How should the model represent neutral-particle mixing and unresolved neutrino conjugacy without conflating flavour states, mass states, and antiparticle assignments?", "Which experimentally validated identification and confinement examples provide adequate coverage of charged, neutral, elementary, and composite antiparticles?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 15, "questions": 23 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a antiparticle, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to identify an antiparticle relative to its particle counterpart, assess evidence for its identity and state, and determine physically supported interactions or handling actions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: antilepton.", "1 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 74 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a antiparticle, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "antilepton" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 74 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 1 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one antiparticle from another, and a antiparticle from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a antiparticle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a antiparticle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a antiparticle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a antiparticle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a antiparticle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a antiparticle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a antiparticle sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a antiparticle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a antiparticle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a antiparticle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a antiparticle from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a antiparticle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a antiparticle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a antiparticle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a antiparticle is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a antiparticle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a antiparticle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a antiparticle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a antiparticle is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a antiparticle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a antiparticle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a antiparticle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a antiparticle is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a antiparticle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a antiparticle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a antiparticle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a antiparticle is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a antiparticle is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a antiparticle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a antiparticle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a antiparticle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a antiparticle is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a antiparticle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a antiparticle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a antiparticle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a antiparticle passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a antiparticle between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a antiparticle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a antiparticle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a antiparticle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a antiparticle, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a antiparticle is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a antiparticle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a antiparticle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a antiparticle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What antiparticle is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does antiparticle perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise antiparticle, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How antiparticle is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does antiparticle have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does antiparticle need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about antiparticle is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about antiparticle hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern antiparticle, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a antiparticle came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a antiparticle and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a antiparticle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a antiparticle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a antiparticle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a antiparticle is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a antiparticle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a antiparticle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a antiparticle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }