{ "model": { "rank": 5566, "code": "thing-q186050", "model_id": "vr.tr.green-revolution", "name": "Green Revolution", "purpose": "Let an agent explain the Green Revolution and its technologies, relay its history, outcomes and debates from historical and agricultural sources with attribution, describe the case of India, and distinguish the Green Revolution from earlier agricultural revolutions, the Gene Revolution and green political movements.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.PRC", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q186050/", "tier": 2, "score": 66, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "green revolution in India" ], "aliasCount": 1, "merged": 1, "knownIn": 66, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q186050", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186050", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T05:29:44Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 3, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q186050", "registryId": "vr.tr.green-revolution", "name": "Green Revolution", "version": "0.2.0-wave.3", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.PRC" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q186050/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.green-revolution", "name": "Green Revolution", "purpose": "Let an agent explain the Green Revolution and its technologies, relay its history, outcomes and debates from historical and agricultural sources with attribution, describe the case of India, and distinguish the Green Revolution from earlier agricultural revolutions, the Gene Revolution and green political movements.", "definition": "A period of agricultural transformation from the 1940s to the late 1960s and beyond in which high-yielding varieties of wheat, rice and maize, developed by Norman Borlaug and institutions such as CIMMYT and IRRI, were adopted together with irrigation, synthetic fertilisers, pesticides and mechanisation, sharply raising yields in Mexico, India, Pakistan, the Philippines and elsewhere; the Green Revolution is credited with averting famine and criticised for environmental, social and dietary consequences, and India s experience is a central case.", "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a historical transformation.", "affordances": [ "explain technologies", "relay history and outcomes", "describe debates with attribution", "distinguish related terms" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "High-yielding varieties", "Input intensification", "International research centres", "Contested legacy" ], "appearance": "Not a visible object; a period of agricultural change.", "visual_identification": [ "Mid-20th-century yield revolution", "High-yielding varieties, irrigation, fertilisers, pesticides; the Green Revolution in India", "The British Agricultural Revolution was earlier; the Gene Revolution refers to biotechnology; green politics is unrelated" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "core period", "typical_range": "1940s-1970s", "unit": "period", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "Borlaug Nobel Peace Prize", "typical_range": "1970", "unit": "year", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "Indian wheat production growth", "typical_range": "several-fold", "unit": "note", "note": "1960s to 1980s" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "the Mexican wheat programme", "the Green Revolution in India and Pakistan", "the rice revolution in the Philippines and Southeast Asia", "later extensions in Africa and the proposed African Green Revolution", "the Gene Revolution as a successor term" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "agricultural revolution", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "change", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "was led by", "target": "Norman Borlaug", "why": "among others" }, { "relation": "relied on", "target": "high-yielding variety", "why": "crops" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "National agricultural policies and subsidies of the period", "CGIAR research centre mandates", "No direct regulation" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Presenting only benefits or only harms", "Confusing with the Agricultural Revolution or green politics", "Ignoring regional variation" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What the Green Revolution was.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What was the Green Revolution, and how does it differ from earlier agricultural revolutions and the Gene Revolution?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about the historical transformation, a specific country or a policy debate?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "technologies", "name": "Technologies", "description": "Technologies.", "findings": [ { "id": "technologies-finding", "name": "Technologies", "description": "Technologies.", "questions": [ { "text": "What were the high-yielding varieties, inputs and practices that drove it?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific technology?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "origins", "name": "Origins", "description": "Origins.", "findings": [ { "id": "origins-finding", "name": "Origins", "description": "Origins.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did the Mexican wheat programme, Borlaug and the research centres launch the revolution, as historians describe?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "india", "name": "India", "description": "India and Asia.", "findings": [ { "id": "india-finding", "name": "India", "description": "India.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did the Green Revolution unfold in India, Pakistan and the Philippines?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "assess", "name": "Assess", "description": "Outcomes and debates.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "outcomes", "name": "Outcomes", "description": "Outcomes.", "findings": [ { "id": "outcomes-finding", "name": "Outcomes", "description": "Outcomes.", "questions": [ { "text": "What were the effects on yields, hunger and incomes, as studies report?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits food security?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "critiques", "name": "Critiques", "description": "Critiques.", "findings": [ { "id": "critiques-finding", "name": "Critiques", "description": "Critiques.", "questions": [ { "text": "What environmental, social and dietary critiques have been made, and how do supporters respond, with positions attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation neutral?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "Legacy.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "africa", "name": "Africa", "description": "Africa and later efforts.", "findings": [ { "id": "africa-finding", "name": "Africa", "description": "Africa.", "questions": [ { "text": "Why did the Green Revolution have less impact in Africa, and what later efforts followed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits agriculture in Africa?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "future", "name": "Future", "description": "Future.", "findings": [ { "id": "future-finding", "name": "Future", "description": "Future.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do sustainable intensification and biotechnology relate to the Green Revolution legacy?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits sustainable agriculture?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should the Green Revolution in India be a separate primary entry?", "How should historical and agricultural sources be linked?", "How should critical and supportive assessments be balanced?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "event or period", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Green Revolution, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain the Green Revolution and its technologies, relay its history, outcomes and debates from historical and agricultural sources with attribution, describe the case of India, and distinguish the Green Revolution from earlier agricultural revolutions, the Gene Revolution and green political movements.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: green revolution in India.", "1 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 66 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Green Revolution, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not a thing to see. Recognised by when it happened and who was involved, on the account of somebody." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "green revolution in India" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 66 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 1 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Green Revolution from another, and a Green Revolution from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Green Revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Green Revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Green Revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Green Revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Green Revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Green Revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Green Revolution sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Green Revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Green Revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Green Revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Green Revolution from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Green Revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Green Revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Green Revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Green Revolution passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Green Revolution between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Green Revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Green Revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Green Revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Green Revolution, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Green Revolution is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Green Revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Green Revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Green Revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a Green Revolution proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a Green Revolution, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a Green Revolution and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a Green Revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a Green Revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a Green Revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a Green Revolution consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a Green Revolution takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a Green Revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a Green Revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a Green Revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "extent-and-dating", "name": "Temporal extent and dating", "description": "When Green Revolution began and ended, and who says so.", "rationale": "Dates for events are conventions held by historiographies that disagree, and a single confident date hides the disagreement.", "layers": [ { "id": "dating", "name": "Dating and calendar", "description": "Start, end, granularity and the calendar used.", "findings": [ { "id": "date-record", "name": "Dates, granularity and authority", "description": "What is dated, how precisely, and on whose account.", "questions": [ { "id": "date-record-q01", "text": "What start and end are conventionally given for Green Revolution, at what granularity, in which calendar?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "date-record-q02", "text": "Which accounts date it differently, and on what grounds?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "membership-of-the-event", "name": "What counts as part of it", "description": "Sub-events included or excluded, and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "inclusion", "name": "Inclusion and exclusion", "description": "The episodes treated as inside the event and those left out.", "questions": [ { "id": "inclusion-q01", "text": "Which episodes are counted as part of Green Revolution, and which are treated as separate?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "inclusion-q02", "text": "Whose framing is being followed in that inclusion, and who frames it otherwise?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "participants-and-consequence", "name": "Participants, causes and consequences", "description": "Who took part in Green Revolution and what is claimed to follow from it.", "rationale": "Causation around events is asserted rather than observed, so each claim needs the party asserting it.", "layers": [ { "id": "participants", "name": "Participants and roles", "description": "Parties involved and what each did.", "findings": [ { "id": "participant-record", "name": "Parties and their roles", "description": "Who is recorded as involved and in what capacity.", "questions": [ { "id": "participant-record-q01", "text": "Which parties took part in Green Revolution, in what roles, and on whose account?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "participant-record-q02", "text": "Where do accounts disagree about who was involved?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequences", "name": "Causes and consequences", "description": "What is claimed to have caused it and followed from it.", "findings": [ { "id": "causal-claims", "name": "Causal claims and who makes them", "description": "Antecedents and outcomes as attributed claims.", "questions": [ { "id": "causal-claims-q01", "text": "What causes and consequences are attributed to Green Revolution, and by whom?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "causal-claims-q02", "text": "What would an agent need before treating such a claim as settled rather than contested?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Green Revolution came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Green Revolution and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Green Revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Green Revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Green Revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Green Revolution is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Green Revolution, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Green Revolution, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Green Revolution is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }