{ "model": { "rank": 5486, "code": "thing-q184395", "model_id": "vr.tr.sea-water", "name": "sea water", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise sea water, assess its changing composition and condition, and determine its suitability for a specified use or treatment.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q184395/", "tier": 2, "score": 67, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water" ], "aliasCount": 1, "merged": 1, "knownIn": 67, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q184395", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184395", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T22:28:22Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 23.8, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08848-510e-7ad3-9bda-ff9fbea9e653\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: sea water\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.MAT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 regis", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 67.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08848-5101-7963-a96c-6775ee7ed0f3\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: sea water\nRegistry id: vr.tr.sea-water\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nCont" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q184395", "registryId": "vr.tr.sea-water", "name": "sea water", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q184395/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.sea-water", "name": "sea water", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise sea water, assess its changing composition and condition, and determine its suitability for a specified use or treatment.", "definition": "Sea water is the aqueous mixture constituting seas and oceans, containing dissolved salts dominated by chloride and sodium ions, dissolved gases and organic matter, and variable suspended material and organisms.", "scope_statement": "This model owns sea water as a naturally occurring marine aqueous mixture, including identifiable samples and supplied volumes, with composition and properties tied to location, time, sampling method and environmental conditions.", "in_scope": [ "Marine origin, collection context and traceability of samples or supplied volumes", "Dissolved salts, gases, nutrients, organic matter and suspended constituents", "Physical and chemical state under recorded temperature and pressure", "Biological load, contamination and changes during storage or handling", "Suitability for a specified use, including required treatment and verification" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Seas and oceans as geographic features or complete circulation systems", "Marine organisms as independently modelled living things", "Pure water, isolated salts and other separated chemical substances", "Artificial seawater formulations and commercial salt mixtures as products", "Desalination plants, intake systems and treatment processes as infrastructure", "Marine ecosystems and regulatory regimes as complete systems" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Marine provenance distinguishes natural sea water from a laboratory salt solution; salinity alone cannot establish origin.", "A multi-ion composition distinguishes sea water from water containing only added sodium chloride.", "Freshwater mixing can produce brackish marine water, so a universal salinity cutoff cannot alone resolve the sea-water boundary.", "Collection and processing history distinguish sea water from desalinated product water and concentrated process brine.", "Clear appearance does not establish purity: dissolved constituents, microorganisms and contaminants require separate assessment." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Marine provenance", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Source sea or ocean, coordinates, collection depth, timestamp and source record", "why_it_matters": "Establishes origin and connects observed properties to a particular marine setting." }, { "name": "Processing condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Unprocessed, screened, filtered, disinfected, stored, diluted or concentrated; record treatment sequence", "why_it_matters": "Processing changes composition, biological activity and whether the material still falls within this model." }, { "name": "Salinity", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Record salinity definition, method and scale; Practical Salinity is dimensionless, Absolute Salinity is expressed in g/kg", "why_it_matters": "Supports comparison and property calculations without conflating different salinity quantities." }, { "name": "Major-ion composition", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Constituent-specific concentrations in mmol/kg or mg/kg, with analytical basis", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes a marine salt mixture from simple saline water and informs chemical compatibility." }, { "name": "Temperature and pressure", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Temperature in °C; pressure in dbar or Pa with absolute or sea-pressure convention", "why_it_matters": "Conditions density, gas behaviour and phase boundaries." }, { "name": "Density", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "kg/m³ at stated temperature, salinity and pressure; identify measured or calculated value", "why_it_matters": "Supports mass-volume conversion and interpretation of buoyancy and stratification." }, { "name": "Carbonate chemistry", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "pH with scale and temperature; total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon in µmol/kg", "why_it_matters": "Supports interpretation of acid-base condition and carbonate precipitation or dissolution." }, { "name": "Dissolved oxygen", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "µmol/kg or mg/L; saturation percentage with calculation conditions", "why_it_matters": "Helps assess oxygen availability and changes caused by biological activity or gas exchange." }, { "name": "Suspended material and optical condition", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Suspended solids in mg/L; turbidity with instrument-specific unit and method", "why_it_matters": "Informs filtration needs and distinguishes measured particles from visual clarity." }, { "name": "Biological and contaminant burden", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Target-specific organism counts, assay results or chemical concentrations, with detection limits", "why_it_matters": "Supports use-specific assessment without treating untested hazards as absent." }, { "name": "Use suitability", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Unassessed, suitable, conditionally suitable or unsuitable for a named use and criterion set", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a result for one application from being mistaken for general safety or fitness." } ], "affordances": [ "Collect and characterise a representative sample with traceable location, depth, time and handling.", "Compare samples while accounting for salinity conventions, measurement methods and environmental conditions.", "Estimate relevant physical properties using a documented seawater formulation within its supported range.", "Assess a specified volume against the requirements of cooling, aquaculture, research or treatment feedwater use.", "Determine which filtration, disinfection or desalination steps require investigation and subsequent verification.", "Detect changes during storage or handling and identify when resampling is needed." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "marine-identity-and-boundaries", "name": "Marine identity and boundaries", "description": "Establishes which marine material is represented and how mixing or processing affects its identity.", "rationale": "Sea water is a variable natural mixture whose identity depends on provenance as well as composition.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-water-context", "name": "Source water context", "description": "Connects a sample or volume to its marine origin.", "findings": [ { "id": "marine-origin-evidence", "name": "Marine origin evidence", "description": "Record the collection location, depth, time and evidence supporting marine origin.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which sea, coastal area or offshore water body supplied this water, and where and when was it collected?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "marine-origin-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Does the record describe an individual sample, a collected batch or a changing intake stream?", "kind": "definition", "id": "marine-origin-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "mixing-and-processing-boundaries", "name": "Mixing and processing boundaries", "description": "Distinguishes marine variability from transformation into a neighbouring material.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-after-change", "name": "Identity after change", "description": "Record freshwater mixing, evaporation and processing before deciding whether this entry remains applicable.", "questions": [ { "text": "What freshwater inputs, evaporation or treatment have altered the water since its marine source?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "identity-after-change-q01" }, { "text": "Should the resulting material remain sea water or be linked to a model for artificial seawater, desalinated water or process brine?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "identity-after-change-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "salts-and-dissolved-chemistry", "name": "Salts and dissolved chemistry", "description": "Describes the dissolved mixture and the conventions used to quantify it.", "rationale": "Salinity alone does not establish ionic composition, acid-base condition or suitability for an application.", "layers": [ { "id": "salinity-and-ion-balance", "name": "Salinity and ion balance", "description": "Makes salinity values interpretable alongside constituent measurements.", "findings": [ { "id": "salt-mixture-characterisation", "name": "Salt mixture characterisation", "description": "Record the salinity quantity and relevant major-ion concentrations with their measurement basis.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which salinity quantity was reported, and how was it measured or derived?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "salt-mixture-characterisation-q01" }, { "text": "Are sodium, chloride, magnesium, sulfate, calcium and potassium measured, or assumed from a reference composition?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "salt-mixture-characterisation-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "carbonate-gases-and-nutrients", "name": "Carbonate, gases and nutrients", "description": "Captures dissolved constituents that respond to exchange, biological activity and chemical reactions.", "findings": [ { "id": "reactive-dissolved-condition", "name": "Reactive dissolved condition", "description": "Record carbonate-system measurements, oxygen and relevant nutrients without inferring missing quantities from appearance.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which pH scale, measurement temperature and carbonate-system quantities are available?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "reactive-dissolved-condition-q01" }, { "text": "What dissolved oxygen and nutrient measurements are needed to judge the intended use or observed condition?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "reactive-dissolved-condition-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "physical-state-and-phase-behaviour", "name": "Physical state and phase behaviour", "description": "Connects physical properties to salinity, temperature, pressure and phase changes.", "rationale": "Sea water cannot be assigned the fixed physical constants of a pure substance.", "layers": [ { "id": "condition-dependent-properties", "name": "Condition-dependent properties", "description": "Qualifies measured or calculated properties by the conditions under which they apply.", "findings": [ { "id": "property-calculation-basis", "name": "Property calculation basis", "description": "Attach environmental conditions and calculation conventions to density and other physical properties.", "questions": [ { "text": "At what temperature, salinity and pressure was density measured or calculated?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "property-calculation-basis-q01" }, { "text": "Which seawater formulation supports any estimated viscosity, sound speed or heat capacity, and is this sample within its range?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "property-calculation-basis-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "freezing-and-concentration", "name": "Freezing and concentration", "description": "Tracks changes caused by ice formation, evaporation and salt precipitation.", "findings": [ { "id": "phase-change-material-balance", "name": "Phase-change material balance", "description": "Distinguish the remaining liquid from separated ice, vapour or solids when phase changes alter composition.", "questions": [ { "text": "Has freezing, evaporation or precipitation changed the composition of the remaining liquid?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "phase-change-material-balance-q01" }, { "text": "Does the reported sample include ice or precipitated salts, or only the separated liquid fraction?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "phase-change-material-balance-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "biological-load-and-sample-integrity", "name": "Biological load and sample integrity", "description": "Captures living, particulate and contaminant constituents together with changes after collection.", "rationale": "Natural sea water contains components that may vary rapidly and may be changed or lost during sampling.", "layers": [ { "id": "particles-organisms-and-contaminants", "name": "Particles, organisms and contaminants", "description": "Separates measured burdens from appearance and unsupported absence claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "constituent-specific-assessment", "name": "Constituent-specific assessment", "description": "Record targeted particle, organism and contaminant results with methods and detection limits.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which suspended solids, microorganisms, algal toxins or chemical contaminants were actually tested?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "constituent-specific-assessment-q01" }, { "text": "Do the methods and detection limits support the proposed use-specific conclusion?", "kind": "action", "id": "constituent-specific-assessment-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "collection-and-storage-effects", "name": "Collection and storage effects", "description": "Determines whether a stored sample still represents the source water for the property being assessed.", "findings": [ { "id": "sample-representativeness", "name": "Sample representativeness", "description": "Record handling conditions that can change gases, organisms, particles or dissolved chemistry.", "questions": [ { "text": "What container, filtration, preservation, headspace, storage temperature and elapsed time apply?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "sample-representativeness-q01" }, { "text": "Could settling, gas exchange, biological activity or container interaction require a new sample for this measurement?", "kind": "action", "id": "sample-representativeness-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-suitability-and-treatment", "name": "Use suitability and treatment", "description": "Connects measured condition to a named application and the evidence needed before use.", "rationale": "Acceptability depends on the application, receiving system and applicable criteria, rather than a universal sea-water grade.", "layers": [ { "id": "application-and-material-compatibility", "name": "Application and material compatibility", "description": "Assesses relevant composition and condition against the needs of the intended recipient or equipment.", "findings": [ { "id": "fitness-for-named-use", "name": "Fitness for named use", "description": "Make suitability conditional on a specified application and its biological, chemical and engineering requirements.", "questions": [ { "text": "What application is proposed, and which salinity, biological-load and contaminant criteria apply?", "kind": "action", "id": "fitness-for-named-use-q01" }, { "text": "Which receiving organisms or wetted materials constrain temperature, corrosion, scaling or fouling tolerance?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "fitness-for-named-use-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "treatment-and-applicable-classification", "name": "Treatment and applicable classification", "description": "Links required changes and classifications to the actual material and intended jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "verified-treatment-outcome", "name": "Verified treatment outcome", "description": "Record the intended treatment outcome, evidence of achievement and any applicable supplier or regulatory classification.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which constituents must be removed or adjusted, and what post-treatment measurements will establish success?", "kind": "action", "id": "verified-treatment-outcome-q01" }, { "text": "Which supplier record or jurisdiction-specific rule establishes any claimed identifier, hazard classification or use restriction for this material?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "verified-treatment-outcome-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Sea water is a variable natural mixture, so a single molecular formula, purity specification or universal hazard classification is inappropriate.", "Practical Salinity under PSS-78 is dimensionless; it should not be treated as identical to Absolute Salinity expressed in g/kg.", "Reported property values require temperature, pressure, salinity and measurement conventions; the ranges here are recalled approximations, not researched specifications." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of sea water this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Open-ocean sea water", "Coastal sea water", "Surface sea water", "Deep sea water", "Brackish sea water", "Hypersaline sea water" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of sea water this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "TEOS-10, adopted by UNESCO's Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, provides the thermodynamic framework for calculating seawater properties.", "The Practical Salinity Scale 1978 (PSS-78), developed through international oceanographic bodies including UNESCO, ICES, SCOR and IAPSO, defines practical salinity from conductivity measurements." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of sea water this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Feedwater for desalination", "Cooling water for coastal industrial facilities and power stations", "Marine aquaculture", "Production of sea salt and recovery of dissolved minerals", "Oceanographic observation and climate research" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of sea water this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Dissolved salt mass fraction", "typical_range": "Approximately 33-37 in much of the open ocean; coastal and enclosed waters can differ substantially", "unit": "g/kg" }, { "quantity": "Density", "typical_range": "Approximately 1020-1030 near atmospheric pressure, depending on temperature and salinity", "unit": "kg/m³" }, { "quantity": "Surface pH", "typical_range": "Approximately 7.8-8.3; depends on location, season and the pH scale used", "unit": "dimensionless" }, { "quantity": "Initial freezing temperature", "typical_range": "Approximately −1.9 at salinity near 35 g/kg and atmospheric pressure", "unit": "°C" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of sea water this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Chloride-rich water promotes corrosion, including pitting of susceptible metals.", "Biological growth and mineral deposits can foul pipes, filters and heat exchangers.", "High salt content makes untreated sea water unsuitable as drinking water.", "Pathogens, harmful algal products and chemical pollutants can occur; their presence depends on local conditions.", "Salt intrusion can impair freshwater supplies and damage salt-sensitive soils and crops." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of sea water this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "River inflow and precipitation lower salinity, while evaporation and restricted exchange can raise it.", "Polar waters undergo seasonal changes associated with sea-ice formation and melting.", "Temperature, oxygen, nutrients and carbonate chemistry vary with latitude, depth, circulation and biological activity." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of sea water this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Fresh water", "difference": "Has much lower dissolved salt content; sea water is the saline mixture associated with marine waters." }, { "name": "Brackish water", "difference": "Has salinity intermediate between fresh water and ordinary sea water and can occur in both marine and inland settings." }, { "name": "Brine", "difference": "Denotes highly saline water, generally more concentrated than ordinary sea water, regardless of origin." }, { "name": "Sodium chloride solution", "difference": "Contains sodium chloride in water but need not contain the other major ions and constituents characteristic of sea water." }, { "name": "Artificial seawater", "difference": "Is deliberately formulated to reproduce selected seawater properties rather than collected from a sea or ocean." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of sea water this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does an existing Vercy world model already own sea water or the broader natural saline-water concept?", "What registry boundary should apply to estuarine mixtures, naturally hypersaline marine water and heavily processed sea water?", "Which authoritative seawater measurement conventions and property formulations should the model adopt, including limits for unusual compositions?", "Which intended applications and jurisdictions should supply concrete acceptance criteria, sampling requirements and retesting intervals?", "Are any chemical registry identifiers or hazard classifications applicable to the specific natural mixture or supplied grade, rather than to an artificial formulation or individual constituent?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a sea water, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise sea water, assess its changing composition and condition, and determine its suitability for a specified use or treatment.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water.", "1 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 67 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a sea water, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 67 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 1 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one sea water from another, and a sea water from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a sea water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a sea water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a sea water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a sea water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a sea water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a sea water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a sea water sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a sea water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a sea water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a sea water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a sea water from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a sea water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a sea water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a sea water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a sea water is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a sea water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a sea water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a sea water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a sea water is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a sea water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a sea water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a sea water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a sea water is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a sea water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a sea water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a sea water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a sea water is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a sea water is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a sea water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a sea water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a sea water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a sea water is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a sea water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a sea water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a sea water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a sea water passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a sea water between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a sea water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a sea water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a sea water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a sea water, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a sea water is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a sea water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a sea water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a sea water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a sea water and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a sea water is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a sea water performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a sea water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a sea water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a sea water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a sea water.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a sea water at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a sea water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a sea water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a sea water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a sea water there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a sea water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a sea water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a sea water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What sea water is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name sea water unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of sea water exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How sea water behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of sea water, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is sea water incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How sea water can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is sea water classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover sea water, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a sea water came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a sea water and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a sea water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a sea water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a sea water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a sea water is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a sea water, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a sea water, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a sea water is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }