{ "model": { "rank": 6013, "code": "thing-q184246", "model_id": "vr.tr.moon-of-pluto", "name": "moon of Pluto", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a natural moon belonging to the Pluto system, assess evidence about its physical and orbital state, and decide which observations or mission interactions are justified.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q184246/", "tier": 2, "score": 63, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 63, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q184246", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184246", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T10:55:24Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.01233316, "turns": 1, "seconds": 276.7, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 183.5, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b79-e413-75d3-8803-27161c6ab034\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: moon of Pluto\nRegistry id: vr.tr.moon-of-pluto\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q184246", "registryId": "vr.tr.moon-of-pluto", "name": "moon of Pluto", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q184246/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.moon-of-pluto", "name": "moon of Pluto", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a natural moon belonging to the Pluto system, assess evidence about its physical and orbital state, and decide which observations or mission interactions are justified.", "definition": "A natural satellite bound in planetocentric orbit about the dwarf planet (134340) Pluto; five are known (Charon, Styx, Nix, Kerberos, Hydra), of which Charon is massive enough that the Pluto-Charon barycentre lies outside Pluto, so the pair is treated as a tidally locked binary while the four smaller bodies orbit that barycentre as circumbinary moons.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the identity, natural-satellite status, orbital relationships, physical state and observation or encounter constraints of one moon of Pluto, with uncertainty attached to each assessment.", "in_scope": [ "The moon's identity and the evidence connecting observations to that body", "Its gravitational membership in the Pluto system and the reference frame used to describe its orbit", "Its size, shape, mass constraints, surface properties and rotational state", "Changes or discrepancies in its inferred orbital and physical state", "Moon-specific requirements for observation, trajectory assessment and encounter planning" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Pluto's own geology, atmosphere and internal structure", "A complete dynamical model of the Pluto system", "Independent models of other moons in the system", "Spacecraft design, instrument engineering and mission operations", "General Kuiper Belt population classification", "Institutional authority for naming celestial bodies" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Evidence supports a natural body rather than an artificial spacecraft, image artefact or unresolved background source.", "An orbital solution supports gravitational membership in the Pluto system rather than a chance alignment or temporary passage.", "Associated observations consistently identify a body distinct from Pluto and from other candidate or recognised companions.", "Classification remains interpretable when an orbit is expressed relative to Pluto or to the system barycentre; the coordinate origin alone does not establish satellite status." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Satellite identity and recognition status", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Candidate, confirmed or disputed; designation, aliases and supporting authority", "why_it_matters": "Prevents an uncertain detection or alternate name from being treated as a separate established moon." }, { "name": "Pluto-system membership", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Relationship to Pluto and the Pluto system, with dynamical evidence and confidence", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes a moon from an unrelated object observed near Pluto." }, { "name": "Orbital solution", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Position in km, velocity in km/s or orbital elements; epoch, origin, reference plane, time scale and uncertainty required", "why_it_matters": "Supports identification, prediction and encounter assessment without confusing coordinate conventions." }, { "name": "Orbit prediction validity", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Supported time interval, residuals, uncertainty growth and model limitations", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether a prediction is adequate for a proposed observation or spacecraft approach." }, { "name": "Size and shape constraints", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Dimensions or radius in km, shape representation and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Controls interpretation of brightness, projected extent and proximity to the surface." }, { "name": "Mass and density constraints", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass in kg or gravitational parameter in km³/s²; bulk density in kg/m³ when supported", "why_it_matters": "Supports dynamical and encounter calculations while keeping measured values separate from assumptions." }, { "name": "Rotational state", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Period and pole constraints; synchronous, non-synchronous, complex or unresolved, with epoch and evidence", "why_it_matters": "Determines which terrain may face an observer and whether surface orientation can be predicted." }, { "name": "Surface interpretation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Observed terrain, reflectance and spectral classes; material interpretations with confidence and coverage", "why_it_matters": "Allows surface comparisons without treating an inferred composition or sampled hemisphere as a complete description." } ], "affordances": [ "Associate a detection with the moon using predicted position, appearance and uncertainty.", "Compare Pluto-relative and barycentric orbital descriptions after reconciling their reference conventions.", "Identify observations that would most reduce uncertainty in the moon's orbit, shape or rotation.", "Estimate viewing geometry, apparent extent and detectable surface coverage for an observation.", "Screen a proposed spacecraft approach against the moon's positional, dimensional and environmental uncertainties.", "Revise or withhold a state assessment when observations contradict the current model." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "christy-1978", "title": "The satellite of Pluto", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Discovery of Charon, first Pluto satellite, and the photographic/astrometric origin of Pluto I." }, { "id": "weaver-2006", "title": "Discovery of two new satellites of Pluto", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04548", "what_it_supports": "Hubble discovery of Nix and Hydra (then S/2005 P 2 and S/2005 P 1) and their coplanar outer orbits.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "stern-2015", "title": "The Pluto system: Initial results from its exploration by New Horizons", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad1815", "what_it_supports": "In-situ sizes, albedos, and system architecture of all five moons from the 2015 flyby.", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "showalter-hamilton-2015", "title": "Resonant interactions and chaotic rotation of Pluto's small moons", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14469", "what_it_supports": "3:4:5:6 mean-motion sequence with Charon and chaotic rotation of the small moons.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "iau-wgpsn", "title": "Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature (Pluto system satellite names)", "url": "https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/", "what_it_supports": "IAU official names and Roman-numeral designations Pluto I-V and the underworld-mythology naming rule.", "url_status": "live" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-pluto-membership", "name": "Identity and Pluto membership", "description": "Establishes which body is represented and why it qualifies as a moon of Pluto.", "rationale": "Apparent proximity to Pluto and a familiar name are insufficient to establish a distinct natural satellite.", "layers": [ { "id": "body-identification", "name": "Body identification", "description": "Connects names and detections to one physical companion of Pluto.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-evidence", "name": "Identity evidence", "description": "Record the evidence that detections refer to one natural body, together with unresolved alternatives.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which designation identifies this moon, and which observations or naming records connect its aliases to the same body?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "identity-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What excludes confusion with Pluto, another companion, a background source, an artefact or a spacecraft?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "identity-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "satellite-classification", "name": "Satellite classification", "description": "Separates dynamical system membership from terminology and coordinate choice.", "findings": [ { "id": "membership-and-classification-basis", "name": "Membership and classification basis", "description": "Record the evidence for gravitational membership and the convention under which the body is called a moon of Pluto.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which observations and dynamical solution distinguish a bound Pluto-system member from a passing or apparently nearby body?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "membership-and-classification-basis-q01" }, { "text": "Does classification require a qualification concerning a binary companion or a circumbinary orbit, and which authority or convention supplies that qualification?", "kind": "definition", "id": "membership-and-classification-basis-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "orbit-within-pluto-system", "name": "Orbit within the Pluto system", "description": "Makes the moon's motion interpretable and its predictions usable within a multiple-body system.", "rationale": "An orbit described without its origin, epoch and perturbation assumptions can misidentify the moon or mislead encounter planning.", "layers": [ { "id": "orbital-reference-and-solution", "name": "Orbital reference and solution", "description": "Defines how the moon's trajectory is represented relative to Pluto and the system.", "findings": [ { "id": "interpretable-orbital-state", "name": "Interpretable orbital state", "description": "Record a sourced orbital solution with the conventions and uncertainty necessary to compare it with observations.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the solution Pluto-centred, barycentric or expressed in another frame, and what reference plane, epoch and time scale does it use?", "kind": "definition", "id": "interpretable-orbital-state-q01" }, { "text": "What observations constrain the orbital state, and how are their uncertainties represented in the solution?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "interpretable-orbital-state-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "interactions-and-prediction", "name": "Interactions and prediction", "description": "Assesses how other Pluto-system bodies affect predictions for this moon.", "findings": [ { "id": "dynamical-validity", "name": "Dynamical validity", "description": "Record which interactions matter, which orbital relationships are supported and where predictions cease to be adequate.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which Pluto-system bodies must be included to predict this moon's motion at the accuracy required, and is any proposed resonance dynamically demonstrated?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "dynamical-validity-q01" }, { "text": "Over what interval is the prediction adequate for the intended observation or approach, and what uncertainty would require an updated solution?", "kind": "action", "id": "dynamical-validity-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "physical-body-and-rotation", "name": "Physical body and rotation", "description": "Describes the moon as a physical body while separating observed properties from inference.", "rationale": "Pluto-system membership alone does not establish a moon's shape, gravity, surface composition or rotational behaviour.", "layers": [ { "id": "dimensions-and-gravity", "name": "Dimensions and gravity", "description": "Establishes the physical extent and gravitational constraints needed for interpretation and proximity assessment.", "findings": [ { "id": "shape-mass-and-density-evidence", "name": "Shape, mass and density evidence", "description": "Record measured dimensions and mass constraints without converting assumed reflectance or density into a measured property.", "questions": [ { "text": "Are the moon's dimensions constrained by resolved imaging, occultations or brightness modelling, and which viewing or reflectance assumptions remain?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "shape-mass-and-density-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Is its mass independently constrained by dynamics, and does the available volume estimate justify a bulk-density inference?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "shape-mass-and-density-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "rotation-and-surface", "name": "Rotation and surface", "description": "Links rotational knowledge to what can be claimed about the observed surface.", "findings": [ { "id": "orientation-and-surface-coverage", "name": "Orientation and surface coverage", "description": "Record rotational evidence, mapped coverage and surface interpretations at the resolution actually supported.", "questions": [ { "text": "What measurements constrain spin period, pole and rotational behaviour relative to the moon's orbit, and can its orientation be predicted?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "orientation-and-surface-coverage-q01" }, { "text": "Which surface regions and wavelengths have been observed, and which composition or terrain claims remain interpretations rather than direct measurements?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "orientation-and-surface-coverage-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observation-and-encounter-decisions", "name": "Observation and encounter decisions", "description": "Translates knowledge of this moon into defensible observing and proximity decisions.", "rationale": "The moon's visibility near Pluto and its uncertain position or extent directly affect which actions can be planned reliably.", "layers": [ { "id": "observability-near-pluto", "name": "Observability near Pluto", "description": "Determines when the moon can be separated from Pluto and other system members in an observation.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-feasibility", "name": "Observation feasibility", "description": "Record viewing geometry and detection constraints for a stated observer, instrument and scientific objective.", "questions": [ { "text": "At the proposed epoch, what angular separation, brightness contrast, illumination and possible occultation affect detection beside Pluto or another companion?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "observation-feasibility-q01" }, { "text": "Which observing geometry and cadence would best resolve the specific uncertainty in this moon's identity, orbit, shape or rotation?", "kind": "action", "id": "observation-feasibility-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "proximity-and-environment", "name": "Proximity and environment", "description": "Determines whether evidence is adequate to assess a proposed spacecraft interaction with the moon.", "findings": [ { "id": "encounter-evidence-threshold", "name": "Encounter evidence threshold", "description": "Record moon-specific limits on approach assessment, including unknown surrounding material and uncertain surface location.", "questions": [ { "text": "What observations constrain material near this moon, such as dust or debris, and what do non-detections actually exclude?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "encounter-evidence-threshold-q01" }, { "text": "Given trajectory, orbital, shape and environmental uncertainties, can the proposed flyby or closer interaction be assessed, or which additional evidence is required?", "kind": "action", "id": "encounter-evidence-threshold-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Charon (Pluto I): large inner companion, tidally locked 1:1 with Pluto, barycentre outside Pluto", "Small circumbinary moons: Styx, Nix, Kerberos, Hydra, in near-circular, near-coplanar orbits about the Pluto-Charon barycentre", "Chaotic rotators: the four small moons, whose spins are not tidally locked and vary unpredictably", "Near-resonant chain: Styx-Nix-Kerberos-Hydra occupying a 3:4:5:6 mean-motion sequence relative to Charon", "Pre-Hubble photographic discovery (Charon, 1978) versus Hubble Space Telescope discoveries (Nix and Hydra 2005; Kerberos 2011; Styx 2012)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of moon of Pluto this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "IAU planetary satellite designation", "value_or_pattern": "Pluto I Charon; Pluto II Nix; Pluto III Hydra; Pluto IV Kerberos; Pluto V Styx", "note": "Roman numeral is assigned in discovery order, not orbital order (Nix is II but Styx is inward of Nix)." }, { "scheme": "IAU provisional satellite designation", "value_or_pattern": "S/YYYY P n or S/YYYY (134340) n", "note": "Historical examples: S/1978 P 1 (Charon), S/2005 P 1 (Hydra), S/2005 P 2 (Nix), S/2011 (134340) 1 (Kerberos), S/2012 (134340) 1 (Styx)." }, { "scheme": "MPC parent body", "value_or_pattern": "(134340) Pluto", "note": "After Pluto received a minor-planet number in 2006, later satellites were designated against (134340)." }, { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q6604 (Charon); one item per named moon; class item for moons of Pluto", "note": "Do not reuse asteroid items such as 3908 Nyx or 2060 Chiron." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of moon of Pluto this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "IAU Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN): official names; Pluto-system satellites must be named for underworld figures in classical mythology (Nix spelling chosen to avoid asteroid 3908 Nyx).", "IAU Resolution B5 (2006): reclassified Pluto as a dwarf planet; the five bodies remain natural satellites, not planets.", "IAU natural-satellite designation practice (provisional S/YYYY P n, then Roman numeral plus name) administered with the Minor Planet Center for satellites of numbered dwarf planets.", "COSPAR/NASA planetary protection: New Horizons Pluto encounter treated as Category II (documentation, not sterilization), governing how a spacecraft may approach these moons." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of moon of Pluto this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "New Horizons (2015) flyby navigation, hazard search among the small moons, and gravity/imaging science of Charon and the outer four.", "1985-1990 Pluto-Charon mutual events used to map both bodies before any spacecraft visit.", "Stellar occultations to measure Charon's size and to separate Pluto's atmosphere from the satellite.", "Laboratory for circumbinary satellite dynamics, giant-impact formation of Charon, and tidal evolution of a dwarf-planet binary.", "JPL Horizons and IAU natural-satellite ephemerides for prediction and catalogue maintenance.", "Education and public debate over whether these are 'moons of a planet' after the 2006 IAU vote." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of moon of Pluto this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "mean diameter (or equivalent spherical diameter)", "typical_range": "about 10-16 (Styx/Kerberos) through ~40-50 (Nix/Hydra) to 1212 (Charon)", "unit": "km" }, { "quantity": "orbital semi-major axis about system barycentre", "typical_range": "19591 (Charon) to about 64700 (Hydra)", "unit": "km" }, { "quantity": "sidereal orbital period", "typical_range": "6.387 (Charon) to about 38.2 (Hydra)", "unit": "d" }, { "quantity": "mass", "typical_range": "roughly 1e15-1e18 for the small moons; Charon about 1.586e21", "unit": "kg" }, { "quantity": "bulk density (Charon; small moons poorly constrained)", "typical_range": "about 1.70 for Charon; small-moon densities uncertain and ice-rich", "unit": "g cm^-3" }, { "quantity": "geometric albedo", "typical_range": "about 0.4 (Charon) to 0.5-0.9 (small icy moons)", "unit": "dimensionless" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of moon of Pluto this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Impact disruption: the small moons are widely modelled as collisional shards from the Charon-forming giant impact or later debris, so they remain vulnerable to further disruption.", "Orbital instability in the time-varying Pluto-Charon potential; the small moons sit near chaotic zones and mean-motion resonances.", "Chaotic tumbling of Nix, Hydra, Kerberos and Styx, which breaks simple light-curve period solutions and complicates spacecraft imaging geometry.", "Untracked dust or debris as a flyby hazard (a driving concern for New Horizons targeting).", "Catalogue confusion from near-homonyms (Nix/Nyx, Charon/Chiron, Kerberos/Cerberus) and from treating a background KBO as a new satellite.", "Undiscovered smaller moons below current imaging limits, which would change the inventory without changing the class." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of moon of Pluto this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Charon pronunciation: discoverer James Christy intended SHARE-on (after Charlene); classicists and many astronomers use KAIR-on.", "IAU Greek forms Kerberos and Nix versus popular Latin/Greek Cerberus and Nyx.", "After 2006, IAU usage is 'satellite of a dwarf planet'; some public, educational, and a few U.S. state contexts still call Pluto a planet and its companions ordinary planetary moons.", "Orbital order (Styx, Nix, Kerberos, Hydra) versus designation order (I Charon, II Nix, III Hydra, IV Kerberos, V Styx) causes inconsistent listing in non-specialist sources." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of moon of Pluto this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "unbound Kuiper-belt object or plutino near Pluto", "difference": "A moon occupies a closed orbit about the Pluto-Charon barycentre inside Pluto's Hill sphere; a co-located KBO has a heliocentric (or 3:2 Neptune-resonant) orbit and is not gravitationally bound to Pluto." }, { "name": "other large KBO binaries (e.g. Orcus-Vanth, Eris-Dysnomia)", "difference": "Same dynamical class of massive companion, but the primary is not (134340) Pluto and the IAU names/numerals are not Pluto I-V." }, { "name": "Pluto itself", "difference": "For Charon the system barycentre lies outside Pluto, so neither body orbits the other's centre of figure; the smaller four orbit the barycentre, not Pluto's surface." }, { "name": "hypothetical Pluto rings or dust arcs", "difference": "New Horizons imaging and student dust counter set tight limits; no confirmed ring, whereas each moon is a discrete, named body with a fitted orbit." }, { "name": "3908 Nyx (asteroid) versus Nix", "difference": "IAU spelled the moon Nix and numbered it Pluto II; 3908 Nyx is a near-Earth asteroid with an MPC number, not a Pluto satellite designation." }, { "name": "2060 Chiron (centaur) versus Charon", "difference": "Chiron is a heliocentric centaur (comet 95P/Chiron); Charon is Pluto I on a 6.387-day barycentric orbit." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of moon of Pluto this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend this kind to include every natural Pluto-system companion, including cases requiring binary or circumbinary terminology?", "Which authoritative identity records and orbital solutions should anchor individual moon instances, and how should conflicting solutions be retained?", "For each moon, which mass, shape and rotational properties are independently measured, and which depend mainly on assumptions?", "How much of each moon's surface and surrounding environment has been observed at useful resolution and sensitivity?", "What prediction accuracy and environmental evidence are required for each intended observation or spacecraft interaction?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 16, "questions": 24 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a moon of Pluto, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a natural moon belonging to the Pluto system, assess evidence about its physical and orbital state, and decide which observations or mission interactions are justified.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 63 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a moon of Pluto, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 63 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one moon of Pluto from another, and a moon of Pluto from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a moon of Pluto, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a moon of Pluto, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a moon of Pluto is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a moon of Pluto, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a moon of Pluto, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a moon of Pluto is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a moon of Pluto sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a moon of Pluto, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a moon of Pluto, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a moon of Pluto is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a moon of Pluto from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a moon of Pluto, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a moon of Pluto, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a moon of Pluto is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a moon of Pluto is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a moon of Pluto, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a moon of Pluto, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a moon of Pluto is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a moon of Pluto is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a moon of Pluto, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a moon of Pluto, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a moon of Pluto is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a moon of Pluto is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a moon of Pluto, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a moon of Pluto, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a moon of Pluto is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a moon of Pluto is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a moon of Pluto is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a moon of Pluto, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a moon of Pluto, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a moon of Pluto is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a moon of Pluto is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a moon of Pluto, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a moon of Pluto, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a moon of Pluto is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a moon of Pluto passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a moon of Pluto between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a moon of Pluto, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a moon of Pluto, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a moon of Pluto is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a moon of Pluto, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a moon of Pluto is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a moon of Pluto, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a moon of Pluto, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a moon of Pluto is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What moon of Pluto is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does moon of Pluto perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise moon of Pluto, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How moon of Pluto is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does moon of Pluto have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does moon of Pluto need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about moon of Pluto is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about moon of Pluto hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern moon of Pluto, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a moon of Pluto came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a moon of Pluto and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a moon of Pluto, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a moon of Pluto, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a moon of Pluto is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a moon of Pluto is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a moon of Pluto, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a moon of Pluto, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a moon of Pluto is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }