ytterbium
Let an agent identify ytterbium and its properties, relay isotopes, production and uses from reference sources, explain its roles in lasers and atomic clocks, and distinguish it from yttrium and neighbouring lanthanides.
Research draft, second pass
A second pass drafted this model: the structure a model of this thing needs, and what is known about it in the world. The line under this one says how the second half was obtained - researched against sources, or recalled without web access, in which case nothing here was read anywhere and every claim is a lead to verify. Unreviewed either way.
written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify
Researched by: Claude
Purpose and description
Let an agent identify ytterbium and its properties, relay isotopes, production and uses from reference sources, explain its roles in lasers and atomic clocks, and distinguish it from yttrium and neighbouring lanthanides.
A chemical element with symbol Yb and atomic number 70, a soft silvery lanthanide obtained from monazite, xenotime and ion-adsorption clays, used as a dopant in fibre lasers and amplifiers, in stainless steel improvement, in stress gauges, in ytterbium-based optical atomic clocks and in the radioisotope ytterbium-169 as a gamma source for radiography; ytterbium has seven stable isotopes and many radioactive ones, and is one of four elements named after the Swedish village of Ytterby.
What it is for: Lasers, atomic clocks, radiography and alloys.
It can be relay properties and isotopes; explain production and uses; explain laser and clock roles; distinguish from related elements.
Distinguishing features
Fibre laser dopant
Optical clock element
Divalent chemistry
Ytterby naming
What it looks like
A soft silvery metal that slowly oxidises in air.
Physical character
atomic number: 70 Z
standard atomic weight: 173.045 u
melting point: 824 degrees C
stable isotopes: 7 count - Yb-168 to Yb-176
How it is recognised
Element 70, symbol Yb
Lanthanide of fibre lasers and optical clocks
Yttrium is a different element; thulium and lutetium are the neighbouring lanthanides
Related models
is a kind of - in registry terms
is used in - as a dopant
is used in - as a reference atom
is adjacent to - element 71
In practice
Families and kinds
ytterbium metal
ytterbium compounds such as the oxide
stable isotopes from ytterbium-168 to ytterbium-176 and radioactive isotopes including ytterbium-169 and light isotopes from ytterbium-148
ytterbium-doped lasers and amplifiers
ytterbium in atomic clocks and quantum computing
Identifiers
symbol Yb
CAS 7440-64-4
Standards and regulation
Chemical safety data sheets
Radiation rules for ytterbium-169 sources
Rare earth trade rules
Failure modes and hazards
Confusing with yttrium
Radiation safety for isotope sources
Supply concentration
Also called
+10
Where this came from
wikidata · CC0 1.0
Also registered as vr.tr.ytterbium
Drafted structure
Bundle to layer to finding to question, as the second pass will find it: 4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions.
Identify What ytterbium is.
Identity.
Properties
Properties.
Properties
Properties.
- What are the physical and chemical properties of ytterbium? definition
- Is the question about ytterbium, yttrium or a neighbouring lanthanide? boundary
Isotopes
Isotopes.
Isotopes
Isotopes.
- Which isotopes exist, and how is ytterbium-169 used? definition
- Which entry fits the specific isotope? action
Source Occurrence and production.
Supply.
Occurrence
Occurrence.
Occurrence
Occurrence.
- Where does ytterbium occur, and how is it separated? provenance
- Which entry fits rare earth mining? action
Supply
Supply.
Supply
Supply.
- Who produces ytterbium, and how is it traded, with sources? measurement
- Which sources are cited? provenance
Use Uses.
Application.
Lasers
Lasers.
Lasers
Lasers.
- How are ytterbium-doped fibre and disk lasers used in industry? provenance
- Which entry fits fibre laser? action
Clocks
Clocks and quantum.
Clocks
Clocks.
- How are ytterbium atoms used in optical clocks and quantum computing, as research reports? provenance
- Which references are standard? provenance
Context History.
Context.
Discovery
Discovery.
Discovery
Discovery.
- How was ytterbium discovered by Marignac in 1878 and separated by Urbain and Auer von Welsbach? provenance
- Which entry fits Ytterby? action
Metrology
Metrology.
Metrology
Metrology.
- How might ytterbium clocks contribute to redefining the second? provenance
- Which entry fits the definition of the second? action
What the second pass must settle
- Should ytterbium-doped fibre laser be a separate entry?
- How should reference data be linked?
- The registry entry has merged aliases naming short-lived isotopes and isomers; should they be split off?