{ "model": { "rank": 3102, "code": "thing-q184624", "model_id": "vr.tr.peat", "name": "peat", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise peat, assess its material condition and identify uses or interventions that its composition, hydrological history and environmental context support.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q184624/", "tier": 2, "score": 91, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "fuel peat", "minerotrophic peat", "Darg", "Balneological peat", "milled peat", "peat litter", "Extraction of peat" ], "aliasCount": 7, "merged": 7, "knownIn": 91, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.peat", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q184624", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184624", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T14:47:43Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.0486943, "turns": 2, "seconds": 211.8, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 79.8, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c53-a69d-7801-8f7e-f6ae51fd38c5\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: peat\nRegistry id: vr.tr.peat\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA Vercy model s" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q184624", "registryId": "vr.tr.peat", "name": "peat", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q184624/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.peat", "name": "peat", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise peat, assess its material condition and identify uses or interventions that its composition, hydrological history and environmental context support.", "definition": "Peat is a naturally occurring organic soil formed by the sedentary accumulation of partially decomposed plant remains (mosses, sedges, grasses, shrubs or trees) under persistently water-saturated, anaerobic conditions in peatlands, bogs, fens, mires, moors, mangroves and muskeg.", "scope_statement": "This model owns peat as accumulated, incompletely decomposed plant-derived organic material, whether in a deposit or removed as a material lot, including its identity, composition, condition, provenance and constraints on handling or use.", "in_scope": [ "Recognition of peat and its boundaries against litter, other organic soils, compost and coal", "Botanical constituents, degree of decomposition and mineral admixture", "Moisture, density, pore structure and changes caused by drying or processing", "Deposit or material-lot provenance and extraction or handling history", "Material suitability, degradation hazards and evidence needed before intervention" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Whole-peatland habitats, species communities and ecological conservation planning", "Catchment hydrology and regional water management", "Extraction businesses, machinery and production operations", "Finished growing-media formulations and crop cultivation systems", "Combustion equipment, energy systems and fuel markets", "Land tenure, permitting systems and carbon-credit accounting methodologies" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Distinguish peat from fresh litter by evidence of accumulated, partially decomposed plant material rather than only recently deposited plant remains.", "Distinguish peat from compost by formation and processing history: natural accumulation under conditions that inhibit decomposition versus managed composting; appearance alone may be insufficient.", "Distinguish peat from mineral soil containing organic matter using measured organic and mineral fractions under a named classification system rather than colour alone.", "Distinguish peat from lignite or other coal using formation history and evidence of coalification; dark colour and combustibility do not establish identity.", "Distinguish peat from a peat-containing growing medium by establishing whether additives or other substrate materials have been blended into it." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Material occurrence", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "In-situ deposit; extracted lot; processed peat; peat component of a mixture; unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Determines the material boundary and whether observations describe a deposit, a lot or only one constituent." }, { "name": "Botanical composition", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Identified moss, sedge, reed, woody or other plant remains; mixed; unresolved; identification method recorded", "why_it_matters": "Helps distinguish peat types and interpret structure, formation and potential use." }, { "name": "Degree of decomposition", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Class on a named decomposition or humification scale, with method and observer", "why_it_matters": "Supports comparison of preserved fibres, material structure and handling behaviour." }, { "name": "Organic matter and ash fractions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Percent of dry mass, with analytical method and treatment conditions", "why_it_matters": "Supports identity assessment and reveals mineral admixture that can affect use." }, { "name": "Water content", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Percent by wet mass or dry mass, or volumetric fraction; basis, method and sampling time required", "why_it_matters": "Affects mass estimates, handling, storage and interpretation of other measurements." }, { "name": "Bulk density", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "kg/m³, with moisture condition and whether intact, loose or compacted", "why_it_matters": "Connects volume to material quantity and helps assess compaction or processing effects." }, { "name": "Acidity and soluble salts", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "pH and electrical conductivity in mS/cm, each with extraction method and test conditions", "why_it_matters": "Helps assess compatibility with proposed growing-media uses and identify effects of amendments or exposure." }, { "name": "Drying and structural condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Saturated; moist; dried; rewetted; compacted; fragmented; combinations allowed with evidence", "why_it_matters": "Current moisture alone may not reveal changes in structure or wetting behaviour caused by prior handling." }, { "name": "Source and material lineage", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Links to source deposit, sampled horizon, extraction event, parent lot and processing records", "why_it_matters": "Connects observations to the material actually being assessed and supports traceability." }, { "name": "Foreign constituents and contaminants", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Named constituent with concentration and unit, test method, detection limit and sampling scope", "why_it_matters": "Provides evidence for use restrictions without treating an untested lot as uncontaminated." } ], "affordances": [ "Classify a sample as peat or flag the evidence needed to resolve an uncertain identity.", "Plan representative sampling across deposit horizons or material lots.", "Compare peat materials for a stated use using measurements on compatible bases.", "Specify handling, storage or rewetting trials based on moisture and structural history.", "Flag conditions requiring assessment of oxidation, smouldering or contaminant exposure before disturbance.", "Trace an extracted lot to its source and identify external ecological or regulatory decisions required before use." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "astm-d4427-23", "title": "Standard Classification of Peat Samples by Laboratory Testing (D4427-23)", "url": "https://www.astm.org/d4427-23.html", "what_it_supports": "Engineering definition of peat as sedentary anaerobic plant-derived organic soil; purpose of laboratory naming for horticultural, geotechnical and energy use.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "lourenco-2023", "title": "Peat definitions: A critical review", "url": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/03091333221118353", "what_it_supports": "History of contested peat definitions; von Post scale; ASTM 'true peat' organic-matter threshold; classification by water source, humification and ash/organic content.", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "zulkifley-2013", "title": "Definitions and engineering classifications of tropical lowland peats", "url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10064-013-0520-5", "what_it_supports": "Engineering organic-content cut-offs (peat >75% organic matter); ASTM D4427/D5715/D2974 practice; mapping of von Post H-classes onto fibric, hemic and sapric peat.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "alaska-dot-peat", "title": "Peat and Organic Soil (geotechnical materials guidance)", "url": "https://dot.alaska.gov/stwddes/desmaterials/assets/pdf/geo_man/peat_organicsoil.pdf", "what_it_supports": "Field von Post squeeze test (ASTM D5715); fibre-content classes; use of loss-on-ignition with the Unified Soil Classification System.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "roadex-peat", "title": "Roads on peat: 1. Peat", "url": "https://www.roadex.org/e-learning/lessons/roads-on-peat/peat/", "what_it_supports": "Radforth structural types; von Post field identification; road-engineering grouping into fibrous, medium-decayed and amorphous peat.", "url_status": "unverified" }, { "id": "carlile-soilless", "title": "Organic Soilless Media Components - Peat (Soilless Culture)", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/peat-bog", "what_it_supports": "International Peatland Society botanical/trophic classification; horticultural white, dark and black peat versus von Post H-classes.", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "schmilewski-growing-media", "title": "The Role of Peat in Assuring the Quality of Growing Media", "url": "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26841900_The_role_of_peat_in_assuring_the_quality_of_growing_media", "what_it_supports": "DIN 11540 / EN 13037-13041 guide values for raised-bog Sphagnum peat (bulk density, pore space, pH, organic matter, conductivity).", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "intech-horticulture", "title": "Peat Use in Horticulture", "url": "https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/62735", "what_it_supports": "Horticultural, agricultural, fuel and balneological uses; quality parameters; carbon and oxygen shift with humification.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "iucn-uk-peat", "title": "Celebrating Peat Free April: Your Questions Answered", "url": "https://www.iucn-uk-peatlandprogramme.org/blog/iucn-uk-peatland-programme/celebrating-peat-free-april-your-questions-answered", "what_it_supports": "UK peatland formation and degradation; distinction of blond/white Sphagnum peat from more decomposed grades; horticultural extraction pressure.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "peat-hub-ireland-ch7", "title": "Climate impact of peat extraction for horticultural use and fuel", "url": "https://www.ucd.ie/peat-hub-ireland/t4media/1025_Peatlands_and_climate_change_SISUS_Chapter7.pdf", "what_it_supports": "UNFCCC reporting of peat combustion and extraction emissions; typical fuel-peat organic carbon; horticultural peat decomposition after use.", "url_status": "live" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "peat-identity-and-boundaries", "name": "Peat identity and boundaries", "description": "Establish whether the subject is peat and define the material being assessed.", "rationale": "Peat can be confused with other dark organic materials, while a deposit, an extracted lot and a blend require different boundaries.", "layers": [ { "id": "formation-and-recognition", "name": "Formation and recognition", "description": "Connect observed plant remains and decomposition to evidence of peat formation.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-of-peat-identity", "name": "Evidence of peat identity", "description": "Record the observations and classification basis supporting or challenging identification as peat.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence shows accumulated, incompletely decomposed plant material formed under conditions that inhibited decomposition?", "kind": "definition", "id": "evidence-of-peat-identity-q01" }, { "text": "Which observations distinguish this sample from fresh litter, compost, organic-rich mineral soil or lignite?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "evidence-of-peat-identity-q02" }, { "text": "Which classification system is being used, and what evidence is missing for its peat criteria?", "kind": "definition", "id": "evidence-of-peat-identity-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "deposit-lot-and-mixture", "name": "Deposit, lot and mixture", "description": "Locate the subject boundary and distinguish peat from adjacent material or added constituents.", "findings": [ { "id": "peat-material-boundary", "name": "Peat material boundary", "description": "Identify the deposit interval, lot or mixture component to which observations apply.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this record describe an in-situ peat interval, an extracted lot, processed peat or the peat fraction of a blend?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "peat-material-boundary-q01" }, { "text": "Where does the assessed peat end, and how are overlying litter, mineral interbeds or added substrate ingredients excluded or recorded?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "peat-material-boundary-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "plant-remains-and-material-composition", "name": "Plant remains and material composition", "description": "Describe the biological remnants, decomposition and non-plant constituents that differentiate peat materials.", "rationale": "The label peat alone does not establish fibre preservation, mineral content or chemical suitability.", "layers": [ { "id": "botanical-remains-and-decomposition", "name": "Botanical remains and decomposition", "description": "Assess identifiable plant constituents and the extent to which their structure persists.", "findings": [ { "id": "plant-remains-and-humification", "name": "Plant remains and humification", "description": "Record botanical evidence and decomposition assessments with their methods and uncertainty.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which plant remains can be identified, and how much of the material is too decomposed for confident identification?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "plant-remains-and-humification-q01" }, { "text": "What decomposition class or fibre assessment was obtained, using which method and sample condition?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "plant-remains-and-humification-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "mineral-and-chemical-composition", "name": "Mineral and chemical composition", "description": "Characterise mineral admixture, acidity, soluble salts and constituents relevant to a proposed use.", "findings": [ { "id": "composition-for-interpretation-and-use", "name": "Composition for interpretation and use", "description": "Keep analytical results tied to methods, sampling boundaries and known amendments.", "questions": [ { "text": "What organic matter and ash fractions were measured, and on what dry-mass and analytical basis?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "composition-for-interpretation-and-use-q01" }, { "text": "What are the measured pH and electrical conductivity, and were extraction methods and test conditions recorded?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "composition-for-interpretation-and-use-q02" }, { "text": "Which mineral inputs, amendments or possible contaminants are supported by source history or testing?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "composition-for-interpretation-and-use-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "water-and-physical-condition", "name": "Water and physical condition", "description": "Assess peat moisture, structure and responses to drying, compaction or rewetting.", "rationale": "Peat condition depends on both current water content and prior physical change, affecting handling and performance.", "layers": [ { "id": "moisture-and-pore-structure", "name": "Moisture and pore structure", "description": "Measure water and material structure under explicit sampling and preparation conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "water-and-volume-state", "name": "Water and volume state", "description": "Record comparable moisture, density and pore-related observations.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is the water content, on which mass or volume basis, and how recently was the sample collected?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "water-and-volume-state-q01" }, { "text": "What bulk density and pore or water-retention measurements describe this peat under its intact, loose or compacted condition?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "water-and-volume-state-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "drying-compaction-and-rewetting", "name": "Drying, compaction and rewetting", "description": "Connect physical history to observed changes in peat structure and wetting behaviour.", "findings": [ { "id": "physical-change-and-recovery", "name": "Physical change and recovery", "description": "Assess whether prior drying or processing has changed the material and what a rewetting trial establishes.", "questions": [ { "text": "What drying, milling, compression or storage history is known for this peat?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "physical-change-and-recovery-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence of shrinkage, fragmentation, compaction or resistance to wetting is present?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "physical-change-and-recovery-q02" }, { "text": "What trial would establish achievable rewetting or physical performance before committing this peat to the proposed use?", "kind": "action", "id": "physical-change-and-recovery-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "peat-provenance-and-action-constraints", "name": "Peat provenance and action constraints", "description": "Connect material observations to source context, degradation hazards and decisions about disturbance, storage or use.", "rationale": "A usable peat sample does not by itself establish that extraction, handling or application is appropriate.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-context-and-representativeness", "name": "Source context and representativeness", "description": "Trace the material and determine how far sample-level conclusions can be extended.", "findings": [ { "id": "traceable-and-representative-peat", "name": "Traceable and representative peat", "description": "Record source intervals and lot history while exposing unmeasured variability.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which deposit, depth interval or parent lot supplied this peat, and what drainage, extraction or blending history is documented?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "traceable-and-representative-peat-q01" }, { "text": "Which spatial intervals or portions of the lot do the samples represent, and where might botanical, mineral or moisture conditions differ?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "traceable-and-representative-peat-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "degradation-hazards-and-use-decisions", "name": "Degradation hazards and use decisions", "description": "Identify evidence required to handle or use peat and dependencies on neighbouring decision models.", "findings": [ { "id": "peat-specific-action-readiness", "name": "Peat-specific action readiness", "description": "Relate proposed actions to material suitability, oxidation or smouldering concerns and source-site consequences.", "questions": [ { "text": "For the proposed storage, transport or use, what moisture, temperature and exposure observations require further assessment of oxidation or smouldering?", "kind": "action", "id": "peat-specific-action-readiness-q01" }, { "text": "Which measured peat properties meet the stated use requirements, and which missing tests prevent a suitability decision?", "kind": "action", "id": "peat-specific-action-readiness-q02" }, { "text": "Before disturbing or extracting this peat, which linked peatland, hydrological, land-use or regulatory assessments must resolve the consequences and permissions?", "kind": "action", "id": "peat-specific-action-readiness-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "fibric (fibrous) peat - high fibre, von Post about H1-H3", "hemic peat - intermediate fibre and humification, von Post about H4-H6", "sapric (amorphous) peat - low fibre, mushy, von Post about H7-H10", "sphagnum / moss peat", "sedge peat", "woody peat", "white or blond peat (weakly decomposed horticultural grade)", "black peat (strongly decomposed horticultural or fuel grade)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of peat this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q207163", "note": "Item for peat as the material." }, { "scheme": "Harmonized System / Combined Nomenclature", "value_or_pattern": "2703", "note": "Peat (including peat litter), whether or not agglomerated - the usual traded-product heading." }, { "scheme": "USDA Soil Taxonomy", "value_or_pattern": "Histosols (Fibrists, Hemists, Saprists)", "note": "Soil-order and suborder names for peat and related organic soils, aligned with fibre/humification." }, { "scheme": "World Reference Base for Soil Resources (IUSS/FAO)", "value_or_pattern": "Histosols", "note": "Reference Soil Group for organic soils including peat; organic material is defined on an organic-carbon threshold, not the engineering 75% organic-matter cut-off." }, { "scheme": "ISO 14688 soil group symbol", "value_or_pattern": "Pt", "note": "Field/laboratory symbol for peat in geotechnical description, further qualified as fibrous, pseudo-fibrous or amorphous." }, { "scheme": "von Post humification scale", "value_or_pattern": "H1-H10", "note": "Field squeeze-test grades used to name peat in resource survey, horticulture and geotechnics; not a catalogue identifier for the substance as a whole." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of peat this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "ASTM D4427 Standard Classification of Peat Samples by Laboratory Testing - ASTM International", "ASTM D1997 fibre content of peat - ASTM International", "ASTM D2974 moisture, ash and organic matter of peat and other organic soils - ASTM International", "ASTM D2976 pH of peat materials - ASTM International", "ASTM D5715 estimating degree of humification of peat by visual/manual (von Post) method - ASTM International", "ASTM D2978 volume of peat and peat-based growing media - ASTM International", "EN ISO 14688-1/2 Geotechnical investigation and testing - identification and classification of soil (fibrous, pseudo-fibrous and amorphous peat; gyttja and humic soils listed separately) - ISO/CEN", "EN 13037, EN 13038, EN 13039, EN 13041 - pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter and physical properties of soil improvers and growing media - CEN", "DIN 11540 guide values for raised-bog peat as growing-media feedstock - DIN (Germany)", "USDA Soil Taxonomy: Histosols - USDA-NRCS", "World Reference Base for Soil Resources: Histosols - IUSS/FAO", "UNFCCC inventory practice: peat combustion reported in Energy; extraction-area and horticultural-peat decomposition emissions reported in LULUCF" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of peat this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Dominant constituent of commercial soilless growing media and potting mixes, especially weakly to moderately humified Sphagnum peat (about H2-H5).", "Soil amendment to raise water-holding capacity of sandy soils and infiltration of clay soils, and to acidify mixes for calcifuge plants.", "Solid fuel (milled peat, sod peat, briquettes) for domestic heat and some power generation, historically and still in parts of Ireland, Finland, Sweden, the Baltics and Russia.", "Geotechnical problem material: roads, embankments and foundations on peat require specialised design because of high compressibility and low strength.", "In situ carbon store in peatlands; drainage, extraction and after-use oxidation are accounted as greenhouse-gas sources.", "Minor uses include peat baths and wraps (balneology), aquarium-water softening, and experimental or niche chemical products such as activated carbon." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of peat this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "rubbed or laboratory fibre content (ASTM classes)", "typical_range": "fibric >67; hemic 33-67; sapric <33", "unit": "% fibres" }, { "quantity": "ash content (loss on ignition complement, ASTM D2974)", "typical_range": "low <5; medium 5-15; high >15", "unit": "% dry mass" }, { "quantity": "organic-matter content used to name peat versus organic soil", "typical_range": "engineering peat commonly >75; Joosten/Clarke ecological peat ≥30; horticultural Sphagnum often 94-99", "unit": "% dry mass" }, { "quantity": "pH of raised-bog Sphagnum peat (EN 13037)", "typical_range": "3.5-5.0 (ASTM 'highly acidic' peat is pH <4.5)", "unit": "pH" }, { "quantity": "dry bulk density of raised-bog peat (EN 13041 / DIN 11540)", "typical_range": "about 50-80 (weakly humified) to 160-220 (strongly humified)", "unit": "kg/m³" }, { "quantity": "total pore space of raised-bog peat", "typical_range": "about 87-97", "unit": "% v/v" }, { "quantity": "von Post humification", "typical_range": "1 (undecomposed) to 10 (completely humified)", "unit": "H-class" }, { "quantity": "organic carbon in fuel peat", "typical_range": "about 50-65 dry; carbon also rises from ~50 at H1-H3 to ~60 at H8-H10", "unit": "% dry mass" }, { "quantity": "long-term peat accumulation rate (order of magnitude)", "typical_range": "about 0.5", "unit": "mm/year" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of peat this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Very high compressibility, low undrained strength and large primary and secondary settlement under roads and foundations.", "Large shrinkage on drying (guide values about 20-50% v/v for raised-bog peat), with loss of structure and bearing.", "Once drained, peat oxidises: the deposit subsides and releases CO2 (and CH4), reported under UNFCCC energy and LULUCF rules for extraction and horticultural after-use.", "Dried peat ignites readily and burns with a smoky flame; drained peatlands can support persistent combustion.", "Horticultural and fuel extraction destroy living peatland, with well-documented loss of raised bog in the UK and comparable pressure in other producing regions.", "Untreated peat is typically acidic and nutrient-poor, so agricultural reclamation needs drainage, lime and fertiliser and still faces subsidence.", "Fuel-peat combustion has greenhouse-gas intensity comparable to fossil fuels even though peat is not ranked as coal." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of peat this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Organic-content cut-off is not global: many geotechnical systems (including ASTM-based tropical practice) call peat only above ~75% organic matter, while soil science and wise-use definitions use much lower dry-mass organic thresholds (~30-35% or a WRB organic-carbon rule).", "North America commonly uses muskeg for peat terrain and names woody peat; USDA Histosol suborders Fibrist/Hemist/Saprist parallel fibric/hemic/sapric.", "Horticultural trade in Europe names white/blond (Weißtorf), brown and black (Schwarztorf) peat by colour and von Post class; Germany additionally uses DIN 11540 feedstock grades.", "EN ISO 14688 describes fibrous, pseudo-fibrous and amorphous peat (plus gyttja and humic soils), which does not map one-to-one onto ASTM fibric/hemic/sapric.", "Boreal and Atlantic bogs are often Sphagnum-dominated and ombrotrophic; tropical lowland peats (e.g. Malaysia, Indonesia) are commonly woody and need local engineering classifications.", "Fuel-peat industries remain salient in Fennoscandia, Ireland and parts of the former USSR; UK/Ireland horticulture is shifting toward peat-free media under conservation pressure.", "Drained, earthified peat is called muck in the United States, earthy peat in Britain, and moorsh / Vererdete Torfböden in Polish and German/Dutch practice." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of peat this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "muck (earthy / sapric organic soil)", "difference": "Muck is more humified and often mineral-enriched; separate it by fibre content and von Post class (sapric, little recognisable tissue) plus ash/organic-matter tests, not by colour alone." }, { "name": "organic soil that is not peat", "difference": "In ASTM-type engineering practice, organic soils with about 20-75% organic matter are not named peat; use loss-on-ignition (ASTM D2974) against the local cut-off." }, { "name": "gyttja", "difference": "Gyttja is limnic organic mud deposited in standing water, not sedentary peat; ISO 14688 lists it as a separate organic soil, and the remains are typically fine algal/aquatic rather than a fibrous terrestrial plant framework." }, { "name": "lignite (brown coal)", "difference": "Lignite is the next coalification rank: denser, lower moisture, higher calorific value and treated as a solid fossil fuel; peat still shows plant tissue and very high natural water content and is not a coal rank." }, { "name": "compost", "difference": "Compost is aerobically managed, sanitised residue, not an anaerobic wetland accumulation; origin, hygiene, C:N and the absence of a von Post peat fabric separate it." }, { "name": "terrestrial forest litter / O horizon", "difference": "O horizons form under predominantly aerobic terrestrial conditions; peat/H layers require prolonged water saturation. Field wetness plus organic-carbon/organic-matter thresholds in WRB or Soil Taxonomy separate them." }, { "name": "coir and other peat-free growing media", "difference": "Similar horticultural function (water and air in containers) but different botanical origin; identify by fibre anatomy (coconut mesocarp vs Sphagnum leaves) and by declared feedstock, not by pH alone." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of peat this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which peat identification standard should govern organic-content criteria and boundaries with organic soil or lignite across the intended jurisdictions and uses?", "Which decomposition and botanical classification methods provide sufficiently comparable results for the deposits and extracted materials this model will cover?", "Which moisture, density and water-retention methods should be required to compare intact peat with processed or compressed peat?", "What sampling intensity and lot boundaries adequately represent variation through peat horizons and within commercial material lots?", "Which evidence and context-specific criteria are needed to assess smouldering, oxidation, contamination and suitability without implying universal safe thresholds?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 16, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a peat, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise peat, assess its material condition and identify uses or interventions that its composition, hydrological history and environmental context support.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: fuel peat, minerotrophic peat, Darg, Balneological peat, milled peat, peat litter, Extraction of peat.", "7 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 91 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a peat, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "fuel peat", "minerotrophic peat", "Darg", "Balneological peat", "milled peat", "peat litter", "Extraction of peat" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 91 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 7 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one peat from another, and a peat from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a peat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a peat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a peat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a peat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a peat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a peat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a peat sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a peat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a peat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a peat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a peat from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a peat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a peat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a peat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a peat is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a peat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a peat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a peat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a peat is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a peat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a peat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a peat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a peat is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a peat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a peat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a peat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a peat is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a peat is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a peat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a peat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a peat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a peat is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a peat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a peat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a peat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a peat passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a peat between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a peat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a peat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a peat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a peat, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a peat is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a peat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a peat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a peat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a peat and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a peat is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a peat performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a peat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a peat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a peat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a peat.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a peat at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a peat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a peat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a peat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a peat there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a peat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a peat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a peat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What peat is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name peat unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of peat exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How peat behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of peat, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is peat incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How peat can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is peat classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover peat, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a peat came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a peat and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a peat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a peat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a peat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a peat is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a peat, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a peat, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a peat is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }