{ "model": { "rank": 6310, "code": "thing-q184053", "model_id": "vr.tr.marl", "name": "marl", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise marl, assess its composition and condition, and identify which handling or use decisions its evidence supports.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q184053/", "tier": 2, "score": 61, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Kerteminde marl", "clay marl" ], "aliasCount": 2, "merged": 2, "knownIn": 61, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q184053", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184053", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T13:47:13Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.00585684, "turns": 1, "seconds": 68.7, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 96.7, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c1b-8e57-73e3-a9bf-efcf8f67b0b9\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: marl\nRegistry id: vr.tr.marl\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA Vercy model s" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q184053", "registryId": "vr.tr.marl", "name": "marl", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q184053/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.marl", "name": "marl", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise marl, assess its composition and condition, and identify which handling or use decisions its evidence supports.", "definition": "Marl is a mixed carbonate-clay sediment or weakly lithified rock whose bulk composition is typically about one-third to two-thirds calcium carbonate (calcite or aragonite) with the remainder mainly clay and silt, deposited in marine or lacustrine settings.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the material identity, variability, condition and tested capabilities of marl represented by a specimen, an exposed interval or a material lot under vr.tr.marl; classification conventions must be explicit because the registry supplies no definition.", "in_scope": [ "Evidence that the material qualifies as marl under a stated geological naming convention", "Carbonate content, clay mineralogy and non-carbonate constituents", "Cementation, bedding, moisture and weathering condition", "Variation within a marl interval or extracted lot and the representativeness of samples", "Measured responses to wetting, drying, loading and chemical treatment", "Material-level evidence supporting handling, processing or candidate uses" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Regional stratigraphy and the full identity of a geological formation", "Whole-deposit resource estimation, ownership and extraction permissions", "Groundwater systems and catchment-scale water chemistry", "Foundation, slope and earthworks design", "Field-specific soil amendment prescriptions and crop management", "Cement manufacturing operations and finished-product certification" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Measure carbonate and characterise the fine non-carbonate fraction, then apply a named classification convention to distinguish marl from clay or limestone; BGS uses the description calcareous mudstone. [BGS MineralsUK glossary](https://www.bgs.ac.uk/mineralsuk/glossary/)", "Record cementation and intact coherence separately from composition to resolve whether the chosen convention calls the material marl, marlstone or calcareous mudstone.", "Inspect separate laminae and the material between them to distinguish a marl matrix from a bulk sample that merely combines discrete limestone and clay beds.", "Record shell abundance and matrix composition before equating shell marl with clay-bearing marl; BGS describes shell marl deposits dominated by uncemented shells and precipitated carbonate. [BGS Shell Marl entry](https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?pub=SLM)", "Use petrographic fabric and provenance to distinguish a natural sedimentary material from metamorphic carbonate rock or a manufactured lime-clay mixture; carbonate detection alone does not establish marl identity." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Classification convention and assignment", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Named reference and version; marl, provisional marl, alternative lithology or unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Makes the identification reproducible without imposing an unsupported universal composition threshold." }, { "name": "Carbonate content", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass % on a stated moisture basis, with method and uncertainty; distinguish mineral content from CaCO3 equivalent", "why_it_matters": "Supports classification and evaluation of carbonate-dependent processing or use." }, { "name": "Clay mineral assemblage", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Identified clay minerals, analytical method and detection limits; unknown permitted", "why_it_matters": "Allows behaviour to be investigated from mineral evidence rather than inferred from the word marl." }, { "name": "Particle-size distribution", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "% clay-size, silt-size and sand-size fractions under a stated size convention and preparation method", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes particle size from clay mineral abundance and records the effects of disaggregation." }, { "name": "Carbonate mineral assemblage", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Identified carbonate phases and, where measured, their mass fractions", "why_it_matters": "Separates carbonate quantity from mineral composition when judging reaction or processing behaviour." }, { "name": "Cementation and coherence", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Uncemented, partly cemented or strongly cemented, with intact-coherence observations", "why_it_matters": "Informs naming, sampling and whether sediment or rock testing is appropriate." }, { "name": "Water content", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "% water by dry mass, with sampling time and conditioning history", "why_it_matters": "Allows strength and handling observations to be interpreted in their moisture context." }, { "name": "Bedding and discontinuities", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Massive, laminated or bedded; seam and fracture descriptions, dimensions and orientations where relevant", "why_it_matters": "Identifies directional behaviour and mixtures concealed by a bulk composition result." }, { "name": "Weathering condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Observed discoloration, carbonate depletion, softening, cracking or disaggregation, with extent and date", "why_it_matters": "Separates the present material condition from an inferred original lithology." }, { "name": "Wetting and drying response", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Retained mass %, dimensional change % or other named test result, with cycle count and protocol", "why_it_matters": "Tests whether exposure changes the material enough to affect handling or a proposed use." }, { "name": "Strength under stated conditions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "kPa or MPa under a named test, with moisture, orientation and specimen preparation", "why_it_matters": "Prevents unsupported transfer of dry intact strength to wet, fractured or remoulded material." }, { "name": "Sample-to-material relationship", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Sample linked to location, depth or interval, material lot and sampling method", "why_it_matters": "Limits conclusions to the marl actually represented by the evidence." } ], "affordances": [ "Assign or revise a marl identification using measured composition and an explicit naming convention.", "Select and document samples that separate marl matrix, carbonate-rich bands and clay-rich seams.", "Request condition-appropriate mineralogical, strength and wetting-response tests.", "Segregate material lots when composition or weathering differences undermine a common assessment.", "Choose trial handling and storage conditions using observed moisture sensitivity and disaggregation.", "Screen a proposed use against measured material properties and identify the additional tests needed." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata-q215651", "title": "marl (Q215651)", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Canonical identifier and aliases for the lithology.", "url_status": "dead" }, { "id": "usgs-marl", "title": "Mineral Resources On-Line Spatial Data: Marl", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "USGS lithologic usage of marl as a mixed carbonate-clay sediment.", "url_status": "dead" }, { "id": "britannica-marl", "title": "Marl", "url": "https://www.britannica.com/science/marl-sedimentary-rock", "what_it_supports": "Specialist definition, composition range, and agricultural/cement uses.", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "bsi-iso-14688-1", "title": "BS EN ISO 14688-1:2018 Geotechnical investigation and testing - Identification and classification of soil - Part 1: Identification and description", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Soil-description practice treating marl as a calcareous fine soil / parent material." } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "marl-identity", "name": "Marl identity", "description": "Establish why the observed material is being called marl.", "rationale": "The name alone does not resolve composition limits, cementation or historical usage.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-convention", "name": "Naming convention", "description": "Tie the identification to an explicit definition and its boundaries.", "findings": [ { "id": "classification-basis", "name": "Classification basis", "description": "Record the definition used, supporting observations and confidence in the assigned name.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which published or local convention defines marl for this identification?", "kind": "definition", "id": "classification-basis-q01" }, { "text": "Which measured or observed properties satisfy that convention?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "classification-basis-q02" }, { "text": "What result would require reclassification as clay, limestone or another material?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "classification-basis-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "neighbouring-materials", "name": "Neighbouring materials", "description": "Resolve ambiguities that composition or field naming alone cannot settle.", "findings": [ { "id": "name-and-fabric-agreement", "name": "Name and fabric agreement", "description": "Check whether the material fabric supports the marl label and how marlstone or shell marl terminology applies.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does cementation change the preferred name under the selected convention?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "name-and-fabric-agreement-q01" }, { "text": "Is the carbonate present in a fine matrix, shells, cement or separate fragments?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "name-and-fabric-agreement-q02" }, { "text": "Does the name originate from an examination, a geological map or an unverified supplier description?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "name-and-fabric-agreement-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "carbonate-clay-composition", "name": "Carbonate and clay composition", "description": "Describe the constituents needed to interpret marl identity and behaviour.", "rationale": "Similar-looking marls can require different decisions when their constituent proportions or mineral assemblages differ.", "layers": [ { "id": "carbonate-fraction", "name": "Carbonate fraction", "description": "Separate carbonate abundance, mineral identity and location in the material.", "findings": [ { "id": "carbonate-quantity-and-form", "name": "Carbonate quantity and form", "description": "Record carbonate measurements with their analytical basis and whether carbonate forms grains, shells or cement.", "questions": [ { "text": "What carbonate content was measured, by which method and on what mass basis?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "carbonate-quantity-and-form-q01" }, { "text": "Which carbonate minerals were identified, and where do they occur in the fabric?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "carbonate-quantity-and-form-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "non-carbonate-fraction", "name": "Non-carbonate fraction", "description": "Characterise clay minerals and other constituents without treating all residue as clay.", "findings": [ { "id": "clay-and-accessory-constituents", "name": "Clay and accessory constituents", "description": "Distinguish clay mineral abundance, fine particle size and accessory constituents relevant to the intended decision.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which clay minerals are present, and how were they identified?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "clay-and-accessory-constituents-q01" }, { "text": "How much of the non-carbonate fraction is clay-size material versus silt, sand or other constituents?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "clay-and-accessory-constituents-q02" }, { "text": "Which accessory constituents require targeted testing for the proposed use?", "kind": "action", "id": "clay-and-accessory-constituents-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "marl-fabric-and-variability", "name": "Marl fabric and variability", "description": "Connect observations to the internal structure and material extent they represent.", "rationale": "A composite assay can hide carbonate-rich bands, clay-rich seams and differences between exposed or extracted portions.", "layers": [ { "id": "matrix-and-bedding", "name": "Matrix and bedding", "description": "Record the physical arrangement of carbonate and clay-bearing material.", "findings": [ { "id": "mixture-or-interbeds", "name": "Mixture or interbeds", "description": "Distinguish constituents mixed within marl from adjacent lithologies combined during sampling.", "questions": [ { "text": "Are carbonate and clay-bearing constituents intermixed within the matrix or concentrated in separate layers?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "mixture-or-interbeds-q01" }, { "text": "Which seams, nodules or neighbouring beds must be recorded separately to avoid a misleading bulk classification?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "mixture-or-interbeds-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "sampling-support", "name": "Sampling support", "description": "Define how far each marl observation or test can reasonably be applied.", "findings": [ { "id": "represented-interval-or-lot", "name": "Represented interval or lot", "description": "Link test specimens to their source and capture sampling choices that could bias the result.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which location, depth interval or extracted lot does each sample represent?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "represented-interval-or-lot-q01" }, { "text": "Were soft fines, hard nodules or weathered surfaces excluded or lost during sampling?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "represented-interval-or-lot-q02" }, { "text": "Where does observed variability require additional sampling or separate material lots?", "kind": "action", "id": "represented-interval-or-lot-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "marl-condition-and-response", "name": "Marl condition and response", "description": "Record the present condition and measured response to environmental or mechanical change.", "rationale": "The marl label cannot establish whether a particular material remains coherent, softens or disaggregates under the conditions of interest.", "layers": [ { "id": "current-material-condition", "name": "Current material condition", "description": "Capture moisture, cementation and alteration before interpreting tests.", "findings": [ { "id": "moisture-and-alteration", "name": "Moisture and alteration", "description": "Describe the tested material's moisture and observable weathering relative to its source condition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What water content and cementation condition did the material have when examined?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "moisture-and-alteration-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes weathering-related softening or carbonate loss from original compositional variation?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "moisture-and-alteration-q02" }, { "text": "How did storage, drying or transport change the specimen before testing?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "moisture-and-alteration-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "exposure-and-load-response", "name": "Exposure and load response", "description": "Test behaviour under conditions relevant to handling or a candidate use.", "findings": [ { "id": "wetting-durability", "name": "Wetting durability", "description": "Record observed disaggregation and dimensional change without assuming uniform moisture sensitivity.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the material slake, soften, swell or crack under the specified wetting and drying protocol?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "wetting-durability-q01" }, { "text": "Which observed changes justify moisture control, shorter exposure or additional testing?", "kind": "action", "id": "wetting-durability-q02" } ] }, { "id": "condition-dependent-strength", "name": "Condition-dependent strength", "description": "Associate strength results with moisture, bedding orientation and intact or remoulded condition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What strength was measured at the relevant moisture condition and bedding orientation?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "condition-dependent-strength-q01" }, { "text": "Does the tested specimen represent intact marl, fractured material or remoulded fines?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "condition-dependent-strength-q02" }, { "text": "Which changes in material condition would invalidate the result for the proposed decision?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "condition-dependent-strength-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "marl-handling-and-use", "name": "Marl handling and use", "description": "Translate material evidence into bounded handling and suitability decisions.", "rationale": "Carbonate-bearing material is not automatically suitable for every use associated with marl.", "layers": [ { "id": "handling-and-segregation", "name": "Handling and segregation", "description": "Determine how extraction, stockpiling and preparation affect the assessed material.", "findings": [ { "id": "preserving-assessed-properties", "name": "Preserving assessed properties", "description": "Identify handling choices that preserve relevant properties and trigger reassessment when they change.", "questions": [ { "text": "What handling method is supported by the measured coherence and wetting response?", "kind": "action", "id": "preserving-assessed-properties-q01" }, { "text": "Which carbonate, clay or weathering differences require separate stockpiles?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "preserving-assessed-properties-q02" }, { "text": "When must crushed, dried or blended marl be resampled because existing results no longer represent it?", "kind": "action", "id": "preserving-assessed-properties-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "candidate-use-evidence", "name": "Candidate use evidence", "description": "Assess material suitability against the requirements of a specifically named use.", "findings": [ { "id": "use-specific-qualification", "name": "Use-specific qualification", "description": "Record the evidence and remaining tests for a proposed application without issuing design or treatment prescriptions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which use is proposed, and what material acceptance criteria apply?", "kind": "definition", "id": "use-specific-qualification-q01" }, { "text": "Which relevant properties have been measured, such as neutralising capacity for a liming candidate, feed chemistry for cement manufacture or durability for fill?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "use-specific-qualification-q02" }, { "text": "Which missing tests or failed criteria require withholding a suitability conclusion?", "kind": "action", "id": "use-specific-qualification-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "calcareous / chalky marl", "clayey marl", "sandy marl", "freshwater (lacustrine) marl", "marine marl", "marlstone (indurated marl)", "glauconitic marl", "shell / fossiliferous marl" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of marl this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q215651", "note": "item for marl as a sedimentary rock / soil material" }, { "scheme": "USGS SGMC lithology code", "value_or_pattern": "3.13 (Marl)", "note": "State Geologic Map Compilation lithologic class" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of marl this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "ISO 14688-1 (ISO / CEN): identification and description of soil, including calcareous fine soils such as marl", "BS 5930 (BSI): UK code of practice for ground investigations; marl described as a calcareous clay/silt or weak rock", "EN 197-1 (CEN): cement composition; marl used as a calcareous raw-mix component for Portland cement" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of marl this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Spread as agricultural lime to raise pH and supply calcium on acid soils (historical 'marling' of fields; still practised from marl pits).", "Quarried as a kiln feed for Portland cement and hydraulic lime because the clay-carbonate mix is close to a self-fluxing raw meal.", "Mapped and sampled in ground investigation as a weak, often fissured, calcareous clay or very weak rock that controls foundation bearing, earthworks, and slope design.", "Extracted historically as a building mortar and whitewash ingredient; freshwater shell marl used as a pond and wetland substrate.", "Encountered as a hydrocarbon source, seal, or reservoir facies (e.g. marly chalks and marlstone intervals in basins)." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of marl this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "calcium carbonate (CaCO3) content", "typical_range": "35-65 (commonly cited; some usages 20-80)", "unit": "mass %" }, { "quantity": "clay-size fraction", "typical_range": "20-60", "unit": "mass %" }, { "quantity": "dry bulk density (soil/sediment marl)", "typical_range": "1.4-2.0", "unit": "g/cm3" }, { "quantity": "unconfined compressive strength (marlstone)", "typical_range": "0.5-25 (very weak to moderately weak rock)", "unit": "MPa" }, { "quantity": "plasticity index (clayey marl)", "typical_range": "10-40", "unit": "%" }, { "quantity": "soil pH (in place or as amendment)", "typical_range": "7.5-8.5", "unit": "pH units" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of marl this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Softening, slaking and loss of strength on wetting or unloading of fissured marl/marlstone, causing slope and cut failures.", "Shrink-swell and seasonal volume change in clay-rich marls, damaging lightly founded structures.", "Dissolution of the carbonate fraction producing cavities, pipes or reduced density, and aggressive groundwater toward concrete in some settings.", "Low bearing capacity and high compressibility of unlithified marl as a founding stratum.", "Dust and alkaline particulate exposure during excavation and spreading; historical pit lakes as drowning and collapse hazards." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of marl this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "English and geological usage often reserves 'marl' for a mixed clay-carbonate mud and 'marlstone' for the lithified equivalent; US coastal-plain usage also applies 'marl' to fossiliferous, sandy calcareous sediments.", "German Mergel, French marne, and Italian marna cover the same lithology; some Central European practice grades Mergel by carbonate percentage more strictly than English usage.", "In parts of the US South and Caribbean, 'marl' is used for near-surface weathered limestone or calcareous saprolite used as road base, which is not a depositional marl.", "UK Chalk Group 'marl seams' are thin, clay-rich interbeds in chalk, not bulk marl deposits; confusing these with true marl beds is a common mapping error.", "Agricultural 'marl' in Ireland and the Great Lakes region often means freshwater shell marl (biogenic carbonate mud in lakes and fens), distinct from marine marl." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of marl this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "chalk", "difference": "Chalk is typically >90% fine biogenic calcite with little clay; marl has a substantial clay/silt fraction and is darker, more plastic, and less purely white. Acid test plus grain-size / insoluble residue separates them." }, { "name": "limestone / calcilutite", "difference": "Limestone is a carbonate rock with little clay and usually higher strength and lower plasticity; marl retains a mixed clay-carbonate composition. Insoluble residue after dilute HCl and UCS/plasticity distinguish them." }, { "name": "calcareous clay / mudstone", "difference": "Calcareous clay has accessory carbonate (often <20-35% CaCO3) rather than carbonate as a major constituent; marl is defined by that mixed, roughly co-dominant carbonate-clay range." }, { "name": "calcareous silt / loess", "difference": "Loess is wind-blown silt, often calcareous but not a clay-carbonate marine/lacustrine mud; fabric (vertical jointing, land snails) and depositional setting separate it from marl." }, { "name": "fuller's earth / bentonite", "difference": "These are smectite-rich clays used for absorption; they lack the high bulk CaCO3 of marl. Mineralogy (XRD) and carbonate content separate them." }, { "name": "weathered limestone / calcrete", "difference": "Residual or pedogenic carbonate soils can be called 'marl' regionally; they are alteration products of limestone or soil carbonate, not mixed marine/lacustrine mud. Stratigraphic context and fabric (karst residuum vs laminated mud) distinguish them." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of marl this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which authoritative naming convention should vr.tr.marl adopt, including any carbonate thresholds and their measurement basis?", "Does this registry entry encompass indurated marlstone and carbonate-rich shell marl, or should those usages be linked to neighbouring entries?", "Which analytical preparation methods best preserve comparability between cemented specimens, loose material and carbonate-rich fines?", "What evidence supports grouping particular marl compositions into shared wetting or strength behaviours, and where must assessment remain specimen-specific?", "Which intended applications should receive researched acceptance criteria, and which decisions must remain with linked geotechnical, agricultural or manufacturing models?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 38 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a marl, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise marl, assess its composition and condition, and identify which handling or use decisions its evidence supports.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Kerteminde marl, clay marl.", "2 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 61 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a marl, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Kerteminde marl", "clay marl" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 61 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 2 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one marl from another, and a marl from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a marl, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a marl, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a marl is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a marl, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a marl, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a marl is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a marl sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a marl, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a marl, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a marl is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a marl from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a marl, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a marl, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a marl is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a marl is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a marl, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a marl, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a marl is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a marl is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a marl, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a marl, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a marl is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a marl is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a marl, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a marl, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a marl is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a marl is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a marl is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a marl, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a marl, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a marl is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a marl is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a marl, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a marl, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a marl is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a marl passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a marl between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a marl, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a marl, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a marl is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a marl, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a marl is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a marl, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a marl, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a marl is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a marl and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a marl is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a marl performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a marl, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a marl, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a marl is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a marl.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a marl at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a marl, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a marl, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a marl is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a marl there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a marl, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a marl, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a marl is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What marl is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name marl unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of marl exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How marl behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of marl, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is marl incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How marl can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is marl classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover marl, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a marl came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a marl and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a marl, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a marl, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a marl is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a marl is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a marl, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a marl, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a marl is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }