{ "model": { "rank": 5206, "code": "thing-q184832", "model_id": "vr.tr.oxalic-acid", "name": "oxalic acid", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise oxalic acid, assess the form and condition of a particular sample, and determine which handling, analytical or application decisions its evidence supports.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q184832/", "tier": 2, "score": 69, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Oxalic acid-14C" ], "aliasCount": 1, "merged": 1, "knownIn": 69, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.oxalic-acid", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q184832", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184832", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T21:53:31Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 25.5, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08828-702f-7b23-aa42-51a162f46933\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: oxalic acid\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.MAT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 reg", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 64.9, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08828-702f-7a93-8c69-50640b9f06bb\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: oxalic acid\nRegistry id: vr.tr.oxalic-acid\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\n" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q184832", "registryId": "vr.tr.oxalic-acid", "name": "oxalic acid", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q184832/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.oxalic-acid", "name": "oxalic acid", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise oxalic acid, assess the form and condition of a particular sample, and determine which handling, analytical or application decisions its evidence supports.", "definition": "Oxalic acid is the simplest dicarboxylic acid, with formula H2C2O4 and structure HOOC-COOH, occurring in anhydrous and hydrated forms and forming hydrogen oxalate and oxalate salts on deprotonation.", "scope_statement": "This model owns oxalic acid as the substance registered under vr.tr.oxalic-acid in PHY / PHY.MAT, including its anhydrous and hydrated forms, sample composition, acid-oxalate behaviour, application suitability and handling constraints.", "in_scope": [ "Chemical identity and the distinction between anhydrous oxalic acid, hydrated material and dissolved acid", "Sample purity, grade, water content and application-relevant impurities", "Physical state and measured properties under stated conditions", "Acid dissociation, oxalate speciation, metal binding and precipitation behaviour", "Evidence supporting intended uses, exposure controls, storage and disposal" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Oxalate salts and esters as independently identified substances", "Complete formulations of cleaning products or other mixtures containing oxalic acid", "Manufacturing plants and synthesis processes", "Whole-organism oxalate metabolism, disease diagnosis and clinical treatment", "Application equipment and complete operating procedures" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Identity evidence must support the two directly connected carboxyl groups of HOOC-COOH, distinguishing oxalic acid from other organic acids.", "A sample identified as oxalic acid must be distinguished from an oxalate salt by its composition and any counterions; acidity alone is insufficient.", "Anhydrous material and the dihydrate must be distinguished by water-content or solid-form evidence because equal weighed masses do not contain equal amounts of oxalic acid.", "An aqueous sample requires analytical concentration and solution conditions; pH alone does not establish oxalic-acid identity or concentration.", "A product containing oxalic acid must retain its mixture identity rather than inherit the identity or purity of the isolated substance." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Substance and form identity", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Anhydrous oxalic acid; oxalic acid dihydrate; other or unresolved form", "why_it_matters": "Determines which identity records, mass conversions and property references apply." }, { "name": "Regulatory and database identifiers", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Verified CAS, PubChem CID and EC records, with their covered chemical form", "why_it_matters": "Prevents records for different forms or related oxalates from being treated as interchangeable." }, { "name": "Oxalic-acid assay", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass fraction or %, with method and as-received, dry or anhydrous-equivalent basis", "why_it_matters": "Makes purity claims and weighed quantities interpretable." }, { "name": "Water content", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "% by mass, with method and distinction between hydration water and other moisture where established", "why_it_matters": "Supports form identification and corrections to analytical or application quantities." }, { "name": "Grade and impurity profile", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Declared grade, applicable specification and measured impurity limits", "why_it_matters": "A grade label alone does not establish suitability for a sensitive use." }, { "name": "Physical condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Solid or solution; temperature; visible contamination; caking or other observed changes", "why_it_matters": "Records the actual material being assessed rather than assuming reference conditions." }, { "name": "Solution concentration", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mol/L, g/L or mass %, with solvent, temperature and acid-equivalent basis", "why_it_matters": "Supports reproducible comparisons and avoids confusing hydrate mass with dissolved acid content." }, { "name": "Acid-oxalate speciation conditions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "pH, temperature, ionic strength and relevant dissolved-ion concentrations", "why_it_matters": "These conditions affect protonation, metal binding and precipitation." }, { "name": "Solubility and thermal behaviour", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Solubility in stated units and solvent; thermal events in °C with method, pressure and event assignment", "why_it_matters": "Dissolution, dehydration, melting and decomposition must not be collapsed into an unsupported property value." }, { "name": "Applicable hazard and exposure record", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Current form- or mixture-specific safety data, jurisdiction, classification and exposure-limit basis", "why_it_matters": "Connects handling decisions to the material and rules that actually apply." } ], "affordances": [ "Resolve a label or supplier record to the correct oxalic-acid form and flag conflicting identity evidence.", "Convert weighed material to oxalic-acid amount using verified hydration state and assay.", "Assess whether a sample meets the purity and impurity requirements of a proposed use.", "Evaluate dissolution, acid-base behaviour and possible metal-oxalate formation under specified conditions.", "Compare a proposed application with evidence for substrate compatibility and performance.", "Identify handling, storage and waste constraints from applicable safety records." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "chemical-identity-and-boundaries", "name": "Chemical identity and boundaries", "description": "Establishes what counts as oxalic acid and which chemical form a record describes.", "rationale": "Confusion among the free acid, its hydrate, oxalate salts and formulated products propagates into quantity and safety errors.", "layers": [ { "id": "molecular-identity", "name": "Molecular identity", "description": "Connects names and identifiers to the oxalic-acid structure.", "findings": [ { "id": "acid-identity-evidence", "name": "Acid identity evidence", "description": "Require evidence that identifies oxalic acid rather than inferring identity from acidity or an oxalate-related name.", "questions": [ { "text": "What structural or analytical evidence identifies this material as HOOC-COOH?", "kind": "definition", "id": "acid-identity-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which authoritative identifier records were checked, and what chemical form does each cover?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "acid-identity-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "hydrate-and-mixture-boundaries", "name": "Hydrate and mixture boundaries", "description": "Separates substance identity from hydration state, counterions and product formulation.", "findings": [ { "id": "form-and-boundary-resolution", "name": "Form and boundary resolution", "description": "Record the acid's form while preserving separate identities for salts and containing products.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the record describe anhydrous acid, dihydrate, a solution or an unresolved form?", "kind": "definition", "id": "form-and-boundary-resolution-q01" }, { "text": "Do counterions or additional ingredients require linking this record to an oxalate-salt or mixture model?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "form-and-boundary-resolution-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "sample-composition-and-quantity", "name": "Sample composition and quantity", "description": "Makes sample-level claims about purity, water and usable acid content explicit.", "rationale": "Oxalic-acid quantities depend on hydration and assay, while impurities can determine whether a nominally correct substance is usable.", "layers": [ { "id": "assay-and-water-basis", "name": "Assay and water basis", "description": "Defines how measured mass relates to oxalic-acid content.", "findings": [ { "id": "acid-equivalent-accounting", "name": "Acid-equivalent accounting", "description": "Keep assay and water-content results on explicit bases before calculating amounts.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the measured assay and water content, and are they reported as received, on a dry basis or as anhydrous acid?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "acid-equivalent-accounting-q01" }, { "text": "What verified form and assay corrections are required to convert this sample's mass into moles of oxalic acid?", "kind": "action", "id": "acid-equivalent-accounting-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-contaminants", "name": "Grade and contaminants", "description": "Relates lot evidence to application-specific composition requirements.", "findings": [ { "id": "lot-suitability-evidence", "name": "Lot suitability evidence", "description": "Evaluate actual specifications and impurity measurements rather than treating a grade name as sufficient.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which certificate, lot and test methods support the claimed grade and impurity profile?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "lot-suitability-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which impurities could interfere with the intended analysis, metal treatment or other application, and what acceptance limits apply?", "kind": "action", "id": "lot-suitability-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "physical-and-solution-behaviour", "name": "Physical and solution behaviour", "description": "Records how oxalic acid behaves as a solid and in a specified solution.", "rationale": "Hydration, thermal changes and acid-oxalate speciation make condition-free property values unreliable for decisions.", "layers": [ { "id": "solid-form-and-thermal-events", "name": "Solid form and thermal events", "description": "Associates physical observations and thermal measurements with a confirmed form.", "findings": [ { "id": "conditioned-physical-properties", "name": "Conditioned physical properties", "description": "Distinguish measured events and their conditions instead of assuming every reported temperature is a melting or boiling point.", "questions": [ { "text": "What form, sample condition and measurement method accompany the reported physical properties?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "conditioned-physical-properties-q01" }, { "text": "Does each observed thermal event represent dehydration, melting, decomposition or an unresolved combination?", "kind": "definition", "id": "conditioned-physical-properties-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "dissolution-and-speciation", "name": "Dissolution and speciation", "description": "Describes dissolved acid content and the conditions governing protonation and metal interactions.", "findings": [ { "id": "solution-state-evidence", "name": "Solution state evidence", "description": "Record analytical concentration separately from pH and account for relevant metal ions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What solvent, temperature, concentration and pH describe the solution, and is undissolved material present?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "solution-state-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Under these conditions, what evidence supports the expected acid-oxalate species, metal complexes or oxalate precipitates?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "solution-state-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "application-and-compatibility", "name": "Application and compatibility", "description": "Connects oxalic acid's chemical behaviour and sample quality to a specified purpose.", "rationale": "Acid action, metal interaction and analytical reactivity create different suitability requirements and possible unwanted effects.", "layers": [ { "id": "surface-and-metal-interactions", "name": "Surface and metal interactions", "description": "Assesses treatment performance alongside changes to the contacted material.", "findings": [ { "id": "substrate-specific-suitability", "name": "Substrate-specific suitability", "description": "Require application evidence that addresses both the intended effect and substrate compatibility.", "questions": [ { "text": "What deposit or surface change is the application intended to achieve, and which oxalic-acid interaction is expected to produce it?", "kind": "definition", "id": "substrate-specific-suitability-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence establishes acceptable substrate alteration, residual oxalate and metal-containing residue under the proposed conditions?", "kind": "action", "id": "substrate-specific-suitability-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "analytical-and-reagent-use", "name": "Analytical and reagent use", "description": "Determines whether a sample can support a defined quantitative or reagent function.", "findings": [ { "id": "method-specific-reagent-fitness", "name": "Method-specific reagent fitness", "description": "Connect hydration, assay and reaction conditions to the requirements of the analytical method.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which method specifies the required oxalic-acid form, purity and preparation or standardisation basis?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "method-specific-reagent-fitness-q01" }, { "text": "What checks establish that water content, impurities and reaction conditions permit the intended quantitative result?", "kind": "action", "id": "method-specific-reagent-fitness-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "exposure-storage-and-waste", "name": "Exposure, storage and waste", "description": "Links the actual oxalic-acid material and use conditions to supported handling constraints.", "rationale": "Solid dust, solutions and metal-containing spent material require assessments tied to their composition and exposure circumstances.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-and-exposure-context", "name": "Hazard and exposure context", "description": "Identifies applicable classification and exposure information for the material being handled.", "findings": [ { "id": "applicable-safety-evidence", "name": "Applicable safety evidence", "description": "Retain the source, date, jurisdiction and material coverage of safety claims.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which current safety data and jurisdiction-specific classifications apply to this solid form or solution concentration?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "applicable-safety-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What exposure routes and airborne forms are credible for the task, and which verified limits and controls apply?", "kind": "action", "id": "applicable-safety-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "storage-and-spent-material", "name": "Storage and spent material", "description": "Addresses preservation of sample condition and the changed composition of material after use.", "findings": [ { "id": "lifecycle-handling-constraints", "name": "Lifecycle handling constraints", "description": "Base storage compatibility and waste decisions on actual composition, including acquired metals and other contaminants.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which verified container, segregation and environmental requirements preserve this material's specified condition?", "kind": "action", "id": "lifecycle-handling-constraints-q01" }, { "text": "After use, what acid, oxalate, metal and other contaminant content determines the applicable waste route?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "lifecycle-handling-constraints-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This is recalled information; no sources were consulted.", "Verify current substance-specific GHS classifications, exposure limits and regulatory obligations before operational use.", "Verify purity, hydration state and measurement conditions before assigning solubility or thermal constants; dehydration and decomposition complicate melting-point reports." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of oxalic acid this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Anhydrous oxalic acid", "Oxalic acid dihydrate", "Technical-grade oxalic acid", "Analytical-reagent-grade oxalic acid" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of oxalic acid this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "CAS Registry Number", "value_or_pattern": "144-62-7", "note": "Anhydrous oxalic acid." }, { "scheme": "CAS Registry Number", "value_or_pattern": "6153-56-6", "note": "Oxalic acid dihydrate." }, { "scheme": "PubChem CID", "value_or_pattern": "971", "note": "Oxalic acid." }, { "scheme": "EC number", "value_or_pattern": "205-634-3", "note": "Oxalic acid substance identity." }, { "scheme": "IUPAC nomenclature", "value_or_pattern": "Ethanedioic acid", "note": "Systematic name; oxalic acid is the commonly used name." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of oxalic acid this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS): framework for communicating chemical hazards.", "European Union REACH Regulation: chemical registration and supply-chain information requirements.", "European Union CLP Regulation: classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures.", "United States OSHA Hazard Communication Standard: workplace chemical labels and safety data sheets." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of oxalic acid this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Rust and iron-stain removal in formulated cleaning products.", "Wood bleaching and removal of iron-related discoloration.", "Reducing reagent in analytical chemistry, including permanganate titrations.", "Preparation of oxalate salts and metal oxalate precursors.", "Active ingredient in some authorized treatments against Varroa mites in honeybee colonies." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of oxalic acid this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Molar mass, anhydrous acid", "typical_range": "90.03", "unit": "g/mol" }, { "quantity": "Molar mass, dihydrate", "typical_range": "126.07", "unit": "g/mol" }, { "quantity": "First aqueous acid dissociation constant, pKa1", "typical_range": "Approximately 1.25 near 25 °C; depends on measurement conditions", "unit": "dimensionless" }, { "quantity": "Second aqueous acid dissociation constant, pKa2", "typical_range": "Approximately 4.27 near 25 °C; depends on measurement conditions", "unit": "dimensionless" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of oxalic acid this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Ingestion can cause serious poisoning, including calcium depletion and kidney injury associated with calcium oxalate formation.", "Eye contact can cause serious injury; skin effects depend on concentration and exposure.", "Airborne dust or mist can irritate the respiratory tract.", "Confusing anhydrous material with the dihydrate produces errors in solutions prepared by mass.", "Heating can cause dehydration or decomposition; decomposition can release carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of oxalic acid this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Legally required hazard classifications, labels and occupational exposure limits depend on jurisdiction and product composition.", "Authorization of oxalic-acid products for beekeeping, including permitted formulations and application methods, varies by jurisdiction." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of oxalic acid this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Oxalate", "difference": "Oxalate is the dianion C2O4²⁻ or a salt containing it; oxalic acid is the parent acid." }, { "name": "Calcium oxalate", "difference": "A sparingly soluble calcium salt of oxalic acid, rather than the free acid." }, { "name": "Oxalic acid dihydrate", "difference": "Contains two waters of crystallization per acid molecule, giving a different formula mass from anhydrous oxalic acid." }, { "name": "Oxalic-acid cleaning product", "difference": "A formulation containing oxalic acid and other ingredients, rather than the substance alone." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of oxalic acid this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which authoritative CAS, PubChem and EC records apply to anhydrous oxalic acid and its dihydrate, and how should those form-specific records link to this single registry entry?", "Which sources provide reliable form-specific solubility and thermal data, including whether reported melting or boiling values instead describe dehydration or decomposition?", "Which acid-dissociation and metal-oxalate equilibrium data are adequate for the intended temperature, solvent and ionic-strength ranges?", "Which current hazard classifications and occupational exposure limits apply in the jurisdictions of use, and how do they distinguish solid material from solutions?", "Which grade specifications and application studies establish acceptable impurities, substrate effects and residual oxalate for the uses this model should support?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 29 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a oxalic acid, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise oxalic acid, assess the form and condition of a particular sample, and determine which handling, analytical or application decisions its evidence supports.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Oxalic acid-14C.", "1 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 69 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a oxalic acid, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Oxalic acid-14C" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 69 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 1 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one oxalic acid from another, and a oxalic acid from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a oxalic acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a oxalic acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a oxalic acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a oxalic acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a oxalic acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a oxalic acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a oxalic acid sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a oxalic acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a oxalic acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a oxalic acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a oxalic acid from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a oxalic acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a oxalic acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a oxalic acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a oxalic acid is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a oxalic acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a oxalic acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a oxalic acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a oxalic acid is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a oxalic acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a oxalic acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a oxalic acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a oxalic acid is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a oxalic acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a oxalic acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a oxalic acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a oxalic acid is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a oxalic acid is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a oxalic acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a oxalic acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a oxalic acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a oxalic acid is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a oxalic acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a oxalic acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a oxalic acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a oxalic acid passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a oxalic acid between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a oxalic acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a oxalic acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a oxalic acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a oxalic acid, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a oxalic acid is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a oxalic acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a oxalic acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a oxalic acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a oxalic acid and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a oxalic acid is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a oxalic acid performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a oxalic acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a oxalic acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a oxalic acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a oxalic acid.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a oxalic acid at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a oxalic acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a oxalic acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a oxalic acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a oxalic acid there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a oxalic acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a oxalic acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a oxalic acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What oxalic acid is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name oxalic acid unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of oxalic acid exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How oxalic acid behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of oxalic acid, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is oxalic acid incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How oxalic acid can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is oxalic acid classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover oxalic acid, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a oxalic acid came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a oxalic acid and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a oxalic acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a oxalic acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a oxalic acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a oxalic acid is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a oxalic acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a oxalic acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a oxalic acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }