{ "model": { "rank": 5129, "code": "thing-q185943", "model_id": "vr.tr.amnesty", "name": "amnesty", "purpose": "Let an agent explain amnesties factually by jurisdiction, scope, conditions and limits, neutrally and without legal advice on individual cases.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.TME", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q185943/", "tier": 2, "score": 69, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "amnesty law", "1808–1810 Spanish pardon and amnesty laws", "1808–1832 Spanish pardon and amnesty laws", "1832–1840 Spanish pardon and amnesty laws", "firearms amnesty", "Christmas amnesty", "self-amnesty", "tax amnesty", "construction amnesty" ], "aliasCount": 9, "merged": 9, "knownIn": 69, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q185943", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185943", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T08:54:20Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q185943", "registryId": "vr.tr.amnesty", "name": "amnesty", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.TME" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q185943/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.amnesty", "name": "amnesty", "purpose": "Let an agent explain amnesties factually by jurisdiction, scope, conditions and limits, neutrally and without legal advice on individual cases.", "definition": "An official act granting pardon or immunity to a group of people for past offences, often by law, such as political amnesties, tax amnesties, firearms amnesties allowing weapons to be surrendered, and holiday amnesties releasing prisoners.", "what_it_is_for": "Reconciliation, clearing backlogs, encouraging compliance or surrender of prohibited items.", "affordances": [ "explain who is covered and conditions", "find official information on current amnesties", "understand international law limits", "describe historical amnesties neutrally" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Collective forgiveness or immunity", "Usually by law", "Conditions and deadlines", "Limited for grave international crimes" ], "appearance": "Laws, decrees and official announcements.", "visual_identification": [ "Amnesty laws and decrees", "Tax and firearms amnesties", "Amnesty International is an organisation, a different entry" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "political amnesties", "tax amnesties", "firearms and weapons amnesties", "prisoner release amnesties", "immigration amnesties" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "pardon and clemency", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is granted by", "target": "legislature or head of state", "why": "authority" }, { "relation": "is limited by", "target": "international criminal law", "why": "limits" }, { "relation": "is confused with", "target": "Amnesty International", "why": "organisation" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "National amnesty laws", "International law on amnesty for grave crimes", "Tax and firearms legislation" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Partisan framing", "Misunderstanding conditions or deadlines", "Giving legal advice on individual eligibility" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "scope", "name": "Scope", "description": "Which amnesty.", "rationale": "Scope defines it.", "layers": [ { "id": "type", "name": "Type", "description": "Political, tax, firearms.", "findings": [ { "id": "type-finding", "name": "Type", "description": "Amnesty type.", "questions": [ { "text": "What kind of amnesty is it, and in which jurisdiction?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which law or decree established it?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "coverage", "name": "Coverage", "description": "Who and what.", "findings": [ { "id": "coverage-finding", "name": "Coverage", "description": "Coverage.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who and which offences does it cover?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "What is excluded?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "conditions", "name": "Conditions", "description": "Requirements.", "rationale": "Conditions apply.", "layers": [ { "id": "requirements", "name": "Requirements", "description": "What must be done.", "findings": [ { "id": "requirements-finding", "name": "Requirements", "description": "Conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What must people do to benefit?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "By when?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] }, { "id": "surrender", "name": "Surrender", "description": "Items.", "findings": [ { "id": "surrender-finding", "name": "Surrender", "description": "Surrender of items.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where and how can prohibited items be surrendered safely under a firearms amnesty?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Is it anonymous?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "law", "name": "Law", "description": "Limits.", "rationale": "International law sets limits.", "layers": [ { "id": "international", "name": "International", "description": "Grave crimes.", "findings": [ { "id": "international-finding", "name": "International", "description": "International limits.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does international law restrict amnesty for these crimes?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Have courts ruled on it?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "advice", "name": "Advice", "description": "Individuals.", "findings": [ { "id": "advice-finding", "name": "Advice", "description": "Advice limit.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the user asking whether they personally qualify?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "How should the agent refer them?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "neutrality", "name": "Neutrality", "description": "Contested amnesties.", "rationale": "Amnesties can be contested.", "layers": [ { "id": "balance", "name": "Balance", "description": "Views.", "findings": [ { "id": "balance-finding", "name": "Balance", "description": "Balanced account.", "questions": [ { "text": "Are supporters and critics presented fairly?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Are victims views included?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "Past amnesties.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "Historical amnesties.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do historians say about this amnesty and its effects?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the account sourced?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should amnesty types be separate entries?", "How should current amnesties be linked and dated?", "How should the organisation be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a amnesty, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain amnesties factually by jurisdiction, scope, conditions and limits, neutrally and without legal advice on individual cases.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: amnesty law, 1808–1810 Spanish pardon and amnesty laws, 1808–1832 Spanish pardon and amnesty laws, 1832–1840 Spanish pardon and amnesty laws, firearms amnesty, Christmas amnesty, self-amnesty, tax amnesty, construction amnesty.", "9 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 69 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a amnesty, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "amnesty law", "1808–1810 Spanish pardon and amnesty laws", "1808–1832 Spanish pardon and amnesty laws", "1832–1840 Spanish pardon and amnesty laws", "firearms amnesty", "Christmas amnesty", "self-amnesty", "tax amnesty", "construction amnesty" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 69 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 9 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one amnesty from another, and a amnesty from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a amnesty, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a amnesty, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a amnesty is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a amnesty, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a amnesty, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a amnesty is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a amnesty sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a amnesty, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a amnesty, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a amnesty is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a amnesty from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a amnesty, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a amnesty, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a amnesty is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a amnesty passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a amnesty between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a amnesty, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a amnesty, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a amnesty is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a amnesty, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a amnesty is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a amnesty, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a amnesty, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a amnesty is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What amnesty is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of amnesty are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is amnesty operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of amnesty and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of amnesty?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as amnesty?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a amnesty came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a amnesty and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a amnesty, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a amnesty, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a amnesty is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a amnesty is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a amnesty, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a amnesty, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a amnesty is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }