{ "model": { "rank": 5790, "code": "thing-q185387", "model_id": "vr.tr.active-suffrage", "name": "active suffrage", "purpose": "Let an agent explain the right to vote and its conditions by country with sources, describe the history of suffrage expansion, help people understand eligibility and registration in general terms, and present debates with attribution.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QLT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q185387/", "tier": 2, "score": 64, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "voting rights in Nigeria", "suffrage in Sweden", "limited suffrage", "suffrage by country", "suffrage in Italy", "equal suffrage", "right of children to vote", "census suffrage", "Black suffrage", "plural voting right", "Voting rights of prisoners in New Zealand", "universal single suffrage", "suffrage in Belgium", "non-resident citizen voting", "suffrage in Switzerland", "Right of foreigners to vote in the United States", "suffrage in France", "universal suffrage", "plural voting", "voting rights in Canada", "voting rights in the United States", "non-citizen suffrage", "universal manhood suffrage", "compulsory voting", "eugenic feminism", "Suffrage in Spain", "Suffrage in Australia", "Voting rights of Australian Aborigines", "youth suffrage", "Right of Irish expatriates to vote", "District of Columbia federal voting rights", "right of foreigners to vote in Japan", "foreigner's voting rights in South Korea", "right of foreigners to vote in Switzerland", "Youth vote in the United States" ], "aliasCount": 35, "merged": 35, "knownIn": 64, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q185387", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185387", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T21:19:23Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 2, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q185387", "registryId": "vr.tr.active-suffrage", "name": "active suffrage", "version": "0.2.0-wave.2", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QLT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q185387/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.active-suffrage", "name": "active suffrage", "purpose": "Let an agent explain the right to vote and its conditions by country with sources, describe the history of suffrage expansion, help people understand eligibility and registration in general terms, and present debates with attribution.", "definition": "The right to vote in elections and referendums, as distinct from passive suffrage, the right to stand for office, defined by each country constitution and electoral law with conditions such as citizenship, age and registration, and historically extended from limited suffrage to universal and equal suffrage through movements for the vote; suffrage by country varies and remains a subject of law and debate.", "what_it_is_for": "The right to participate in elections.", "affordances": [ "explain voting eligibility by country with sources", "distinguish active and passive suffrage", "describe the history of suffrage", "present debates neutrally" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Voting right", "Legally defined", "Historically expanded", "Country-specific" ], "appearance": "Not physical; a legal right.", "visual_identification": [ "Right to vote", "Conditioned by law", "Passive suffrage is the right to be elected" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "universal suffrage", "limited and qualified suffrage", "equal suffrage", "suffrage of non-citizens and expatriates", "suffrage by country" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "suffrage", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "eligibility", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "election", "why": "exercise of the right" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "referendum", "why": "also covered" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Constitutions and electoral laws", "International human rights instruments on political participation", "Election observation standards" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Disenfranchisement", "Misinformation about eligibility", "Partisan presentation of suffrage debates" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "eligibility", "name": "Eligibility", "description": "Who can vote.", "rationale": "By country.", "layers": [ { "id": "rules", "name": "Rules", "description": "Voting conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "rules-finding", "name": "Rules", "description": "Conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who is eligible to vote in this country and election, according to the electoral authority?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How does one register, and by when?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "special", "name": "Special", "description": "Special cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "special-finding", "name": "Special", "description": "Special cases.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the rules for expatriates, non-citizens, prisoners and people under guardianship here?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the user asking about their own eligibility, which the electoral authority confirms?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "concepts", "name": "Concepts", "description": "Kinds of suffrage.", "rationale": "Definitions.", "layers": [ { "id": "active", "name": "Active", "description": "Active and passive.", "findings": [ { "id": "active-finding", "name": "Active", "description": "Active and passive.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do active and passive suffrage differ, and can conditions differ between them?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "What are limited, universal and equal suffrage?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "international", "name": "International", "description": "International standards.", "findings": [ { "id": "international-finding", "name": "International", "description": "Standards.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do international human rights instruments say about the right to vote?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How is compliance assessed?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "Expansion of the vote.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "movements", "name": "Movements", "description": "Suffrage movements.", "findings": [ { "id": "movements-finding", "name": "Movements", "description": "Movements.", "questions": [ { "text": "How was suffrage extended in this country, including to women, workers and minority groups, according to historians?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which milestones are notable?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "compare", "name": "Compare", "description": "Comparing countries.", "findings": [ { "id": "compare-finding", "name": "Compare", "description": "Comparison.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do suffrage rules compare across countries, such as voting age and citizenship?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which countries have compulsory voting?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "debates", "name": "Debates", "description": "Current debates.", "rationale": "Neutrality.", "layers": [ { "id": "issues", "name": "Issues", "description": "Contested issues.", "findings": [ { "id": "issues-finding", "name": "Issues", "description": "Issues.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the documented debates on voting age, prisoner voting, voter identification and non-citizen voting, with positions attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation neutral?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "protect", "name": "Protect", "description": "Protecting the right.", "findings": [ { "id": "protect-finding", "name": "Protect", "description": "Protection.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are voting rights protected and enforced, and where can violations be reported?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which observers monitor elections?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should suffrage by country be separate entries?", "How should electoral authorities be linked?", "How should debates be attributed?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a active suffrage, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain the right to vote and its conditions by country with sources, describe the history of suffrage expansion, help people understand eligibility and registration in general terms, and present debates with attribution.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: voting rights in Nigeria, suffrage in Sweden, limited suffrage, suffrage by country, suffrage in Italy, equal suffrage, right of children to vote, census suffrage, Black suffrage, plural voting right, Voting rights of prisoners in New Zealand, universal single suffrage.", "35 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 64 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a active suffrage, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "voting rights in Nigeria", "suffrage in Sweden", "limited suffrage", "suffrage by country", "suffrage in Italy", "equal suffrage", "right of children to vote", "census suffrage", "Black suffrage", "plural voting right", "Voting rights of prisoners in New Zealand", "universal single suffrage" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 64 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 35 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one active suffrage from another, and a active suffrage from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a active suffrage, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a active suffrage, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a active suffrage is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a active suffrage, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a active suffrage, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a active suffrage is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a active suffrage sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a active suffrage, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a active suffrage, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a active suffrage is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a active suffrage from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a active suffrage, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a active suffrage, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a active suffrage is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a active suffrage passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a active suffrage between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a active suffrage, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a active suffrage, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a active suffrage is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a active suffrage, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a active suffrage is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a active suffrage, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a active suffrage, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a active suffrage is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What active suffrage is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of active suffrage are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is active suffrage operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of active suffrage and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of active suffrage?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as active suffrage?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a active suffrage came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a active suffrage and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a active suffrage, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a active suffrage, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a active suffrage is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a active suffrage is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a active suffrage, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a active suffrage, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a active suffrage is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }