{ "model": { "rank": 5394, "code": "thing-q184084", "model_id": "vr.tr.beriberi", "name": "beriberi", "purpose": "Let an agent explain beriberi in general terms, relay causes, forms, prevention and treatment from nutrition and medical sources, route acute breathlessness, heart symptoms or confusion to emergency care, describe the named forms, and distinguish beriberi from other vitamin deficiencies, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome as a related condition and other neuropathies, without diagnosing individuals.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.STA", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q184084/", "tier": 2, "score": 67, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "shoshin beriberi", "wet beriberi", "dry beriberi" ], "aliasCount": 3, "merged": 3, "knownIn": 67, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q184084", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184084", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T20:55:37Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 4, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q184084", "registryId": "vr.tr.beriberi", "name": "beriberi", "version": "0.2.0-wave.4", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.STA" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q184084/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.beriberi", "name": "beriberi", "purpose": "Let an agent explain beriberi in general terms, relay causes, forms, prevention and treatment from nutrition and medical sources, route acute breathlessness, heart symptoms or confusion to emergency care, describe the named forms, and distinguish beriberi from other vitamin deficiencies, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome as a related condition and other neuropathies, without diagnosing individuals.", "definition": "A disease caused by deficiency of thiamine, vitamin B1, historically common where diets relied on polished white rice and today seen with alcohol use disorder, malnutrition, prolonged vomiting and some medical conditions, classified as dry beriberi affecting the peripheral nerves, wet beriberi affecting the heart and circulation with swelling and heart failure, and shoshin beriberi, an acute fulminant cardiac form that is a medical emergency; related thiamine deficiency can cause Wernicke encephalopathy, and treatment with thiamine is effective if given promptly. Christiaan Eijkman s work on its cause contributed to the discovery of vitamins.", "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a deficiency disease.", "affordances": [ "explain causes and forms", "relay prevention and treatment", "describe named forms", "route emergencies" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Dietary deficiency", "Neurological and cardiac forms", "Preventable", "Treatable with thiamine" ], "appearance": "Swelling of the legs, weakness, numbness, breathlessness or rapid heartbeat.", "visual_identification": [ "Thiamine deficiency disease", "Shoshin beriberi, wet beriberi, dry beriberi, infantile beriberi", "Other deficiencies such as scurvy or pellagra involve other vitamins; Wernicke-Korsakoff affects the brain; other neuropathies have different causes" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "vitamin", "typical_range": "thiamine, B1", "unit": "note", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "Eijkman Nobel Prize", "typical_range": "1929", "unit": "year", "note": "Physiology or Medicine" }, { "quantity": "Takaki Kanehiro navy diet reform", "typical_range": "1880s", "unit": "note", "note": "Japan" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "dry beriberi", "wet beriberi", "shoshin beriberi", "infantile beriberi", "related Wernicke encephalopathy" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "thiamine deficiency", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is treated with", "target": "thiamine", "why": "" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "Wernicke encephalopathy", "why": "" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "pellagra", "why": "" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "WHO guidance on thiamine deficiency in emergencies", "Food fortification policies" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Delaying treatment of shoshin or Wernicke encephalopathy", "Diagnosing individuals remotely", "Stigmatising alcohol-related cases" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What beriberi is.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is beriberi, and how does it differ from other deficiencies, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and other neuropathies?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is there sudden breathlessness, chest symptoms, confusion or unsteady walking, in which case seek emergency care?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "forms", "name": "Forms", "description": "Named forms.", "findings": [ { "id": "forms-finding", "name": "Forms", "description": "Forms.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are dry, wet and shoshin beriberi?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific form?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "medical", "name": "Medical", "description": "Causes and treatment.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "causes", "name": "Causes", "description": "Causes.", "findings": [ { "id": "causes-finding", "name": "Causes", "description": "Causes.", "questions": [ { "text": "What diets and conditions cause thiamine deficiency?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "treatment", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment.", "findings": [ { "id": "treatment-finding", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is beriberi treated, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "prevention", "name": "Prevention", "description": "Prevention.", "rationale": "Regulation.", "layers": [ { "id": "diet", "name": "Diet", "description": "Dietary sources.", "findings": [ { "id": "diet-finding", "name": "Diet", "description": "Diet.", "questions": [ { "text": "What foods provide thiamine, and how does fortification help?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits food fortification?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "humanitarian", "name": "Humanitarian", "description": "Outbreaks.", "findings": [ { "id": "humanitarian-finding", "name": "Humanitarian", "description": "Humanitarian.", "questions": [ { "text": "Why do outbreaks occur in refugee camps and prisons, as WHO reports?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits malnutrition?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "History.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "eijkman", "name": "Eijkman", "description": "Discovery.", "findings": [ { "id": "eijkman-finding", "name": "Eijkman", "description": "Eijkman.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did Eijkman s chicken experiments reveal a dietary cause?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits Christiaan Eijkman?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "navy", "name": "Navy", "description": "Japanese navy.", "findings": [ { "id": "navy-finding", "name": "Navy", "description": "Navy.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did Takaki Kanehiro reduce beriberi in the Japanese navy?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits Takaki Kanehiro?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should shoshin beriberi be a separate entry?", "How should nutrition guidelines be linked?", "How should thiamine deficiency in humanitarian settings be recorded?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a beriberi, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain beriberi in general terms, relay causes, forms, prevention and treatment from nutrition and medical sources, route acute breathlessness, heart symptoms or confusion to emergency care, describe the named forms, and distinguish beriberi from other vitamin deficiencies, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome as a related condition and other neuropathies, without diagnosing individuals.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: shoshin beriberi, wet beriberi, dry beriberi.", "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 67 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a beriberi, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "shoshin beriberi", "wet beriberi", "dry beriberi" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 67 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one beriberi from another, and a beriberi from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a beriberi, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a beriberi, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a beriberi is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a beriberi, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a beriberi, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a beriberi is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a beriberi sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a beriberi, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a beriberi, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a beriberi is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a beriberi from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a beriberi, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a beriberi, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a beriberi is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a beriberi passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a beriberi between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a beriberi, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a beriberi, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a beriberi is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a beriberi, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a beriberi is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a beriberi, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a beriberi, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a beriberi is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What beriberi is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of beriberi are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is beriberi operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of beriberi and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of beriberi?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as beriberi?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a beriberi came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a beriberi and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a beriberi, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a beriberi, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a beriberi is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a beriberi is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a beriberi, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a beriberi, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a beriberi is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }